易变信息全局距离最优动态选择算法

Web服务组合问题中数以千计的Web Service的信息可能会随时改变,如何发现这些易变Web Service描述信息（包括服务提供者和服务消费者的描述信息）,如何根据用户的需求来自动组合Web Services,生成满足用户需求的组合业务,并及时应用到业务执行流程中。本文设计了一种基于用户需求服务全局距离最优动态选择算法（Dynamic Selection Algorithm with Global OptimalDistance）,用于发现动态调用Web Services来自动生成满足用户所需目标的Web Service组合。     

易变信息全局距离最优动态选择算法

Web服务组合问题中数以千计的Web Service的信息可能会随时改变,如何发现这些易变Web Service描述信息(包括服务提供者和服务消费者的描述信息),如何根据用户的需求来自动组合Web Services,生成满足用户需求的组合业务,并及时应用到业务执行流程中。本文设计了一种基于用户需求服务全局距离最优动态选择算法(Dynamic Selection Algorithm with Global OptimalDistance),用于发现动态调用Web Services来自动生成满足用户所需目标的Web Service组合。     

信息网格中基于本体的Web服务动态集成和重构

基于语法的Web服务资源组织和管理策略不能满足信息网格中服务请求多样性和信息关联的需要.提出了一种基于本体的Web服务动态集成和重构策略(Web service dynamic integrating and constructing,简称WS-DIC).该策略以本体及其推理能力为核心,复用信息网格中已有服务,生成优化重构路径集合完成服务集成,满足请求多样性和信息关联的需要.通过对该策略的抽象和形式化描述,讨论了动态重构和集成规则,并设计了动态重构和集成算法.模拟实验表明,与传统的全文检索和数据库查询方式相比,该策略可以按照用户请求,通过服务重构集成,满足请求多样性并准确、全面地获取关联信息.     

面向制造业产业链协同商务系统的数据交换适配器研究*

对面向制造业产业链的协同商务系统数据交换的特点进行了分析,提出了一种基于动态Web服务技术的数据交换适配器结构,并对其实现的关键技术包括Web服务模板的抽取、基于用户身份的服务器端配置文件路由选择、XML文件读取器设计、数据交换控制器设计、数据传入/传出处理接口设计等技术进行了研究,实现了基于客户端身份信息以及业务关键字等调用参数驱动的服务器端Web服务在调用时的动态生成,满足了数据交换适配器在使用上的可配置性和灵活性需求。     

基于Domino的办公平台Web应用改造

浏览器以B/S的访问方式可以有效地提高用户访问速度,解决远程和移动办公效率问题.中国海油对Domino办公平台进行了Web应用改造.本文介绍了Web办公信息门户设计,对Web办公信息门户的总体框架、动态站点生成工具Indi.SiteMaster、Web系统身份验证接13和管理程序、应用模块的Web改造、Web首页设计做了阐述,并简述了办公平台Web应用改造的效果、存在的问题与展望.     

一种面向用户需求的Web服务测试方法

Web服务对外只提供接口文档,可利用生成测试用例的信息不够充分,现有方法所生成的用例冗余度高、查错能力有限.文中基于现有Web服务功能和用户协同推荐构建用户需求模型,再使用领域知识和使用场景生成测试用例,并通过实验演示过程,实验结果表明该文方法生成组合Web服务测试用例的有效性.以用户需求驱动组合Web服务测试,既能保证所选服务真正符合用户需求,又可根据用户使用场景来丰富测试需求信息,结合领域知识启发式生成测试用例.     

遥感图像数据库的Web访问实现

针对遥感图像讨论了利用ASP技术动态访问图像数据库的原理,给出了实现动态访问的简便方法。设计实现了ASP对Web图像数据库的动态访问,并对应用程序设计和运行中的有关问题进行了讨论,利用所介绍的方法用户可以直接显示图像,并且系统的响应速度快。该方法对其他类型图像数据库的动态访问同样适用。     

基于Web Service的信息家电控制界面自动构建

信息家电的智能化促进了家庭设备的网络连接和网络控制的需求.通过Web Service将信息家电控制功能描述并发布,为远程用户提供设备服务控制.基于对当前家庭网络设备控制界面现状的分析,提出一种基于Web Service的自动界面生成技术.该方法可使远程用户的Android智能设备根据信息家电的WSDL信息描述自动生成控制界面并动态更新界面.为验证这种方法,设计一个信息家电控制模型.结果表明,该方法能够自动构建信息家电控制界面.     

基于Ajax技术的虚拟Web信息集成系统

在当前战略模拟中,高层战略决策训练实时生成的动态虚拟Web信息需要及时、异步集成到综合信息服务系统。针对该问题提出构建虚拟Web信息集成系统,其中采用构建Ajax引擎、虚拟Web信息空间映射和建立Web/XML服务器的方法。结果证明,系统实现数据与呈现方式的分离,减轻服务器的负担,使用户得到了更快、交互能力更强的信息及服务。     

Web环境下的交互式虚拟产品设计系统

提出了Web环境下的交互式虚拟设计系统的研究内容，并建立了一个基于CORBA的系统体系结构。通过调用UG、Pro／Engine和Solid Works等三维CAD软件的二次开发接口，实现了对产品设计模型的几何模型信息和特征信息的分离提取，并分别保存到数据库中。基于面向对象的几何引擎GLScene，开发一个可以显示OpenGL场景的ActiveX插件。在Web浏览器端，通过该ActiveX插件显示产品的几何模型，并允许用户对该模型进行浏览、拆卸和红笔会签；同时，允许用户查看产品模型的特征信息。建立了一个客户一客户、客户一设计人员之间的交互式工作环境，在这个交互式工作环境中，用户可以建立讨论组对产品设计进行讨论和协商。在同一个讨论组中，基于实体实时通信协议，用户可以实时地感知其他用户对产品模型的修改。同时，建立了客户与设计人员之间的即时通报机制——在批注被修改时，设计人员会收到通知消息。     

产品性能计算系统集成框架及关键技术

产品设计中性能计算占重要的地位,目前其各种性能计算系统集成成为关键,以履带车辆性能计算系统集成为例,给出其实现集成框架与关键技术。采用Web Services 技术实现基于Web服务的性能计算集成系统。主要包括：服务端集成了不同语言实现的异构的性能计算软件,设计人员通过浏览器调用服务器端的性能计算服务程序。利用SOAP协议进行服务请求和传递计算结果,采用WSDL描述服务。软件应用结果表明该系统是有效的。     

Language Brokering: Stimulating Creativity during the Concept Development Phase

To improve product styling and ergonomics, a growing number of companies are exploring new ways to involve design consultants in their innovation processes. Many studies have underlined the importance of designers in the innovation processes of successful companies, and some designers have achieved ‘superstar’ status. By capturing, recombining and integrating socio‐cultural knowledge and product semantics across social and industrial settings, designers can help create breakthrough product meanings. The relationship between briefs written by managers and solutions developed by designers is quite complex. Very often managers are unable to appropriately communicate and commercialize new products and services conceptualized by designers because they know only the final output of the innovation process rather than its entire story. The Language Brokering Process can enrich the dialectic between managers and designers, and consequently, it can improve both current and future innovation projects. This methodology elucidates the structure and process adopted by several designers and also illustrates an effective framework for communicating choices to managers. We present results from a student application of this methodology in the development of a new product‐service system for Aquarius (a brand of the Coca‐Cola Group) for two target demographics: ‘desperate housewives’ and ‘young adults’.     

基于Pi-演算的BPEL4WS Web服务组合形式化模型

Web服务组合研究领域的一个重要的问题是如何形式化描述Web服务组合，如何验证服务组合的正确性。Web服务组合的形式化模型来可以用来检查、验证Web服务组合以保证组合的正确性。Pi-演算是一种适合于Web服务组合建模的进程代数。本文介绍了P-演算的基本语法，针对目前最主要的一种描述和执行基于工作流模式的Web服务组合的规范-Web服务商业流程执行语言（Business Process Execution Language for Web Services，BPEL4WS），定义了Pi-演算和BPEL4WS之间的概念映射，并给出了BPEL4WS的基于P-演算的形式化模型，最后通过一个案例给出了模型验证的方法。     

A perceptual evaluation of grating frequencies and velocities in the analysis of dynamic images

Dynamic images that possess beauty and are user-friendly can increase the use of digital technology. In addition to information conveyance, dynamic images also act as a communication bridge in the human–machine interface. Dynamic images are widely used in the application of digital media. Therefore, understanding the visual effects of dynamic images on viewers is a very important issue. From a visual communication design perspective, dynamic images influence not only image quality, but also the viewers’ perception and impression of the displayed image. In the contemporary age characterized by universal usage of dynamic images, designers should attain synchronized knowledge and understanding of relevant media technology so as to present preferred design quality in the management of digital design such as animation design, Web page design, multimedia design, and so on. The current study noted that psychological effects such as viewers’ visual attention, preferences, and understanding were more important than image quality. Therefore, this study adopted the viewpoint of “visual design” and conducted a perceptual evaluation of grating frequency and grating velocity. The pair-comparison method and scale method were adopted in the research methodology to simplify perceptual evaluations and enhance their validity. The purpose of this study was: (1) To propose recommendations for displaying dynamic images and improving image performance using perceptual evaluation methods. (2) To examine the influence of psychological factors on viewer’s comfort when they experience dynamic images. (3) To identify the best grating feature combinations that meet viewer’s psychological characteristics and propose recommendations for dynamic images design. The study concludes that it is useful to establish criteria for evaluating users’ perception and to, develop perceptual evaluations of dynamic images. It is recommended that designers find a balance between watching a moving imaging display “clearly” and watching it “comfortably” for successful reception by the viewer.     

一种自动化的Web服务语义注释方法

分析了XML Schema和DAML文档，发掘二者在组成结构上的相似性，提出了一种联系WSDL文件和DAML本体描述文件的中间数据模型，通过将XML Schema格式的WSDL文件和DAML描述的本体文件映射到这种公共的数据模型上，使二者可以进行比较匹配，从而为自动化的语义注释提供支持。实验结果证明，该方法能为Web服务描述文件自动地添加语义信息。     

大规模定制下基于本体的服务产品配置研究*

为了研究服务产品大规模定制的实现,探讨了服务产品大规模定制的实现机理和关键技术,指出模块化设计对服务产品族及服务产品平台的重要性。在服务产品模块化设计的基础上,为了提高服务产品配置知识的共享性和重用性,提出了一般服务产品配置的模型和概念,结构化了服务产品配置的构件和模块,建立了服务产品配置本体。采用网络本体语言OWL形式化服务产品配置的结构知识,采用语义网规则语言SWRL编码服务产品配置的约束知识,并分别映射到JESS推理系统的知识库和规则库中,使用JESS推理机执行推理过程,产生配置结果。为说明该方法的     

Phone‐Web: Accessing WWW using a telephone set

In order to provide a ubiquitous, comprehensive and versatile service on the WWW the development of a WWW telephone browsing system named Phone‐Web is proposed. This Phone‐Web browser system would act as an intermediary between the telephone user and Web sites, thereby facilitating access to the WWW from any phone. The Phone‐Web system would filter Web page information and then convert it into speech format. Users of the Phone‐Web system could retrieve and hear information stored on WWW servers by using telephone handsets. For this system to work it requires a new hypertext language “Hyper Phone Markup Language” (HPML) and a dedicated Phone‐Web browser. By using the proposed HPML language, Web page designers can easily specify service information in a set of HPML pages, which would be included in the site they are designing. The Phone‐Web browser would be capable of retrieving and then converting the HPML pages into speech patterns. By connecting to the Phone‐Web browser, telephone users can access any information on any site using the HPML language from any telephone anywhere in the world. However, HPML‐specified pages can also be accessed using existing browsers (e.g., Netscape Navigator, Microsoft Internet Explorer, etc.) This means that both telephone and computer users can now access the same set of Web pages to retrieve the same information. Therefore, instead of maintaining the existing two systems (access via the telephone or computer) service providers can now maintain one system, which would provide a versatile, and comprehensive service for users at all levels of Web‐literacy. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Sketching Tangible Interfaces: Creating an Electronic Palette for the Design Community

Until very recently, the typical home computer user accessed the machine's software and processing capabilities solely through the physical interfaces of a mouse, keyboard, and monitor. Everyone, from software designers to industrial designers to Web site designers, relied on these elements to be the physical-interaction method that users employed to access their product. Today, interface designers can no longer assume that the interaction between a user and a digital interface occurs only, or most effectively, through traditional devices such as keyboards, mice, and number pads. Tangible interfaces and ubiquitous-computing technologies are changing the human relationship to computing technology, and designers must take this into account when creating products and services. In this article the authors describe some of the tools available for this purpose, including proprietary, open-source, and custom solutions.     

Can eye movements be effectively measured to assess product design?: Gender differences should be considered

This study investigates the relationship between eye movements and user emotional response to product features using eighteen product images as stimuli. The stimuli are composed of unpleasant, neutral and pleasant images. Regarding the emotional design, gender difference could be a major factor that should be taken into consideration. A task-free eye-tracking experiment was conducted in which forty participants (20 males and 20 females, mean age = 35.6, SD = 6.38, range 21–48 years) looked at randomly displayed product images. The eye movements of participants were measured while viewing product images. After viewing stimuli, participants rated immediately their emotional response to the product images on a seven-point scale. The results revealed that stimuli category and gender difference, caused different variations in fixation count, fixation duration, pupil diameter, and hit ratio. For stimuli category, participants have larger fixation count, fixation duration, pupil diameter, and hit ratio in response to pleasant and neutral product images than unpleasant product images. For gender difference, the results indicated that females provided larger scores in fixation count and fixation duration, but a smaller score in hit ratio in all stimuli than that provided by males. However, the measurement of pupil diameter yielded different results. The results showed that females provided larger pupil diameter in pleasant and neutral product images but a smaller pupil diameter in unpleasant product images than that provided by males, which is consistent with the result of subjective ratings.Relevance to industryThese findings could enable industrial counselors, product designers, and academics to categorize emotional response that can be subsequently incorporated into final product design. An understanding of gender-based processing differences of product features is important to designers since it enables them to communicate with these different market segments and to produce effective products for each segment.