共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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工业生产中Pd/C催化剂失活原因研究 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
采用ICP。XRD。SEM。EDX比表面测定。S含量测定等测试手段对仪征化纤公司化工厂1997年2月至1999年9月使用的4批加氢催化剂进行了全面的分析,找出了4批催化剂失活原因分别为Pd流失。S中毒。催化剂破碎。并根据具体情况提出了延长Pd/C催化剂使用寿命的方法及措施。 相似文献
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对不同使用时间的工业催化剂HgCl_2/C进行了各种比较测试,诸如比表面,活性组份,积炭,以及催化剂表面吸附组份的化学分析。由此得到活性组份与寿命,转化率与使用时间,以及转化率与活性组份间的关联。本文还提出了用于工业生产中活性组份含量测定的新方法。 相似文献
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硝基苯催化加氢合成对氨基苯酚工艺研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用Pt/C作为催化剂对硝基苯选择加氢合成对氨基苯酚进行了研究,考察了温度、酸度、反应时间、压力、催化剂等因素对反应的影响,确定了反应的优化条件。在反应温度75℃、压力2.45kPa、硫酸浓度13%、反应时间4h的条件下,用2%Pt/C催化加氢还原硝基苯可获得较高质量的产物对氨基苯酚。 相似文献
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总结了Pd C催化剂失活的原因及采取的措施。高压蒸汽压力波动较大 ,产品色度偏低 ,浆料浓度过高 ,循环溶剂质量超标等损坏了催化剂。加强对高压蒸汽压力、产品色度及脱离子水质量的监控 ;开发新软件技术控制配料 ,用在线高温高压水洗、碱洗 ,低温碱液浸泡等方法恢复催化剂活性。在更换新型Pd C后 ,其收率已达到 33tPTA kg催化剂 相似文献
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Yan Liu Shigenori Mitsushima Ken-ichiro Ota Nobuyuki Kamiya 《Electrochimica acta》2006,51(28):6503-6509
The electro-oxidation of dimethyl ether (DME) on PtMe/Cs (Me = Ru, Sn, Mo, Cr, Ni, Co, and W) and Pt/C electro-catalysts were investigated in an aqueous half-cell, and compared to the methanol oxidation. The addition of a second metal enhanced the tolerance of Pt to the poisonous species during the DME oxidation reaction (DOR). The PtRu/C electro-catalyst showed the best electro-catalytic activity and the highest tolerance to the poisonous species in the low over-potential range (<0.55 V, 50 °C) among the binary electro-catalysts and the Pt/C, but at the higher potential (>ca. 0.55 V, 50 °C), the Pt/C behaved better than PtRu/C. The apparent activation energy for the DOR decreased in the order: PtRu/C (57 kJ mol−1) > Pt3Sn/C (48 kJ mol−1) ≈ Pt/C (46 kJ mol−1). On the other hand, the activation energy for the MOR showed a different turn, decreased in the following order: Pt/C (43 kJ mol−1) > Pt3Sn/C (35 kJ mol−1) ≈ PtRu/C (34 kJ mol−1). The temperature dependence of the DOR was greater than that of the oxidation of methanol (MOR) on the PtRu/C. 相似文献
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用Pt/C催化剂通过浸渍-还原法制备疏水催化剂 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
选择XC-72R炭黑为载体,采用改进的浸渍-还原法制备了2~3 nm高分散度Pt/C催化剂。研究了还原温度、还原剂、pH和甲醛用量等工艺条件对Pt粒径大小及分散度的影响,采用透射电镜和X射线衍射等对催化剂进行表征。结果表明,提高溶液pH和反应温度、增加甲醛用量均有助于得到Pt粒子粒径较小的高分散度Pt/C催化剂,较佳的工艺条件为:用乙二醇与水为炭黑分散溶剂,反应温度80~90℃,pH≈11,甲醛用量80倍于PtCl62-物质的量,可以制备Pt粒子粒径在2 nm左右的高分散度Pt/C催化剂。 相似文献
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Pt/L-zeolite catalysts have a unique activity forn-hexane aromatization to benzene. There have been proposals which attribute this to electronic and to geometric origins of the L-zeolite. Recently, the uniqueness of the L-zeolite support has been understood to derive from the ability to stabilize very small particles in a non-acidic environment and it has been proposed that a further stabilization against deactivation (by geometric constraint of bimolecular coke precursor reactions) is what distinguishes these catalysts relative to SiO2 supported small Pt particles. We have investigated the initial deactivation rate of four Pt/L-zeolite catalysts and a Pt/SiO2 reference during reaction ofn-hexane, neopentane and 2-methyl-2-pentene. In all cases, the relative rates of deactivation correlate with the apparent acidity (as determined by competitive benzene/toluene hydrogenation) suggesting that the deactivation stabilization may have an electronic component. 相似文献
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A novel technique based on intermittent microwave heating (IMH) is used to prepare highly dispersed Pt/C catalysts. It has been proved that more than 60% Pt on carbon can be prepared by one-step procedure. The average Pt clusters on carbon are less than 5 nm with very narrow size distribution. The catalysts prepared by the present method show better performance in low temperature fuel cells. 相似文献
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采用常规水热合成法合成了ZSM-22和ZSM-23分子筛,进而制备了分别含有上述分子筛的催化剂,并借助XRD、SEM、NH3-TPD和Py-IR表征了这两种分子筛和催化剂的结构和酸性,同时以正十二烷为模型化合物,采用固定床反应器研究了Pt/ZSM-22和Pt/ZSM-23催化剂上正十二烷加氢异构反应性能。结果表明,在这种模型反应基础上,催化剂的反应活性和选择性主要取决于催化剂的酸量和酸强度以及酸分布,相对而言,ZSM-22分子筛催化剂由于其弱酸和中等强度酸的含量较高,具有更佳的异构化选择性。 相似文献
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Pt/C催化剂制备方法的选择 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了以HCl酸洗、H_2O_2、浓H_2SO_4、HNO_3氧化处理后的活性炭为载体,用不同方法制备了Pt担载量为3%的担载型Pt/C催化剂。TEM统计结果表明,HCl酸洗、HNO_3氧化活性炭为载体,甲醛还原法制备的催化剂分散度最高,平均粒径最小为2.2nm。FT-IR结果表明,HNO_3氧化处理活性炭,活性炭表面含氧基团明显增加。 相似文献
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Carbon supported Pt/Pb and Pt/Ru/Pb catalysts were prepared by deposition of Pb on commercial Pt and Pt/Ru catalysts, respectively. It was found that after addition of Pb, the catalytic activity of Pt and Pt/Ru for ethanol oxidation increased greatly, especially at high potentials. It has been shown that decorating commercial Pt and Pt/Ru catalysts with Pb is a simple and effective way to prepare carbon supported Pt/Pb and Pt/Ru/Pb catalysts for ethanol oxidation. The physical properties of the catalysts were characterized by XRD, EDX and TEM, and it was found that no Pt/Pb and Pt/Ru/Pb alloys were formed. 相似文献
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Pt与载体间的相互作用会影响到本征Pt纳米粒子的催化活性,不同Pt前体制备Pt/CeO2催化剂会使其表现出完全不同的催化性能。分别采用金属胶体粒子原位沉积法、浸渍法以及浸渍还原的方式制备了Pt/CeO2催化剂,通过X 射线衍射、程序升温还原、X射线光电子能谱以及高分辨透射电镜对催化剂进行表征,在CO氧化以及甲苯燃烧反应中评价催化剂活性。结果表明,胶体粒子原位沉积法制备Pt/CeO2催化剂,能够将优先合成好的Pt纳米粒子直接以金属态Pt0的形式负载到载体表面,且保证其高度均匀分散,丰富的表面Pt0很好地充当了CO、甲苯反应时的活化位点,催化剂表现出优异的性能;浸渍还原法中,Pt纳米粒子之间会发生团聚现象,同时部分Pt又以Pt2+的形式与CeO2之间形成了Pt-O-Ce相互作用,载体表面暴露Pt0含量的下降是催化剂表现出较弱活性的主要原因;浸渍法中,以Pt离子对Pt进行负载,Pt完全以Pt2+的形式参与到Pt-O-Ce键成键中,表面Pt0缺失,催化剂表现出明显的失活现象。Pt/CeO2催化剂中,起主要活性作用的是金属态Pt0,胶体粒子原位沉积法能够实现Pt0的直接负载,对于提高Pt基催化剂中Pt的利用率,降低Pt资源消耗都具有重要意义。 相似文献