散打运动员赛前训练对血清部分酶的影响

目的 研究负荷训练对运动员血清酶的影响。方法 测定散打运动员部分血清酶等指标，对运动员赛前训练的过程进行了监测，诊断和评定。结果 赛前大强度训练阶段ALT，AST，ALP差异均有显性意义（P＜0．05）；赛前大运动量阶段LDH差异有显性意义（P＜0．05），大强度训练阶段LDH，CPK，ASTM有显性变化，对抗实战阶段，LDH，CPK，ASTM和CKMB仍有显性差异。结论 训练强度不一样对运动员血清酶类产生不同的影响。     

散打运动员赛前训练对血清部分酶的影响

目的研究负荷训练对运动员血清酶的影响。方法测定散打队运动员部分血清酶等指标,对运动员赛前训练的过程进行了监测、诊断和评定。结果赛前大强度训练阶段ALT,AST,ALP差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05);赛前大运动量阶段LDH差异有显著性意义(P<0.05),大强度训练阶段LDH,CPK,ASTM有显著性变化,对抗实战阶段,LDH,CPK,ASTM和CKMB仍有显著性差异。结论训练强度不一样对运动员血清酶类产生不同的影响。     

肝硬化患者红细胞参数的变化及临床意义

目的观察肝硬化患者红细胞参数的变化及其临床意义。方法检测61例肝硬化患者红细胞（RBC）计数、血红蛋白（Ab）含量、红细胞比容（HCT）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）、红细胞体积分布宽度（RDW）,并与89例健康者（对照组）进行比较。结果与对照组比较,肝硬化组的RBC、HCT、Hb均显著下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）：MCV、RDW显著升高,差异也有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论红细胞参数是反映患者贫血及血液浓缩的一组重要指标,其参数的变化可以反映肝硬化患者的肝损害程度,对肝硬化的早期诊断和预后判断都有重要的意义。     

流行性出血热患者红细胞参数的变化

对３６例流行性出血热患者各期的７３份血标本作红细胞参数的检测。结果显示流行性出血热患者不同病期的经细胞参数，除红细胞平均血红蛋白量无明显变化外，其它各参数均有不同程度的变化，与其病程分期，病情严重程度有一定的关联，可作为流行性出血热的诊断和疗效判断的一个重要指标。     

银屑病患者红细胞参数变化及其临床意义分析

目的分析银屑病患者红细胞参数的变化特点。方法比较分析93例不同类型银屑病确诊患者和体检健康者红细胞参数检测结果。结果银屑病患者红细胞计数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(Hb)、红细胞比容(HCT)、红细胞体积分布宽度标准差(RDW-SD)低于健康者,平均红细胞体积(MCV)大于健康者(P0.05),平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、RDW-CV比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。红皮病型银屑病患者Hb、HCT,脓疱型银屑病HCT水平低于寻常型银屑病患者(P0.05),其他参数比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论银屑病患者红细胞参数水平与存在异常改变,可通过红细胞参数检测辅助诊断银屑病。     

网织红细胞参数在大细胞贫血诊断中的初探

目的探讨网织红细胞参数在大细胞贫血中的临床价值,以此鉴别大细胞性贫血,并辅助临床进行诊断。方法应用Sysmex XE-5000全自动血细胞分析仪检测急性失血性贫血组(70例)、巨幼细胞性贫血组(65例)、溶血性贫血组(42例)、肝病性贫血组(40例)、骨髓增生异常综合征组(28例)及健康对照组(63例)的网织红细胞参数,并进行比较。结果不同类型大细胞贫血患者组与健康对照组比较,急性失血性贫血组、溶血性贫血组、肝病性贫血组网织红细胞百分率(Ret%)明显增高(P<0.01),骨髓增生异常综合征组呈明显下降(P<0.01),巨幼细胞性贫血组的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);未成熟网织红细胞指数(IFR)明显升高(P<0.01)。急性失血性贫血组、溶血性贫血组,巨幼细胞性贫血组和骨髓增生异常综合征组低荧光强度网织红细胞比率(LFR)明显下降(P<0.01)。除肝细胞贫血组中荧光强度网织红细胞比率(MFR),与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他各大细胞贫血组中MFR、高荧光强度网织红细胞比率(HFR)均呈明显增高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论网织红细胞及参数是反映骨髓造血功能的灵敏指标,网织红细胞参数在大细胞贫血的诊断和鉴别诊断中具有重要意义,具有很好的应用前景。     

流行性出血热患者红细胞参数的变化探讨

流行性出血热(EHF)是由汉坦(hantaan)病毒引起的自然疫源性传染病。临床以急性起病、发热、出血、低血压和肾脏损害等为特征。EHF患者各期的血象变化各种医学专业书籍均有报道,而红细     

红细胞指数及流变性在女子短跑运动员与普通女大学生递增负荷运动前后的变化

目的:检测分析递增负荷运动前后红细胞指数及流变性情况,观察红细胞的适应性变化,并以女子短跑运动员与普通女大学生作对照。方法:实验于2006-10/12在西安体育学院实验中心完成。①实验对象:实验组为陕西省体工队9名优秀女子短跑运动员,对照组为西安医学院15名普通女子大学生,两组平均年龄、身高、体质量等基线资料比较差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。②实验方法:两组受试者休息10min,然后在功率自行车上完成递增负荷运动,运动负荷从60W开始,转速为60r/min,每级负荷持续3min;之后,每增加30W为下一级负荷,直至力竭。③实验评估:分别于递增负荷运动前后采集指尖血和肘静脉血作为血样,测试红细胞指数、红细胞流变性及血乳酸浓度。结果:两组受试者均进入结果分析。①递增负荷运动前后红细胞指数的变化:运动前,实验组红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度和红细胞平均血红蛋白含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),两组红细胞数、血红蛋白、红细胞平均容积和红细胞压积基本相似。运动后即刻与对照组比较,实验组血红蛋白、红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量均显著降低(P<0.01),红细胞平均容积显著升高(P<0.01)。②递增负荷运动前后红细胞流变性的变化:与运动前比较,运动后即刻实验组红细胞变形性、红细胞聚集指数、血沉、血沉方程K值、红细胞电泳时间分别增加10%,3.9%,2.6%,19.3%,26.2%,升高幅度明显小于对照组(P<0.05,0.01)。③递增负荷运动前后血乳酸浓度的变化:运动前安静状态下两组血乳酸浓度基本相似(P>0.05)。运动后即刻和运动后3min,实验组血乳酸浓度显著大于对照组(P<0.05,0.01);运动后8min两组血乳酸浓度差异无显著性意义(P>0.05)。结论:①安静状态时,运动员红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度、红细胞平均血红蛋白含量是维持其较高血红蛋白浓度的重要因素。②运动员红细胞具有耐酸性及变形性相对较强的特点。     

26例青少年甲型肝炎红细胞参数变化分析及意义

目的调查甲型肝炎病毒(HAV)感染后青少年血液红细胞参数变化情况及与其它检测指标的相关性。方法抽取青少年甲型肝炎患者26例,配对对照组青少年26例,采血检测相关指标,统计采用t检验。结果甲肝患者红细胞平体积(MCV)较配对组降低,有统计学意义(P<0.01),红细胞平均血红蛋白浓度相似文献   

ICU培训在神经疾病专科护士培训中的应用与效果评价

目的 总结神经疾病专科护士培训过程中加入ICU培训内容的经验,以提高神经疾病专科护士培训效果.方法 对两批来自全军的共40名学员在为期3个月的专科培训过程中加入ICU临床学习2周,培训前问卷调查,培训前后理论,操作考核对照.学员回所在医院2个月后手机短信调查.对培训效果进行总结分析.结果 培训后学员在重症监护理论知识,护理技术操作和急救仪器使用熟练掌握方面均有了显著性提高(P＜0.05).培训后短信调查结果显示,ICU学习对学员的工作产生积极影响,占92.5％ (n=40),学员均认为专科护士培训加入ICU合理,占100％(n=40).结论 专科护士培训中加入ICU培训是提高专科护士临床业务能力的有效途径,科学高效的培训模式是确保神经疾病专科护士培训质量的有力保证.     

Concept of specialized training of nurses in anesthesiology and intensive care

The need in improving the training of medical workers necessitated the development of the concept of vocational training of nurses in anesthesiology and intensive care. The key points of this concept were discussed and approved as the basis at the Seventh All-Russian Congress of Anesthesiologists and Intensive Care Specialists in September 2000 in St. Petersburg.     

致敏红细胞和未致敏红细胞物理特性比较

目的研究致敏红细胞和未致敏红细胞形态大小及渗透脆性的差异。方法对健康献血者0型和Rh（＋）型红细胞用IgG型抗-D致敏后,与未致敏的相同献血者的红细胞用血细胞分析仪进行检测,比较两种红细胞的平均红细胞体积和红细胞分布宽度,用红细胞渗透脆性试验对二者进行渗透脆性比较。结果致敏红细胞平均体积大于未致敏红细胞（P〈0.05）,未致敏红细胞分布宽度大于致敏红细胞（P〈0.01）,致敏红细胞渗透脆性大于未致敏红细胞。结论红细胞致敏后在体积上大于未致敏红细胞,渗透脆性降低,可能与红细胞膜上血型抗原与相应抗体结合后对红细胞膜的结构和稳定性有一定的影响。     

Effect of long-term physical training on total red cell volume

Six months of military training elicited a significant 4% mean increase in total red cell volume (TRC) measured by the 51Cr-labelled red cell method. This increase was associated with a mean 16% increase in predicted maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). The increases in TRCV and predicted VO2max were inversely related to their initial levels. A statistically highly significant correlation between TRCV and predicted VO2max was observed (r = 0.59). The trained group had larger initial TRCVs than the sedentary group and the subjects who became well conditioned had a significant increase in TRCV, which contrasted with the unchanged TRCV in the subjects who did not become well conditioned. The greatest increase in TRCV (11%) was found in corporals, who had the hardest training. A statistically significant correlation between the changes in TRCV and estimated plasma volume was observed (r = 0.62), P less than 0.001). Owing the 1.8% increase in body weight the TRCV and predicted VO2max in terms relative to the body weight did not demonstrate the changes as clearly as did the absolute values. The factors affecting the TRCV increase are discussed.     

Variability on red blood cell transfusion practices among Brazilian neonatal intensive care units

BACKGROUND: Guidelines for red blood cell (RBC) transfusions exist; however, transfusion practices vary among centers. This study aimed to analyze transfusion practices and the impact of patients and institutional characteristics on the indications of RBC transfusions in preterm infants.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: RBC transfusion practices were investigated in a multicenter prospective cohort of preterm infants with a birth weight of less than 1500 g born at eight public university neonatal intensive care units of the Brazilian Network on Neonatal Research. Variables associated with any RBC transfusions were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: Of 952 very-low-birth-weight infants, 532 (55.9%) received at least one RBC transfusion. The percentages of transfused neonates were 48.9, 54.5, 56.0, 61.2, 56.3, 47.8, 75.4, and 44.7%, respectively, for Centers 1 through 8. The number of transfusions during the first 28 days of life was higher in Center 4 and 7 than in other centers. After 28 days, the number of transfusions decreased, except for Center 7. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed higher likelihood of transfusion in infants with late onset sepsis (odds ratio [OR], 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.8-4.4), intraventricular hemorrhage (OR, 9.4; 95% CI, 3.3-26.8), intubation at birth (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0-2.8), need for umbilical catheter (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.3-4.4), days on mechanical ventilation (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.2), oxygen therapy (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1), parenteral nutrition (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1), and birth center (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The need of RBC transfusions in very-low-birth-weight preterm infants was associated with clinical conditions and birth center. The distribution of the number of transfusions during hospital stay may be used as a measure of neonatal care quality.     

Effect of trauma-hemorrhagic shock on red blood cell deformability and shape

Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated a decrease in red blood cell (RBC) deformability in sepsis. This has not been studied following hemorrhagic shock. We tested the hypotheses that hemorrhagic shock, associated with soft tissue trauma, leads to decreased RBC deformability and that this is related to alterations in the resting shape of the RBC. Elongation index (EI), a measure of RBC deformability, was determined over a range of shear stresses from 0.3 to 30 Pa in 26 male rats before and at various times after 90 min of hemorrhagic shock. RBC resting shape was determined by scanning electron microscopy. The data demonstrate that EI decreased significantly at the end of shock (before resuscitation), and remained below normal throughout the 6-h postshock period. Eight of the 26 animals decompensated during shock, requiring return of a portion of the shed blood to maintain a mean arterial pressure of 30-40 mmHg. Four of eight decompensated animals died before the end of the study period, compared with none of the compensated rats. The decompensated rats had significantly lower EI at 0.3 Pa by the end of the shock period (0.050 +/- 0.009) than the compensated shock group (0.058 +/- 0.006; P < 0.05). RBC shape alterations were first demonstrated at the end of the shock period and persisted throughout the 6-h postshock resuscitation period. These data indicate that trauma and hemorrhagic shock cause RBC shape alterations and a significant decrease in RBC deformability, which becomes manifested during the shock period and persists for at least 6 h postshock. Additionally, a direct relationship appears to exist between the magnitude of the physiologic insult and the degree of RBC damage.     

红细胞膜表面黏附分子与红细胞寿命的相关性研究

目的 探讨红细胞寿命与其膜表面蛋白黏附分子的关系,以期建立1种检测红细胞贮存时间的方法 .方法 采集10人(份)健康无偿献血者的新鲜红细胞标本10 ml/份,应用Percoll密度梯度离心法将红细胞分成5个年龄(层),流式检测术检测各分层红细胞膜表面黏附分子CD47、CD44、CD147的表达量;应用SPSS统计软件对...     

Packed red blood cell transfusion in the intensive care unit: limitations and consequences.

OBJECTIVE: To review the literature on the limitations and consequences of packed red blood cell transfusions, with particular attention to critically ill patients. METHODS: The PubMed database of the National Library of Medicine was searched to find published articles on the indications, clinical utility, limitations, and consequences of red blood cell transfusion, especially in critically ill patients. RESULTS: Several dozen papers were reviewed, including case series, meta-analyses, and retrospective and prospective studies evaluating the physiological effects, clinical efficacy, and consequences and complications of transfusion of packed red blood cells. Most available data indicate that packed red blood cells have a very limited ability to augment oxygen delivery to tissues. In addition, the overwhelming preponderance of data accumulated in the past decade indicate that patients receiving such transfusions have significantly poorer outcomes than do patients not receiving such transfusions, as measured by a variety of parameters including, but not limited to, death and infection. CONCLUSIONS: According to the available data, transfusion of packed red blood cells should be reserved only for situations in which clear physiological indicators for transfusion are present.