含螺旋单元频率选择表面的宽频带强吸收复合吸波体

设计和制备了含螺旋单元频率选择表面吸波片的三层复合吸波体,上层和下层均为磁性吸波片,中间层为带缺口的螺旋单元频率选择表面.复合吸波体在总厚度分别为1.4,1.7和2.0 mm时,其反射率在-10d B以下的频带宽度分别达到了9.29,6.69和7.11 GHz,与不含有频率选择表面的吸波体相比较(其他参数相同),-10d B以下反射率带宽分别提高了159.5%,69.3%和129.4%,复合吸波体在总厚度低于吸波体时,也取得了更好的反射效果.带缺口圆螺旋单元的频率选择表面嵌入吸波体中,引入了额外的吸收频带,拓宽了吸波体的反射率频带宽度.仿真分析表明嵌入频率选择表面能够改善吸波体的阻抗匹配性,进而影响其反射率.     

基于电阻型频率选择表面的低频宽带超材料吸波体的设计

基于电阻型频率选择表面(Resistance Frequency Selective Surface, RFSS) 设计了一种低频宽带、 极化不敏感和宽入射角特性的超材料吸波体. 该吸波体的基本单元由开槽十字型平面超材料(Cave Cross Planar Metamaterial, CCPM)、 RFSS、 电介质基板和金属背板组成. 采用FDTD方法数值模拟得到的结果表明: 相比于单纯的CCPM吸波体、 RFSS吸波体, CCPM和RFSS复合结构吸波体低频吸收特性得到极大改善, 在整个1-5 GHz频率范围内, 吸收率大于80%, 吸收峰值达到98%以上. 数值模拟得到的不同极化角和不同入射角下的吸收率表明: 该复合结构吸波体具有极化不敏感和宽角度吸收特性.     

一种加载电阻膜吸波材料的新型频率选择表面

通常频率选择表面雷达罩借助其几何外形, 将带外信号反射到远离来波的方向, 从而实现隐身. 然而随着多基雷达反隐身技术的发展, 这种反射信号仍然可以被侦测到. 针对这一难题, 提出一种加载电阻膜吸波材料的新型频率选择表面. 该频率选择表面在低频工作带通内, 不仅对大入射角和不同极化电磁波具有稳定的带通特性, 而且在高频带外对电磁波表现出吸收特性, 可以将探测信号吸收掉, 从而大大降低被反隐身多基雷达探测的风险. 另外, 由于吸波材料的作用, 使得频率选择表面的栅瓣也得到了很好的压制, 降低了栅瓣对频率选择表面工作频带的干扰.     

抗方阻波动的超宽带轻薄频率选择表面吸波体

满足宽带、极化和入射角度稳定、轻薄和强吸收等高性能要求的电阻膜频率选择表面(FSS)吸波体设计难度大,且易因加工中方阻波动导致吸波性能变化.为此,本文首先分析了方阻波动影响电阻膜FSS吸波体性能的机理,提出抗方阻波动的FSS吸波体设计方法.在此基础上,提出利用不同层FSS阻抗随频率变化互补的扩展带宽方法,结合弯折小型化设计,获得了超宽带、极化和角度稳定的轻薄型抗方阻波动FSS吸波体.该FSS吸波体在TE和TM极化下,90%吸波带宽为1.50—20.50 GHz (相对带宽173%),厚度仅为0.093λ_L.TE极化波80%吸波的角度稳定性可达45°,而TM极化波90%吸波的角度稳定性可达70°.当每层FSS方阻在12—30Ω/sq范围内波动时,吸波体的90%吸波带宽仍保持在167.0%.实验测试结果与仿真结果基本吻合,证明了所提方法的有效性.     

圆环单元FSS对改善吸波体雷达吸波特性的影响

设计了圆环单元的频率选择表面（FSS）结构,并将该结构置于吸波材料中构成了复合吸波结构。利用谱域法对该结构进行数值模拟,计算出频率为2～16GHz微波波段的反射系数,并研究了圆环单元尺寸和排布周期对其吸波特性的影响。结果表明：当圆环单元FSS的单元间距为10mm,单元尺寸为3．3mm时,其共振频率的反射率由-8．15dB降低为-14．54dB,-5dB吸波带宽由1．2GHz拓展为3．05GHz;且随圆环单元尺寸增大,共振反射率增加;随单元排列周期增加,吸波材料带宽增大。结果表明,利用FSS可以明显改善吸波材料涂层的吸波性能,通过凋整相关参数可以获得所需的复合吸波结构,拓展FSS在吸波材料中的应用范围。     

基于超表面的旋向选择吸波体

近年来,基于超表面的完美吸波体成为了各国学者的研究热点.其中圆极化波的旋向选择吸波体更是在手性传感器和卫星通讯等领域有着广泛的应用.为此,本文提出了一种基于方形开口环结构超表面的圆极化波的旋向选择吸波体.该吸波器能够吸收入射的右旋圆极化波,而完全反射左旋圆极化波.首先从理论上分析产生旋向选择吸波的理论条件,然后在该理论的指导下设计出了符合条件的超表面单元.该单元由金属-介质板-金属三层构成,顶层是改进后的方形开口环金属结构,中间层是FR4介质板,底层是全金属板.对超表面单元进行数值仿真,仿真结果表明,该单元在7.2 GHz处可以选择性吸收右旋圆极化波而反射左旋圆极化波,并且保持圆极化波的旋向不改变.右旋圆极化波的吸波率达到了90%以上,而左旋圆极化波的吸波率低于19%.该方法不仅适用于微波段,而且可以被推广到更高频段,有望在卫星通讯领域得到广泛应用.     

S/X双频带吸波实时可调的吸波器

本文提出了一种基于频率选择表面(FSS)的双频带实时可调的吸波器,可以实时调控雷达散射截面(RCS). FSS的单元由带有缺口的圆环和弯曲的十字交叉偶极子组成.通过切换嵌入在单元中的PIN二极管工作状态,可以调控单元的谐振频率.同时设计了一种新型的偏置网络来实现FSS阵面的可重构,利用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)对单元的"开/关"状态独立编码,从而实现了对单元的散射场独立调控.利用单元工作状态编码,阵列RCS变化范围分别在S频带达到33d B (3.2 GHz),在X频带达到26d B (10.3 GHz).仿真分析和实验结果都证明了设计的合理性.     

基于电路模拟吸收体的宽带吸波型频率选择表面设计

设计了一种加载集总电阻的单极化低频透射吸波型频率选择表面(absorptive frequency selective surface,AFSS).该结构由二维有耗频率选择表面(FSS)阻抗屏和三维带阻FSS级联组成.利用集总电阻加载的容性FSS和高选择性的三维宽阻带FSS实现了超宽带通响应以及低剖面、高选择性特性.仿真结果显示设计的吸波型频率选择表面通带为1—3.5 GHz,吸波频段为6.6—11.6 GHz,通带与吸波频段的过渡带比为1.9.最后制作实物进行了实验验证,测试结果与仿真基本一致,充分验证了设计的有效性和正确性.     

基于电阻型频率选择表面的宽带雷达超材料吸波体设计

将多边开缝式电阻型频率选择表面 (frequency selective surface, FSS)与传统的磁性吸波材料(radar absorption materials, RAM)复合, 提出了一种新型吸波体模型. 在分析该模型材料结构和拓扑结构的基础上, 得到等效电路模型; 基于传输线理论获得该模型的反射率及输入阻抗. 采用CST仿真软件对电阻型FSS与无电阻型FSS进行对比仿真, 通过分析吸波效率, 结果表明电阻型FSS在8.7 GHz附近具有更加优良的吸波性能, 实物测试结果与仿真结果一致. 同时FSS复合传统的磁性吸波材料RAM 产生了拓频效果, 在8–15 GHz范围内起到全频段吸收.     

基于超材料与电阻型频率选择表面的薄型宽频带吸波体的设计

设计了三种类型吸波体, 分别为基于正方形金属贴片(square metal patch, SMP) 结构超材料吸波体、 电阻型频率选择表面(Resistance Frequency Selective Surface, RFSS) 吸波体和SMP与RFSS的复合结构吸波体. 采用FDTD算法分别对这三种类型吸波体的电磁波吸收特性进行数值模拟分析. 模拟得到的结果表明: 在整个2-30 GHz频率范围内, SMP吸波体, 通过几何参数的设计可以实现多频窄带强吸收; RFSS吸波体, 通过方块电阻的设计可以实现高频宽带强吸收, 但强吸收的带宽有限; SMP与RFSS的复合结构吸波体, 在3-25 GHz之间吸收率大于90%以上, 且宽频范围内与自由空间具有较好的阻抗匹配特性.     

Design of a tunable frequency selective surface absorber as a loaded receiving antenna array

An effective approach to designing a tunable electromagnetic absorber is presented and experimentally verified; it is based on an idea that an existing frequency selective surface （FSS） absorber is regarded as a loaded receiving antenna array. The existing absorber is effectively simplified by withdrawing half of the loaded resistors; a more compact one is obtained when lumped capacitors are introduced. Building on this, a varactor-tunable absorber with a proper bias network is proposed. Numerical simulations of one tunable absorber with 1.6 mm in thickness show that a wide tuning range from 3.05 GHz to 1.96 GHz is achieved by changing the capacitance of the loaded varactor from 0.5 pF to 5.0 pF. An experiment is carried out using a rectangular waveguide measurement setup and excellent agreement between the simulated and measured results is demonstrated.     

Design of double-layer active frequency-selective surface with PIN diodes for stealth radome

An experimental double-layer active frequency-selective surface(AFSS) for stealth radome is proposed. The AFSS is a planar structure which is composed of a fixed frequency-selective surface(FSS), a PIN diodes array, and a DC bias network. The AFSS elements incorporating switchable PIN diodes are discussed. By means of controlling the DC bias network, it is possible to switch the frequency response for reflecting and transmitting. Measured and simulated data validate that when the incidence angle varies from 0?to 30?the AFSS produces more than-11.5 d B isolation across6–18 GHz when forward biased. The insertion loss(IL) is less than 0.5 d B across 10–11 GHz when reverse biased.     

频率选择表面天线罩研究现状与发展趋势

由于雷达天线系统自身工作的特点, 他必须保证自身雷达波的正常接收和发射, 常用的隐身措施无法简单地在雷达天线隐身中获得应用. 采用频率选择表面 (FSS) 技术与天线罩技术相结合形成FSS天线罩, 可以使天线罩获得频率选择的功能. 即FSS天线罩对雷达的工作频段提供带通的传输特性, 同时改变雷达工作频段以外的雷达散射截面 (RCS) 特性, 可以实现带外隐身. 本文分析了FSS天线罩制备的基本思路, 综述了国内外FSS天线罩在结构设计、制造工艺等方面的研究状况, 并从多频FSS天线罩、智能FSS天线罩、厚屏FSS天线罩、 微型化FSS天线罩以及各技术的组合等方面对FSS天线罩的发展进行了展望. 关键词： 频率选择表面(FSS) 多频FSS天线罩 智能FSS天线罩 厚屏FSS天线罩     

Improvement on the wave absorbing property of a lossy frequency selective surface absorber using a magnetic substrate

An equivalent-circuit model is used to analyse the improvement of the wave absorbing performance of the lossy frequency selective surface(FSS) absorber by using a magnetic substrate,showing that it is possible to widen the wave absorbing bandwidth.Three pieces of magnetic substrates are prepared.According to the complex permittivity and permeability,the reflectivity of the corresponding absorber is calculated by the finite difference time-domain(FDTD) method,and the bandwidth of the reflectivity below 10 dB is optimized by genetic algorithm.The calculated results indicate that the wave absorbing performance is significantly improved by increasing the complex permeability of the substrate;the reflectivity bandwidth below 10 dB of the single layer FSS absorber can reach 3.6-18 GHz with a thickness of 5 mm,which is wider than that with a dielectric substrate.The density of the FSS absorber is only 0.92 g/cm 3.Additionally,the absorption band can be further widened by inserting a second lossy FSS.Finally,a double layer lossy FSS absorber with a magnetic substrate is fabricated based on the design result.The experimental result is consistent with the design one.     

An ultrathin wide-band planar metamaterial absorber based on a fractal frequency selective surface and resistive film

We propose an ultrathin wide-band metamaterial absorber （MA） based on a Minkowski （MIK） fractal frequency selective surface and resistive film. This absorber consists of a periodic arrangement of dielectric substrates sandwiched with an MIK fractal loop structure electric resonator and a resistive film. The finite element method is used to simulate and analyze the absorption of the MA. Compared with the MA-backed copper film, the designed MA-backed resistive film exhibits an absorption of 90% at a frequency region of 2 GHz-20 GHz. The power loss density distribution of the MA is further illustrated to explain the mechanism of the proposed MA. Simulated absorptions at different incidence cases indicate that this absorber is polarization-insensitive and wide-angled. Finally, further simulated results indicate that the surface resistance of the resistive film and the dielectric constant of the substrate can affect the absorbing property of the MA. This absorber may be used in many military fields.     

Tunable frequency selective surface with a shorted ring slot

In order to realize the tunable performance of a frequency selective surface (FSS), a new unit cell is designed in this paper by properly adding two metal shorts to the ring slot. Based on the spectral-domain method, the frequency responses of the FSS structure with two shorts per slot ring are analysed for both the horizontal and the vertical polarizations at the normal incidence. It is demonstrated that the presence of the metal shorts does not affect the resonant frequency of the horizontally polarized wave but doubles the resonant frequency of the vertically polarized wave. Therefore based on the analysis of the novel transmission properties, a new approach to adjusting the resonant frequency by rotating the FSS screen 90? is presented in this paper.     

一种性能稳定的新单元频率选择表面

通过对十字孔径单元的四个端点添加L形的孔径,给出了一种新单元的频率选择表面(FSS)设计,同时通过拆分,得到了相对应的拆分单元FSS.利用谱域法,对两种FSS结构从理论上进行了分析,在TE波入射时角度变化、大角度入射时极化变化对中心频率的影响以及通带带宽三个方面进行了研究,并采用镀膜和光刻技术制备了两种FSS结构的实验样件,在微波暗室中进行测试,得到的实验曲线与理论仿真曲线基本一致.结果表明：新单元的两种FSS结构的中心频率均能在TE波入射时实现角度稳定性和大角度入射时实现极化稳定性;拆分单元FSS的中心 关键词： 频率选择表面(FSS) 新单元 极化稳定性 角度稳定性