Corrosion behavior of Al-Zn-Sn-Ga alloy in NaCl solution

The corrosion behavior of Al-Zn-Sn-Ga alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution was investigated by corrosion morphology observation and electrochemical testing. The experimental results show that there exist three stages during the course of corrosion. At the initial stage, pitting occurs surrounding the precipitates, which is driven by the galvanic couple effect. At the middle stage, pitting rapidly extends toward the horizontal direction, forming the shallow circular structure caused by the deposition of Ga ions around Sn. At the final stage, the new active sites led to the continuous corrosion of the alloy.     

Corrosion mechanism of HVOF silicate glass coating in 5% NaCl solution

On the basis of good anticorrosion capability of silicate glass,silicate glass coating was sprayed by high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) and the corrosion mechanism in 5% NaCl solution was studied. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) ,energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) ,X-ray diffraction (XRD) and potentiom- eter were used to study the coating composition and corrosion process. The result shows that silicate glass coating is entirely noncrystallizable. Silicate glass coating has very low incidence of hole with compact structure. Electric double-layer can form at coating/solution interface and corrosive solution performs as a lead connecting the coating surface and substrate after permeating through glass coating. The corrosion mechanism of silicate glass coating is similar to that of glass and the entire corrosion process can be divided into some states. The whole corrosion process happens in glass coating without substrate basically. The fluctuation of the self-corrosion potential about glass coating in corrosion solution can help to research the corrosion process.     

Incubation and development of corrosion in microstructures of low alloy steels under a thin liquid film of NaCl aqueous solution

Electrochemical measurement,optical microscopy,and scanning electron microscopy were employed to investigate the corrosion behavior of some low alloy steels.The steels were held under a thin liquid film of 0.5wt% NaCl aqueous solution.It is found that the steels with the same chemical composition but different microstructures exhibit obviously different corrosion behaviors.However,the corrosum behavior of the steels with different compositions but the same microstructures may be suuilar in the present investigation.The corrosion rate of bainite is slower than that of ferrite and pearlite.The corrosion products of bainite are uniform and fine.The size of carbon-rich phases produces a great impact on the corrosion of the steels,whether in the initial stage or in the long term It is easy to induce large pitting for carbon-rich phases with large size,which damages the compactness of the rust layer.     

Electrochemical behavior of Mg-Al-Pb alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution

An investigation on electrochemical behavior of Mg-5%Pb alloy, Mg-6%Al alloy and Mg-6%Al-5%Pb alloy(mass fraction) in 3.5% Na Cl(mass fraction) solution was conducted using electrochemical measurements and corroded morphology observation, in which solid solution and the as-aged state of each alloy were compared to discuss the influence mechanism of lead and aluminium on the electrochemical properties of alloys. The X-ray diffraction(XRD) analysis was performed to make microstructure characterization. The electrochemical results indicate that the corrosion of Mg-5%Pb alloy is predominated by homogeneous pitting and dissolution of PbCl_2 film due to Cl ions attack, while corrosion crevice propagates along grain boundaries in solid solution of Mg-6%Al alloy and the micro galvanic corrosion also plays vital role in Mg_(17)Al_(12) phase containing experimental alloys. The co-existence of lead and aluminium in magnesium alloy increases corrosion current density and electrochemical activity as well. The comparison between solid solution and the as-aged state demonstrates that Mg_2 Pb and Mg_(17)Al_(12) somewhat increase corrosion resistance but lighten anodic polarization by facilitating corrosion product flaking off.     

Mg-Y4-Nd3合金的組織與摩擦磨損性能

研究了Mg-Y4-Nd3合金鑄態和T6處理(525℃固溶處理8 h,250℃時效處理16 h)后的顯微組織、力學性能和摩擦磨損性能。結果表明:鑄造Mg-Y4-Nd3合金共晶相分布在α-Mg固溶體晶界上,呈不連續網狀分布。經過固溶時效處理后,合金為等軸晶組織,共晶相基本固溶到-αMg基體中,時效析出沉淀相呈彌散分布。兩種處理合金的抗拉強度都隨溫度的升高而降低,伸長率均隨溫度的升高而升高,同溫度下,T6處理的合金抗拉強度高于鑄態合金。T6處理的合金在干滑動摩擦條件下,隨著載荷的增加,摩擦系數降低,磨損量增加,磨損機制由磨粒磨損伴有氧化磨損向剝層磨損過渡,在高載荷下磨損表面出現塑性變形擠出現象。     

Effect of Homogenization Treatment on the Corrosion Behavior and Mechanism of Mg-Y Alloys

The effect of homogenization treatment on the corrosion behavior and corrosion mechanism of Mg-Y alloys in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was investigated by electrochemical characterization,immersion testing and SEM observations.The diffusion kinetics model of Mg-Y alloy was established,and the homogenization system was determined.With increasing of homogenization temperature and time,the Mg_(24)Y_5 phase gradually decreased,which increased the self-corrosion potential and the high-frequency arc radius.The corrosion resistance of the five alloys could be given as follow:Mg-0.25Y Mg-8Y Mg-15Y Mg-5Y Mg-2.5Y.The Mg-(0.25,2.5 and 5) Y show localized corrosion in a wide range and small depth,while Mg-(8 and 15) Y showed localized corrosion in a smaller range and larger depth.     

Galvanic corrosion behavior of die cast AZ91D magnesium alloy in chloride solution

The galvanic corrosion behavior of die cast AZ91D magnesium alloy coupled with H62 brass, 316L stainless steel, A3steel and LY12 aluminum alloy of different areas in 3.5% NaC1 solution was studied. The free corrosion potentials, galvanic potentials and currents of these galvanic couples were measured. The galvanic effects were determined by the mass loss and regression method using three points. The results show that: (1) In these four kinds of couples AZ91D acts as the anode, whose galvanic corrosion behavior is mainly controlled by the cathodic polarization; (2) The free corrosion potentials of these four kinds of couples change a liffle with time and cathodic/anodic area ratio (CAAR); (3) The galvanic potential of AZ91D/LY12 moves positively with the increase of time and CAAR; (4) The galvanic currents increase with CAAR, but there is difference in the current change between different couples; (5) The anodic dissolution rate of the magnesium alloy increases by 2-3 orders after being coupled with these four kinds of metals and the galvanic effects of these couples have such a relation as γH62＞γ316LS.S＞γLY12 ＞γA3.     

The study of mechanism and kinetics of heat-resistance and corrosion resistance white alloy cast irons

Ｔｈｅｓｔｕｄｙｏｆｏｘｉｄａｔｉｏｎｓｐｅｅｄｏｆｃｈｒｏｍｉｃａｎｄｍａｎｇａｎｉｃｗｈｉｔｅｃａｓｔｉｒｏｎｓ (3.0 %Ｃ ;1.0 ,… ,1.1%Ｓｉ;0 .3,… ,0 .4 %Ｍｎ ;0 .0 5%ＰａｎｄＳ)ｉｓｃａｒｒｉｅｄｏｕｔｏｎｔｈｅ″Ｄｅｒｉｖａｔｏｇｒａｐｈ″ｉｎｓｔａｌｌａｔｉｏｎ ,Ｑ 10 0 0ｂｙＭＯＮｆｉｒｍｕｎｄｅｒａｔｍｏｓｐｈｅｒｉｃｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅａｎｄａｔｔｈｅｈｅａｔｉｎｇｓｐｅｅｄｏｆ 10°/ｍｉｎｔｉｌｌｗｏｒｋｉｎｇｔｅｍｐｅｒａｔｕｒｅｏｆ 96 0～ 975℃ (2ｈｏｕｒｓ)ａｎｄｃｕｒｉｎｇａ…     

Corrosion resistance of Molybdenum Nitride modified Ti6Al4V alloy in HCl solution

The Mo-N surface modified layer on Ti6Al4V alloy was obtained by the plasma surface alloying technique. The structure and composition of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy （GDOES）. The Mo-N modified layer contains Mo-N coating on subsurface and diffusion layers between the subsurface and substrate. The X- ray diffraction analysis of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy reveals that the outmost surface of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy is composed of phase Mo2N （fcc） and Mo2N （tetr）. The electrochemical corrosion performance of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy in 0.5 mol/L HCl solution was investigated and compared with that of Ti6Al4V alloy. The chemical corrosion performance of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy in boiling 37% HCl solution was investigated and compared with that of Ti6Al4V alloy. Results indicate that self-corroding electric potentials and corrosion-rate of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy are higher than that of Ti6Al4V alloy in 0.5 mol/L HCl solution. The corrosion-rate of the Mo-N modified Ti6Al4V alloy is lower than that of Ti6Al4V alloy in boiling 37% HCl solution.     

Electrolytic reduction of Nantong coal and model compounds with oxygenic functional groups in an aqueous NaCl solution

Electrolytic reductions of oxygenic functional groups (OFGs) on coal surface and coal model compounds with OFGs in an aqueous NaCl solution are studied by electrochemical methods combined with GC/MS, GC and FTIR analyses. Different elec-trode reactions, their corresponding potentials and dynamic equations during the processes are investigated. The results show that benzoic acid, benzaldehyde, benzalcohol and hypnone are reduced to benzaldehyde and benzalcohol, methoxybenzene and benzal-cohol, toluene and styrene, respectively, at the cathode. The corresponding electrode potentials and dynamic equations are deter-mined. The electrolytic reduction also leads to an increase in the contents of hydroxyl groups and aliphatic moieties and a corre-sponding decrease in those of carboxyl and carbonyl groups in Nantong coal, a high-sulfur coal, an enhancement in the flotation desulfurization of the coal. ER also reduces organic sulfur and FeS2 in the coal.     

不锈钢在NaCl溶液和海水中的腐蚀行为

用动电位扫描法测定了几种不锈钢在３．５％ＮａＣｌ溶液和海水中的阳极极化曲线。研究了Ａ７２５Ｍ０２Ｔｉ及Ｒ１系列的不锈钢在二种腐蚀介质中的电化学腐蚀行为，并与含Ｃｌ－的Ｈ３ＰＯ４溶液中几种不锈钢的腐蚀特征进行了比较。结果表明，在不同的腐蚀介质中，各种不锈铜的腐蚀行为不同，铬、铂、镍等合金元素对不锈钢的耐蚀性能有很大影响。几种不锈钢在含Ｃｌ－的Ｈ３ＰＯ４溶液中其极化曲线具有典型的活化—钝化极化曲线的特征，而在３．５％ＮａＣｌ溶液和海水中，除了Ａ７２５外，其它几种不锈钢极化曲线上的钝化区很小或没有钝化区．Ａ７２５，Ｒ（１０）及Ｍ０２Ｔｉ等三种不锈铜均出现点蚀的情况．     

Localized Corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of AA7003 in a 3.5 wt% NaCl Aqueous Solution

The microstructure,localized corrosion (LC) and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of 7003 aluminum alloy (AA7003) under various aging treatments (peak aging (PA),double peak aging (DPA),regression and re-aging (RRA)) were investigated by means of transmission electron microscope (TEM),scanning electron microscopy (SEM),electrochemical impendence spectroscopy (EIS) and slow strain rate tensile test.The results of TEM showed a discontinuous distribution of grain boundary precipitates of AA7003 under DPA and RRA treatments,which is beneficial for increasing the resistance of LC and SCC.Meanwhile,LC was found initiating firstly on intermetallics which caused the dissolution of surrounding matrix,then pitting holes were formed and developed into matrix.In addition,the SCC process of AA7003 could be divided into two stages,i e,initial pre-cracking and breeding cracking.The EIS analysis,cross-section morphologies and fracture surfaces of specimens indicated that DPA and RRA treatments significantly decreased the crack growth rate during breeding cracking stage,especially for RRA treatment.     

Effects of current density on the corrosion behaviour of anodized aluminum alloy in FeCl3 solution

In the present study,2024 aluminum alloy specimen was anodized in acetic acid and oxalic acid electrolytcs.Effects of the currcnt dcnsity on thc microstructure and corrosion resistance of anodic oxide ...     

Ion specificity in NaCl solution confined in silicon nanochannels

Ion specificity of Na+and Cl ions for NaCl solution confined in silicon nanochannels is investigated with molecular dynamics(MD)simulations.The MD simulation results demonstrate that ion specificity for Na+and Cl ions exhibits clearly in nanochannels with high surface charge density.The two types of ions show different density distributions perpendicular to the channel surface due to the ion specificity when they act as counterions near negatively and positively charged surfaces,respectively.Both the two counterion distributions cannot be predicted by Poisson-Boltzmann equation within 0.75 nm near the surface.In addition,the ion specificity is also demonstrated through affecting the water density distributions.In the nanochannel with negatively charged surfaces,the presence of the Na+ions reduces the number of water peaks in water density distribution profile.In comparison,when the Cl ions act as counterions near positively charged surfaces,they do not affect the number of the water peaks.Besides the influence on the water density distribution,ion specificity also exhibits through affecting the water molecule orientation in the adsorbed layer.It is found that Cl ions make the water molecules in the adsorbed layer align more orderly than Na+ions do when the two types of ions act as the counterions near the positively and negatively charged surfaces with the same surface charge density.     

Corrosion products of reverse crevice corrosion of copper

Open-circuit potential measurements and Raman spectroscopy were used to investigate the reverse crevice corrosion phenomenon and its corresponding corrosion products. With the aid of these techniques, the existence of reverse-crevice corrosion in copper was verified, i.e., while the surface of a crevice was corrosion free, the outside surface of the copper was attacked. The processes associated with this phe-nomenon were classified into three phases, and different compositions of the corrosion products were...     

铝碱蚀废液再生及铝的回收

铝型材表面处理工艺产生的碱蚀度液可采用晶种分解法回收氢氧化铝,实现再生碱液的循环使用。     

NaCl 溶液中回收AZ31 镁合金的腐蚀和电化学特性

利用熔炼工艺,将回收镁合金型材(RMA)进行了制备。在回收过程中,添加适量的Al、MnCl_2,最终得到合金AZ31,其中各元素质量分数如下:Al 3.31%、Zn 0.82%、Mn 0.27%、Fe 0.002%、Cu 0.004%、Ni 0.000 7%,剩余为Mg。研究了RMA的结构、在NaCl溶液中的腐蚀和电化学特性,并与商业化镁合金(CMA)进行了对比。X射线衍射仪和金相显微镜表明, RMA和CMA主要由镁基底组成,另外还有少量的Mg_(17)Al_(12)第二相。在NaCl溶液中进行的腐蚀试验和电化学特性研究表明, RMA抗腐蚀特性差于CMA,这可能与RMA中有更多的第二相有关。将两种合金作为镁电池原型器件的负极材料,进行放电性能测试。结果表明, RMA的放电时间和放电容量优于CMA。当NaCl电解质溶液浓度从0.6 mol/L增加至0.9 mol/L时,两种合金材料的放电时间和放电容量都得到了增加。     

Durability of asphalt mixture in different corrosion solution

The corrosion to asphalt mixture under different kinds of corrosion solution, such as pH=2 solution, pH=12 solution, pH = 12 solution and 10% Na₂SO₄ solution, was studied. The performance attenuation of asphalt mixture was analyzed under the normal environment and the freeze-thaw environment, and the analysis was given on the sensitivity of the test results to the evaluation index. The experimental results show that the performance of asphalt mixture is attenuated faster under the acidic solution, alkaline solution and sulfate solution. Corrosion factor K _c, freeze-thaw corrosion factor K _f, and freeze-thaw effect factor K _fc are proposed to evaluate asphalt mixture resistance to corrosion in different kinds of corrosion solution. The values of K _c and K _fc decrease with the increasing of corrosion time. The change rule of K _f show that the rate of corrosion is decreased by the action of freeze-thaw in acidic solution and in alkaline solution, but is increased by the action of freeze-thaw in sulfate solution. The microscopic analysis indicates that acid solution reacts with aggregate of asphalt mixture, alkaline solution reacts with asphalt cement of asphalt mixture, the surface tension of sulfate solution and crystallization of sulfate are the main reasons which weak the performance of asphalt mixture.     

Behavior of stress corrosion cracking in a magnesium alloy

Slow strain rate testing (SSRT) was employed to study the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of ZE41 magnesium alloy in 0.01 M NaCl solution. Smooth tensile specimens with different thicknesses were strained dynamically in both longitudinal and transverse direction under permanent immersions at a strain rate of 10⁻⁶ s⁻¹. It is found that ZE41 magnesium alloy is susceptible to SCC in 0.01 M NaCl solution. The SCC susceptibility of the thinner specimen is lower than that of the thicker specimen. Also, the longitudinal specimens are slightly more susceptible to SCC than the transverse specimens. The SCC mechanism of magnesium alloy is attributed to the combination of anodic dissolution with hydrogen embrittlement. Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50771093)     

镁合金表面的腐蚀特性及其防护技术

从镁合金表面自然氧化的微观结构与形成过程入手,论述了其表面多孔 状的三层氧化膜造成镁合金基体表面容易发生腐蚀的原因,并详述镁合金表面的电化学腐蚀特性与腐蚀机理;从三个不同角度分析其独特的负差数效应,并用“部分膜保护机制”对此作出更合理的解释;讨论了阳极氧化技术及其在此基础上之上发展而来的等离子微弧阳极氧化技术,该技术可显示提高镁合金表面氧化膜的耐蚀性与抗磨性。介绍了包括激光表面热处理和激光合金化的激光辅助处理技术,它能对镁合金表面进行快速、局部的处理,提高材料的耐腐蚀性能和硬度,概述了物理气相沉积技术,它可为镁合金表面提供耐腐蚀性能、高结晶度和高强度。讨论了目前国内外最新研究的用于取代有毒的铬酸盐转化膜的稀土转化膜工艺的化学法;该方法具有操作简便、无毒无污染等诸多特点,可以明显提高镁合金表面的耐腐蚀性能,但机理研究有待于进一步探讨。