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对沸腾床渣油加氢柴油馏分加氢生产国Ⅵ标准柴油进行了加氢工艺试验考察。结果表明,以沸腾床渣油加氢柴油馏分为原料,在反应压力6.5~7.5 MPa、体积空速1.0~1.5 h-1、平均反应温度350~375℃、氢油体积比400的工艺条件下,精制柴油各项指标(除十六烷值外)可以满足国Ⅵ车用柴油标准。随着沸腾床渣油加氢柴油馏分馏程变重,加氢脱硫难度大幅度升高。建议生产国Ⅵ标准柴油时,控制终馏点不大于340℃,有利于加氢装置在较缓和的操作条件下实现长周期运行。需要加工馏程较重的沸腾床加氢柴油馏分时,建议按一定比例掺炼到现有柴油加氢精制装置或柴油加氢改质装置中,降低加工难度。 相似文献
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本文根据国家对汽,柴油质量的要求和呼炼的实际情况,通过对提高汽、柴油质量工艺技术的简要分析,提出了直馏汽油催人重整、催化柴油加氢精制是燃料型炼厂汽、柴油质量升级换代的基本途径的结论。 相似文献
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煤气化焦油加工制取汽油和柴油的研究 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:8
煤气化厂焦油杂质含量高,难于利用。经预处理脱除机械杂质、水分和沥青后,获得了原料油。将此原料油进行预饱和加氢、加氢精制和加氢裂化等一系列处理后,可获得符合国家标准的70^#汽油、0^#柴油和-35^#柴油。 相似文献
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四种木本植物油制取生物柴油的研究 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2
生物柴油原料成本是制约生物柴油商业化应用的主要障碍.麻疯树、光皮树、油茶、油桐主要分布于南亚热带和中亚热带,具有分布广、适应性强和经济产量高的特点,其果实或种子油均可作为生物柴油的原料油利用.为了筛选分布广、适应性强和经济产量高及价格低廉的原料,选择麻疯树油、光皮树油、茶油、桐油为原料油,以菜子油作对照通过正交试验筛选反应优化条件.结果表明,茶油、光皮树油及麻疯树油在以下条件:醇油比A((5~7):1),催化剂用量B(0.9~1.1),反应温度C(40~60 ℃),反应时间D(60~120 min)可以成功地制取生物柴油.最佳反应条件为:茶油A2B3C2D2;光皮树油A1B3C2D3;麻疯树油A3B2C3D3;桐油A3B1C1D1;对照菜油A2B1C3D2. 相似文献
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以精炼元宝枫油为原料、固体超强酸为催化剂,通过甲醇酯交换反应制备脂肪酸甲酯(生物柴油)。采用气相色谱法测定反应体系中脂肪酸甲酯的含量。应用正交实验法找出精炼元宝枫油酯交换反应的最佳反应条件为:反应温度60℃,醇油物质的量比6∶1,催化剂用量1.0%,反应时间80 min。在此反应条件下原料油转化率可达98.14%。放大实验所得的生物柴油主要质量指标已达到国家0#柴油质量标准。 相似文献
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通过利用浓硫酸作催化剂对酸值较高的乌桕油进行预酯化。预酯化后的乌桕油与甲醇在氢氧化钾作为催化剂微波仪中进行酯交换反应得到脂肪酸甲酯,采用单因素实验的方法来研究酯交换反应的最优工艺条件,酯交换反应温度为60℃,反应时间为3min,催化剂KOH的用量为1.0%(油重),酯交换反应的转化率为98.87%。 相似文献
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潲水油制取生物柴油燃料的研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
将回收的高酸值潲水油经适当的预处理后,采用“边通甲醇蒸气、边蒸馏回收甲醇”的酸催化工艺路线,便可使潲水油在制取生物柴油时所出现的反应转化率低的问题得以克服.然后将反应物静置分层,并将上层进行中和、盐洗、水洗得到粗品.最后在(0.09~-0.085 MPa)的真空度下,收集170~210 ℃的馏分,所得到的生物柴油0#柴油的技术指标相当.它是一种可再生的清洁能源. 相似文献
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RFCC柴油非加氢精制技术及其应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用多种非加氢手段对RFCC柴油进行精制。在油品中加入少量酚类或胺类物质能终止自 由基链反应;某些活性固体物质对碱性氮有良好的吸附能力;在极性环境中能进一步萃取含氮、硫杂质。 四种复合非加氢技术精制的柴油指标达GB252-2000标准要求。 相似文献
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以微米二硫化钼(micro-MoS2)和纳米二硫化钼(nano-MoS2)为催化剂,在一定温度(250℃)和一定压力(2MPa)下,在间歇反应釜中进行生物质油的催化加氢实验,考察了不同粒径二硫化钼对生物质油催化加氢效果以及它们对产物性能的影响。同时,与生物质油催化加氢常用催化剂(Pd/C)进行对比,以期获得较佳的加氢催化剂。结果表明,在此温度条件下,nano-MoS2催化获得的精制油具有相对较高的H/C比值,由初始生物质原油的2.35增加到3.38;而Pd/C和micro-MoS2催化所得精制油具有相对较高的产率,分别为58.1%和55.7%。 相似文献
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Magín Lapuerta Monserrat Villajos John R. Agudelo André L. Boehman 《Fuel Processing Technology》2011,92(12):2406-2411
Hydrotreating catalysis is becoming a promising alternative to transesterification for the production of biofuels derived from vegetable oils. They have potential advantages with respect to both biodiesel fuels and petroleum-derived diesel fuels in terms of production costs, engine emissions and adaptability to current engine designs, but they have also some limitations which may restrict their capability to replace diesel fuels. Those fuel properties considered the most restrictive ones were measured on different blends of HVO (selected among the variety of names given to these fuels) with a winter ultra low sulfur diesel fuel (in 10, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, and 75 vol.%) in order to propose some blending strategies to optimize engine performance and emissions, to protect the engine components and to keep the vehicle operability. The results obtained show that the main restrictions are imposed by lubricity and cetane number, and, in case of cold regions, also by cold flow properties. A compromise between lubricity and derived cetane number would lead to a recommendation for low or medium HVO concentrations, and blends with concentrations above 50% would not be recommended. Density and viscosity would not impose direct blending restrictions, although the reductions in density could provide some economic savings and some flexibility to refineries. The loss of heating value per unit volume (and consequently the expected increase in fuel consumption) would be lower than 3% in blends up to 50% in volume. Finally, the sooting tendency of the blends is sharply reduced, indicating lower engine PM emissions and reduced need for regeneration of diesel particulate filters. 相似文献
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Wai-Lin Siew Yew-Ai Tan Thin-Sue Tang 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(9):1013-1016
The amount of bleaching earth required in the physical refining process of palm oil depends on the activity of the earth,
quality of the oil and final color specification of the refined products. The use of silica (Trisyl) in combination with bleaching
clay in palm oil refining has been investigated. The optimum conditions required for Trisyl and bleaching clay are 95–105°C
for a period of 30–40 min. Improvements in color performance for palm oil products are noted with the addition of small quantities
of Trisyl (0.06–0.24%) to the bleaching clay. Addition of 0.12% Trisyl to 0.4% bleaching clay improved the color of the refined
oil by as much as 1.7 Red Lovibond units. Lower phosphorus levels (18.4 and 16.9 ppm) were obtained in the refined oils with
an addition of 0.12 and 0.24% Trisyl, respectively, as compared to a level of 36.2 ppm of phosphorus when no silica was added
to the earth. Better color stability was also obtained with oils treated with Trisyl. An additional advantage was the reduction
in filtration time, leading to possible higher throughput in refining. 相似文献
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Physical refining of rice bran oil (RBO) with acidity between 4.0 and 12.4% has been investigated in relation to degumming and dewaxing pretretments. It appears that physical refining after combined low-temperature (10°C) degumming-dewaxing produces good-quality RBO with respect to color, free fatty acid, oryzanol, and tocopherol content. 相似文献
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描述了以废橡胶为原料,采用真空蒸馏分解法制成柴油和炭黑等产品的生产工艺。该工艺采用先进的密闭循环生产技术,其二次废弃物和废气量少,投资省、适应性强、能耗低,产品含硫量低。 相似文献
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印度的炼油能力从1999年开始大幅增加,截至2004年3月印度炼油能力为12 596万t,2003—2004年石油制品需求量为10 800万t,石油制品出口量和进口量为1 460万t和787万t,石油制品总体过剩。介绍了印度环保法规的修订对石油炼制技术的影响以及相应的政策和对策。 相似文献