一种低复杂度的差分酉空时调制多符号球形译码算法

该文提出了一种瑞利衰落信道下差分酉空时调制系统中多符号差分球形译码的改进算法。该算法在执行球形译码的最大似然度量搜索时,仅对具有较小最大似然度量的部分测试符号进行搜索,从而大大减少了搜索的次数,同时提出了一种逐项进行的最大似然度量计算方法,可以尽早发现超过搜索范围的测试符号并终止计算,在避免无谓的运算负担的同时得到所需的具有较小最大似然度量的部分测试符号。仿真表明,在适中的信噪比范围内,该算法在牺牲少量系统性能的基础上降低了超过50%的运算量。     

基于VCR模型的空间相关信道下V-BLAST系统性能分析

本文研究了空间相关信道下V-BLAST系统的最大似然检测性能.本文的分析基于VCR信道模型,它可以描述本地相关和非本地相关同时存在的情形.通过推导成对错误概率的精确表达式,得出系统误比特率的联合界,并利用成对错误概率在高信噪比下的近似表达式,研究了系统的分集性能,最后用计算机仿真对理论分析进行了验证.     

连续衰落信道下适用于酉空时调制的多符号差分球形译码算法

基于连续衰落信道假设,将一种具有递推形式的近似最大似然(ML)度量嵌入自动球形译码算法中,提出了多符号差分近似自动球形译码(MSDAASD)。该算法适用于一般酉空时星座,克服了准静态信道假设下多符号差分球形译码(MSDSD)的错误平层现象,具有接近ML检测的性能,其平均复杂度在大多数情况下低于相同假设下的判决反馈检测算法。     

Multi-h CPM信号的减少状态多符号差分非相干检测

针对多指数连续相位调制(Multi-h CPM)载波恢复困难且实现复杂度高的难题,提出了一种适用于Multi-h CPM信号的减少状态多符号差分非相干检测算法。该算法利用多符号差分信息进行分支度量计算的同时引入参考相位信号,实现了具有残留载波频偏校正的非相干序列检测,并且结合逐幸存处理技术,利用幸存路径上的假设判决信息减少了网格状态数。通过计算和搜索接收信号所有可能调制指数序列所对应的分支度量信息实现了调制指数的估计与同步。计算机仿真结果表明,与相干最大似然序列检测相比,该算法能够以较小的性能损失获得其实现复杂度的降低,而且当存在残留载波频偏时,该算法的检测性能也较为稳健。     

空间相关信道下酉空时系统的最大似然 多符号差分检测算法

 传统的酉空时系统,通常假设信道衰落系数之间相互独立,这个条件在实际系统中却很难满足,天线之间的空间相关性造成系统性能恶化.针对该问题,本文提出了空间相关信道下酉统空时系的最大似然多符号差分检测算法.本算法只需获取每个观测窗口的第一个符号,以该符号为导频符号,其传输效率渐近为1,并且不要求系统具有反馈信道,算法中最大似然解的快速搜索可以通过球形译码来实现.计算机仿真结果表明:本算法可以在不明显增加开销的情况下,有效的提高空间相关信道下酉空时系统的误码率性能.     

基于正交训练序列的MIMO系统联合最大似然时频同步和信道估计

该文推导了多输入多输出(MIMO)系统中的符号定时、频偏和信道参数的联合最大似然(ML)估计。针对联合ML估计没有闭合的表达式、数值计算复杂度高的问题,该文提出了一种基于重复结构的正交训练序列的简化估计算法。该估计算法形式简单、复杂度低,且仍为最大似然估计。最后仿真分析了最大似然参数估计的均方误差与接收信噪比和天线数目的关系,并与Cramer-Rao界作了比较,表明了该算法的有效性。     

自适应减少复杂度的盲最大似然序列估计

 基于逐幸存路径处理原理和自适应选择幸存路径的思想,本文提出了一种自适应减少计算复杂度的盲最大似然序列估计新算法.通过分析和推导,给出了一种近似估计网格图最小欧式距离的方法,并利用该估计值对幸存路径进行取舍,在网格搜索中仅保留少数幸存路径来进行信道参数和发送符号序列的联合盲估计.理论分析和计算机仿真结果表明,对严重符号干扰信道,在较高信噪比条件下,本文提出的新算法具有较理想的误符号率性能和较低的计算复杂度.     

连续衰落信道下适用于酉空时调制的最大似然多符号差分检测算法

为酉空时调制系统设计的多符号差分球形译码(MSDSD)能以较低复杂度获得最大似然(ML)检测性能。但是,该算法基于准静态信道假设,当将它用于快衰落信道时会出现严重的误码平层现象。本文基于连续衰落信道假设,推导了一种ML度量的递推形式,并将其嵌入自动球形译码算法中,得到了的多符号差分自动球形译码(MSDASD)算法。该算法适用于一般酉空时星座,克服了MSDSD的误码平层现象,可达到ML检测的性能,其平均复杂度在大多数情况下低于相同假设下的判决反馈检测算法。     

多天线通信系统中一种自适应分组检测算法

针对多天线通信系统,提出了一种基于信道质量的自适应分组检测算法.该算法首先对信道矩阵作修正的选主列QR分解,然后根据各检测层的后检测信噪比与预先计算并存储在系统中的分组门限相比较的结果,将待检符号矢量分为敏感符号分组和可靠符号分组.对敏感符号分组优先采用具有接近最大似然性能的球形译码算法检测,在消除了敏感符号分组影响后,对可靠符号分组采用低复杂度的逐层检测算法.由于分组门限的设置依据后检测信噪比的统计特性,而后检测信噪比与信道环境密切相关,因此,该算法能够根据信道质量自适应调整敏感符号分组中的符号数目,从而可通过选择分组门限,实现对系统检测性能和复杂度的折中考虑.计算机仿真验证了该算法的有效性.     

空时分组码的差分检测和多符号差分检测

在介绍差分空时分组码编译码原理的基础上,给出了基于最大似然判决的差分检测和多符号差分检测方案,并对这两种译码方案的性能进行了比较。相对于普通的相干译码,这两种方案在发射和接收端都不需要对传输信道进行估计,因此具有较低的译码复杂度。最后,通过仿真结果可以看出相干检测、差分检测和多符号差分检测性能间的差异。     

Analysis of Single-Symbol Detectable Space-Time Block Codes With COD and GCIOD

In this paper, we present a simplified maximum likelihood detection metric for the newly emerging space-time block codes (STBCs) with generalized coordinate interleaved orthogonal design (GCIOD). We also derive the symbol pairwise error probability (PEP) and the union bound on symbol error rate (SER) for a space-time block coded (STBCed) system with single-symbol detection and rotated QAM scheme over flat Rayleigh fading channels. In particular, linear STBCs with complex orthogonal design (COD) and GCIOD are considered. Based on the theoretical analysis, the symbol PEP of the GCIOD codes is related to the transmit power, signal-to-noise ratio, and the rotated angle of the rotated QAM scheme. However, the symbol PEP of the COD code is irrelevant to the rotated angle. It is shown that simulation results match well with our analysis. Thus, the union bounds on SER can be applied to predict the performance of a STBCed system with adaptive code selection between the full-rate COD and GCIOD codes.     

Decoding, Performance Analysis, and Optimal Signal Designs for Coordinate Interleaved Orthogonal Designs

Space-time block codes (STBC) using coordinate interleaved orthogonal designs (CIOD) proposed recently by Khan and Rajan allow single-complex symbol decoding and offer higher data rates than orthogonal STBC. In this paper, we present the channel decoupling property of CIOD codes. A new general maximum likelihood method is derived, enabling the calculation of the symbol pair-wise error probability and union bound (UB) on symbol error rate (SER). Extensive simulation results show that the UB is within 0.1 dB from the simulated SER when SER < 10^-2. The UB thus can be used to accurately predict and optimize the performance of CIOD codes. Furthermore, a new signal design combining signal rotation and power allocation is presented for constellations with uneven powers of real and imaginary parts such as rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation.     

ML-based follower jamming rejection in slow FH/MFSK systems with an antenna array

The jamming robustness of frequency hopping (FH) systems with M-ary frequency shift keying (MFSK) modulation may be potentially neutralized by a follower partial-band jammer. In this paper, a maximum likelihood (ML)-based algorithm that uses a two-element array is proposed for joint follower jamming rejection and symbol detection in slow FH/MFSK systems over quasi-static flat Rayleigh fading channels. The algorithm is derived by treating both the received jamming components and the unknown data symbols as deterministic quantities to be jointly estimated in an integrated ML operation. In addition, an approximate expression for the symbol error rate (SER) of the proposed scheme is derived when BFSK signaling is employed in a jamming dominant scenario. Analytical and simulated results show that the proposed approach is able to remove jamming and outperform the conventional and sample matrix inversion (SMI)-based beam-formers in the presence of a follower partial-band jammer.     

DPSK信号多码元差分检测的低复杂度实现

本文提出了一种亲折ＤＰＳＫ信号的多码元差分检测方案,其复杂度随观察码元长度Ｎ仅呈线性上升,而Ｄｉｖｓａｌａｒ提出的最佳多码元差分检测实现复杂度随Ｎ呈指数上升＾［１］。分析与模拟结果表明：两者性能相仿。     

Quasi-orthogonal STBC with minimum decoding complexity: performance analysis, optimal signal transformations, and antenna selection diversity

This letter presents a new method to directly analyze and optimize symbol error rate (SER) performance of minimum decoding complexity (MDC) ABBA space-time block codes based on a tight union bound on SER. Additionally, a new signal transformation for rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation is proposed to provide better performance than the existing ones with lower encoding/decoding complexities. It is also shown that MDC-ABBA codes achieve full-diversity with antenna selection and limited feedback.     

Multiple-symbol differential detection for MPSK space-time block codes: decision metric and performance analysis

Approximately 3 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss is always paid with conventional differential space-time block codes (STBCs), compared with coherent STBCs. In this paper, a multiple-symbol differential detection (MSDD) technique is proposed for M-ary phase-shift keying (PSK) STBCs. The new scheme can greatly narrow the 3-dB performance gap by extending the observation interval for differential decoding. The technique uses maximum-likelihood sequence detection instead of traditional symbol-by-symbol detection, and is carried out on the slow, flat Rayleigh fading channel. A generalized decision metric is derived for an observation interval of arbitrary length. It is shown that for a moderate number of symbols, MSDD provides approximately 1.5 dB performance improvement over conventional differential detection. In addition, a closed-form pairwise error probability and approximate bit-error probability (BEP) are derived for multiple-symbol differential binary PSK STBC. Results show that the theoretical BEP matches simulation results well. The BEP is shown to converge asymptotically with the number of symbols in the observation interval to that of the differential scheme with coherent detection.     

Improved approximate maximum-likelihood receiver for differential space-time block codes over Rayleigh-fading channels

In this paper, an approximate maximum-likelihood (ML) receiver for differential space-time block codes is investigated. The receiver is derived from the ML criterion and is shown to mitigate error floor occurring in a conventional differential receiver very well. Because the receiver employs knowledges of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and fading rate, we study mismatched cases when these parameters are not accurate. It is shown that the receiver is more sensitive to the mismatched parameters when the fading rate is high. Then, a union bound on the bit error probability is derived. The bounds show good agreement with the simulation results at high fading rate and at high SNR. Finally, a modified receiver, denoted as multistage receiver, is proposed to compensate the so-called intrablock interference caused by the time-varying characteristic of the channel within a transmission block. The multistage receiver offers further reduction of error floor of about half order of magnitude as compared with an approximate ML receiver.     

Symbol Error Rate Performance Analysis for Generalized Coordinate Interleaved Orthogonal Designs over Nakagami-m Fading Channels

Space-time block codes (STBC) using generalized coordinate interleaved orthogonal designs (GCIOD) proposed by Khan and Rajan (IEEE Trans Inf Theory 52(5):2062–2091, 2006) allow single-complex symbol decoding and offer higher data rates than orthogonal STBC. In this paper, we present an exact closed-form formula (i.e., not in integral form) for the average symbol pair-wise error probability of GCIODs derived in quasi-static frequency-nonselective independent identically distributed Nakagami- \(m\) fading channels. By using the formula, a tight union bound (UB) on symbol error rate (SER) is presented. Extensive simulation results show that the curves for the UB are asymptotically tight with the simulated SER curves for various antenna configurations and different modulations. The UB thus can be used to accurately predict and optimize the performance of GCIODs without the need of time-consuming simulations.     

Performance analysis of maximum likelihood detection in a MIMOantenna system

We provide an analysis of the performance of maximum likelihood detection (MLD) over flat fading channels in a wireless multiple input-multiple output (MIMO) antenna system. A tight union bound with an asymptotic form on the probability of symbol error rate (SER) for MIMO MLD systems with two-dimensional signal constellations (such as QAM and PSK) is introduced. Using this analytic bound, the performance of the MIMO antenna system is demonstrated quantitatively with respect to channel estimation, constellation size, and antenna configuration