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摘 要 梯形聚硅氧烷液晶具有独特的稳定性、透明性及成膜性等优点,是一种性能优异的新型功能材料。本文综述了梯形聚硅氧烷液晶近年来的发展现状;介绍了梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的结构特点,根据液晶基元接枝到梯形高分子主链上的方式,将梯形聚硅氧烷液晶分为鱼骨形和划艇形两种;总结了挂接不同侧基的梯形聚硅氧烷的合成路线,包括梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷、梯形聚甲基倍半硅氧烷、梯形聚氢基倍半硅氧烷、梯形聚乙烯基倍半硅氧烷等;介绍了几种液晶基元不同的梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的合成;最后提出了几个梯形聚硅氧烷液晶研究工作面临的问题,并对梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的发展前景做出了展望。 相似文献
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梯形聚硅氧烷液晶具有独特的稳定性、透明性及成膜性等优点,是一种性能优异的新型功能材料。本文综述了梯形聚硅氧烷液晶近年来的发展现状。介绍了梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的结构特点,根据液晶基元接枝到梯形高分子主链上的方式,将梯形聚硅氧烷液晶分为鱼骨形和划艇形两种。总结了挂接不同侧基的梯形聚硅氧烷(包括梯形聚苯基倍半硅氧烷、梯形聚甲基倍半硅氧烷、梯形聚氢基倍半硅氧烷、梯形聚乙烯基倍半硅氧烷等)的合成路线。介绍了几种液晶基元不同的梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的合成方法。最后提出几个梯形聚硅氧烷液晶研究工作面临的问题,并对梯形聚硅氧烷液晶的发展前景作了展望。 相似文献
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有机聚硅氧烷-铕(Ⅲ)主客体包容体系及其能量转移荧光的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过原位包埋方式将稀土铕 (Ⅲ )离子作为荧光探针引入一种含纳米级管状空腔的新型有机聚硅氧烷 ,获得了一种有机聚硅氧烷 铕 (Ⅲ )复合物 .通过对该复合物进行的荧光光谱研究 (包括发射光谱、激发光谱研究及与有机聚硅氧烷 铕 (Ⅲ )共混物荧光光谱的对比实验 ) ,证明该复合物实际上是一种主客体包容物 ,即铕 (Ⅲ )离子被包埋在有机聚硅氧烷的管状空腔中形成超分子包埋体系 ,后者在紫外光照射下能发生一种典型的能量转移过程 :将有机聚硅氧烷吸收的紫外光转化为铕 (Ⅲ )离子的可见荧光而发射出来 .分子力学模拟为上述结果提供了理论上的支持 . 相似文献
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聚硅氧烷键合离子液体的合成及色谱性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
提出了一种基于聚硅氧烷键合离子液体(PSOIL)的气相色谱固定相的方法, 即首先合成γ-氯丙基聚硅氧烷, 然后通过氯丙基与甲基咪唑的反应合成了聚硅氧烷负载的离子液体, 并对其色谱性能及分离选择性进行了评价. 相似文献
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Hua-hua Zhao Huan-ling Song Xin-yao Tao Ge-xin Chen Ai-qin Wang Ling-jun Chou 《化学物理学报(中文版)》2021,34(3):309-322
The natural attapulgite (NAPT) was disaggregated by high-pressure homogenization technology combined with extrusion process to prepare the attapulgite with disaggregated rod crystal bundles (DAPT) and large specific surface area of 133.7 m2/g. NAPT and DAPT were incorporated into the silicone rubber to obtain the composite NAPT-SR and DAPT-SR by mechanical blending method, respectively. After thermal oxidative ageing at 300 ℃ for 0.5 h, temperature for the 5% weight loss increased greatly from 385 ℃ of the neat silicone rubber to 396℃ - 399 ℃ with addition of NAPT and DAPT. NAPT and DAPT enhanced the interaction between the filler nanoparticles and rubber matrix thus inhibited the nanoparticle agglomeration. The conservation rate of the side methyl group in NAPT-SR and DAPT-SR was greatly improved after ageing. Therefore, the thermal oxidative degradation and ageing performance of the silicone rubber composites was significantly reinforced. Moreover, DAPT could greatly restrain the growth of nanoparticles after ageing. Therefore, DAPT-SR showed the better retention of tensile strength (40.6%), elongation at break (34.9%) and tear strength (30.1%) compared with the corresponding mechanical properties of the neat silicone rubber (10.6%, 7.4%, and 5.0%) after ageing. 相似文献
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硅橡胶和氟橡胶作为国防、航天等重要领域的耐热材料一直被人们青睐,但其有着各自地优缺点且价格昂贵,本文尝试将这两种橡胶制成并用胶以解决氟橡胶不耐低温和加工性差的问题,以期增大其使用温度范围。采用机械共混法制备硅橡胶/氟橡胶并用胶,研究了硅橡胶和氟橡胶的混炼工艺、并用比、共硫化体系和硫化条件对并用胶力学性能的影响。结果表明,当硅橡胶/氟橡胶的质量比为10∶90,共硫化体系为3~#硫化剂/过氧化二异丙苯(DCP),一段硫化温度为170℃、硫化压力为10MPa、硫化时间为30min,二段硫化温度为200℃、硫化时间为6h时,并用胶的力学性能达到最好。 相似文献
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An investigation of dynamic mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of housing materials for outdoor polymeric insulators 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The present paper reports the results about a study of mechanical, thermal, dynamic mechanical and electrical properties of housing (weather shed) materials for outdoor polymeric insulators. Silicone rubber, ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) and alloys of silicon-EPDM are known polymers for use as housing in high voltage insulators. The result of dynamical mechanical measurement shows that the storage modulus of blends enhances with increase EPDM in formulation. It can be seen from the result of TGA measurement that initial thermal degradation of silicone rubber improves by the effect of EPDM in blends. The blends of silicone-EPDM show good breakdown voltage strength compared to silicone rubber. Surface and volume resistance of silicone rubber improve by EPDM content. The mechanical properties of EPDM such as strength, modulus and elongation at break improve by silicone. 相似文献
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剥离型硅橡胶/黏土纳米复合材料研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
利用层状硅酸盐制备有机 无机纳米复合材料是当前人们研究的热点[1,2 ] ,这类材料具有较常规聚合物 无机填料复合材料无法比拟的优点 ,可以明显改善高分子材料的物理机械性能、热稳定性、气体阻隔性、阻燃性、导电性、光学性等 .一般来说 ,聚合物 层状硅酸盐 (Polymerlayeredsilicate ,PLS)纳米复合材料可分为插层型和剥离型两种类型 .插层型纳米复合材料即聚合物插入到硅酸盐层中 ,硅酸盐在近程仍保持原有的有序晶体结构 ,在远程则是无序的 .对弹性体而言 ,硅酸盐含量在插层型杂化材料中的含量比较高 ,力学性能… 相似文献
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A novel phase-change composites based on silicone rubber (MVQ) containing n-octadecane/poly (styrene-methyl methacrylate) microcapsules were successfully obtained by mixing energy-storage microcapsules into MVQ matrix using three preparation methods. The effect of microcapsules content on thermal property of the composites was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The mechanical properties of the composites prepared by three methods were also investigated. The morphology and thermal properties of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry, and thermal response. Thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were excellent when the microcapsules were added into room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber with 2 phr (per hundred rubber) content and cured at room temperature. The composites were proved to have good energy-storage performance with 67.6 J g?1 enthalpy value. 相似文献
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多苯基三联苯有机硅化合物的合成及其对聚合物耐热性影响的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文通过Diels-Alder反应合成了1,4-双(2′,3′,6′-三苯基,4′-四甲基乙烯基二硅氧基苯基)苯(简称Ⅰ)和1,4-双(2′,3′,6′-三苯基,4′-三乙氧基硅基苯基)苯(Si称Ⅱ)两种新的多苯基三联苯有机硅单体,产率均为80%左右,并作了下列耐热性研究,其结果:(1)把化合物(Ⅰ)作为硅橡胶的热稳定剂,所得硅弹性体在300℃×150小时老化后,具有较好的耐热性和机械性能;(2)化合物(Ⅱ)可以做室温胶的交联剂,所得胶片在300℃×48小时老化,仍保持好的弹性。 相似文献
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Hydrophobic nano silica sol(HNSS)was incorporated into polyvinylmethylsiloxane to prepare reinforced high- temperature vulcanized(HTV)silicone rubber.HTV silicone rubber filled with 40 phr HNSS showed excellent mechanical and optical properties:the tensile strength reached 11.7 MPa and the optical transmittance was higher than 90%.Possible reasons for reinforcement and transparency were discussed on the basis of the bound rubber percentage,total crosslink density,and SEM analysis.Our work suggests that H... 相似文献
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The phenolic epoxy resin (F51) was siliconized by KH550 and the product was named as FKS. A hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (HTPDMS) which was modified with FKS was prepared. The siliconization reaction ensured a segment of siloxane on the side chain of F51. FT-IR and 1H-NMR were employed to confirm the chemical structure of FKS. Morphology observations revealed that the enhancement of mechanical properties of the silicone rubber systems can be attributed to good compatibility between FKS and silicone rubber matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the residual yield at 800?°C of silicone rubber composites increased significantly when compared with that of neat HTPDMS. The mechanical properties demonstrated that tensile strength and elongation at break of silicone rubber system increased distinctly after modification, especially when 30 phr siliconized F51 were added to the silicone rubber. Shear strength was improved gradually with the addition of FKS. These above observations emphasize the vital effect of FKS on the behavior of modified HTPDMS. 相似文献
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耐高温可溶性聚酰亚胺树脂及其复合材料 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
制备了2种耐高温可溶型聚酰亚胺树脂(PI-1, PI-2)及其复合材料, 系统研究了树脂的工艺性, 纯树脂固化物的热性能及其复合材料的界面形貌、 介电性能和力学性能. 研究结果表明, 树脂低聚物在极性非质子溶剂中具有良好的溶解性, 且熔体黏度较低, 表明其具有优异的加工性能. 两种树脂固化物在空气中的5%热失重温度均高于550 ℃, PI-1树脂的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为430 ℃, PI-2树脂的Tg为380 ℃. 石英纤维/PI-1和石英纤维/PI-2复合材料具有较低的介电常数和介电损耗. 碳纤维/PI-1复合材料在420 ℃下的弯曲强度保持率可达62%, 层间剪切强度保持率可达48%, 具有较优异的高温力学性能. 采用普通模压工艺制备了厚度高达45 mm的复合材料制件, 进一步证明这2种树脂具有优异的工艺性. 相似文献
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多苯基芳基类硅化合物作为硅聚合物热稳定剂的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文通过Diels-Alder反应合成了四苯(基)苯基三乙氧基硅烷及四苯(基)苄基三乙氧基硅烷,产率均为96%左右。并作了下列耐热性研究:(1)把两种化合物分别作为硅橡胶混炼时的热稳定剂,所得硅弹性体其热老化稳定性及机械强度均较好。(2)把两种化合物分别作为室温硫化硅橡胶固化时的交联剂,所制得的胶片在350℃老化10小时仍保持弹性。(3)两种化合物分别与H_3BO_3反应,制得耐热性硅硼树脂,是一种优良的耐高温涂料。 相似文献