High-precision thermal ionization mass spectrometry dating of young volcanic rocks by using U-series method

A high precision thermal ionization mass spectrometric (HP-TIMS) technique is used to determine²³⁸U,²³⁴U,²³²Th,²³⁰Th concentrations and their ratios in whole rocks and minerals separated from Quaternary Maanshan, Dayingshan and Heikongshan volcanic rocks of Tengchong volcanic field, Yunnan Province, China. The²³⁸U-²³⁰Th isochrons are given, yielding four age values (227±20) ka (D-1, Dayingshan), (79.6±5.5) ka (D-7, Dayingshan), (21.9±3.0) ka (h-1, Heikongshan), and (7.5±1.0) ka (M-1, Maanshan). The result is not only consistent with but also preciser than those measured by the K-Ar method and the alpha spectrometry U-series method, indicating that the HP-TIMS method is reliable and has high precision. Besides, a procedure of HP-TIMS analysis of young volcanic rocks in China is set up preliminarily.     

Precise timing of lacustrine gypsum in Luobubo, Xinjiang using the thermal ionization mass spectrometry U-series method

Dating techniques including gypsum dissolution in water, iron hydroxide co-precipitation with uranium and thorium and mass spectrometric determination have been investigated in this note. The ages of the gypsum samples in a CK core from Luobubo lacustrine sediments are in the range of (12.85±0.21) kaBP (4 m distance from the top core) to (153.2±7.2) kaBP (49 m distance from the top core) with the relative errors of ±1.6%–±4.7%. It indicates that the sedimental environment of the CK core was situated in the middle-late Pleistocene and Holocene periods, corresponding to 1–6 stages of oxygen isotopes in the abyssal sediments and included much information from last interglacial to Holocene warm periods.     

High-precision U-series dating of Holocene corals from South China Sea by thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS)

Using the isotopic diluting and thermal ionization mass spectrometric (TIMS) technique, the U-series dating procedure was established on the basis of measurement of national standard GBW04412. With this highly precise technique the Holocene corals from the South China Sea were dated. Comparison between this method and α-spectrometry was made. The results show that a thriving period of corals in the South China Sea appeared at 6 800-5 800 a BP, during which the paleosea level was the higher than at present in the Holocene.     

Detection of sialylated N-Linked glycans by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Native and methyl-esterified sialylated glycans were analyzed with 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone（THAP）and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid（DHB）as matrix by a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer（MALDI-TOF MS）.High quality negative-ion spectra of commercial sialylated glycan were obtained with THAP as matrix.Detection limit of the glycan was less than 0.1 pmol.After methyl esterification of sialic acid（SA）residue,sialylated glycans were detected sensitively in the positive-ion mode using DHB as matrix.Neutral and sialylated glycans from the mixture of asialofetuin and fetuin were methylesterified and simultaneously recognized in one manipulation.Methyl esterification of SA residue offers a convenient and sensitive way to identify the structure of N-linked glycans for glycan profiling.     

聚苯乙烯改性纤维素纳米晶体对聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯热稳定性的增强作用

采用原子转移自由基聚合(SI-ATRP)在纤维素纳米晶体(CNC)表面接枝聚苯乙烯,并利用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、热重分析仪(TGA)对改性前后的纤维素纳米晶体的化学结构和热稳定性进行了研究。测试结果表明,聚苯乙烯可成功地接枝到纤维素纳米晶体的表面; 纤维素纳米晶体的热分解温度由150 ℃上升到220 ℃,改性后纤维素纳米晶体的热稳定性得到提高。采用溶液浇铸法制备聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/纤维素纳米晶体复合材料(PMMA/CNC),并利用TGA、透光率测试对复合材料热稳定性和透光率进行了研究。结果表明,当温度达到350 ℃时,PMMA/CNC的热分解温度比纯PMMA提高了近150 ℃, CNC的加入量为1%时,复合材料的透光率为89%,接近纯PMMA的透光率(91%)。聚苯乙烯改性纤维素纳米晶体可用于在保持PMMA透明性的前提下更好地改善PMMA复合材料的热稳定性。     

岩石裂隙中非恒定渗流与变形耦合作用的DDA方法

由于渗流作用,会在岩石裂隙中形成非稳定流,非稳定流作为裂隙表面荷载会使岩体产生变形,变形又会影响岩土结构的渗流特性,从而产生渗流和变形耦合的作用.根据最小能量原理构造出单元DDA(不连续变形分析)瞬时平衡方程.编制了基于DDA的岩石裂隙中稳定渗流和不稳定渗流压力水头的有限单元计算程序,通过对实验结果与计算结果的比较,验证了计算程序所使用的数学模型的可靠性.地下水是影响边坡受力变形及稳定性的一个重要因素.通过对某隧洞破坏过程的模拟,用这种渗流-变形耦合DDA法研究了地下水对裂隙边坡稳定性的影响.模拟结果与实际发生的结果一致,验证了本文方法的可靠性.