高温超导体Bi_(1.6)Pb_(0.4)Ca_2Sr_2Cu_3O_y中的表面超导相

在 Bi_(1.6)Pb_(0.4)Ca_2Sr_2Cu_3O_y 样品中存在着110K 和85K 两个超导相,样品的零电阻温度为105K.磁化率、比热以及不同温度下的 M-H 曲线测量结果均表明85K 相为表面超导相,在样品中占有较小的体积分数.文中还报道了样品的H_(c1)(0).     

新型铁基超导体材料的研究进展

文章主要介绍了碱金属插层法合成新型铁基超导体的研究进展.通过采用碱金属K对FeSe层状材料插层的方法,得到了一种新型的铁基超导体K0.8Fe1.7Se2,并对该材料的晶体结构与物性进行了研究.结果表明,该化合物的超导转变温度达到30K,这是FeSe体系在常压下的最高超导转变温度.同时,观察到该体系中存在转变温度为43K的超导相,但未得到纯相.通过磁性元素Co的掺杂研究,进一步加深了对K0.8Fe1.7Se2体系超导演化规律的认识.该超导体的发现对深入认识铁基超导体的超导机理,探索具有更高超导转变温度的铁基超导体具有重要意义.     

氩气处理对Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_(1.2)Li_(0.8)O_x氧含量,晶胞参数及超导转变温度的影响

将用固相反应法制备的名义成分为 Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_(1.2)Li_(0.8)O_x 的2212样品置于氩气气氛中于不同温度进行退火处理,研究退火处理对其晶体结构,氧含量及超导转变温度的影响.实验结果表明,Tc 低于77K 的样品在氩气中退火后,T_c 提高,但2212相的相结构不变,氧含量下降,c 轴变长.退火温度为470℃ 时,样品超导转变温度最高(T_(c,onset)=111K,T_(c,zero)=96K).     

铁基材料 KxFe2-ySe2中一种可能的超导基态相K2Fe7Se8的发现*

铁基超导体的发现开启了探索超导材料的新一轮热潮。最新发现的铁基超导体 KxFe2-ySe2有着许多不同寻常的性质。此材料中明显存在相分离,材料中主要的部分是具有反铁磁性质的绝缘相 K2Fe4Se5,超导相只占少量体积。但是超导相在物理上很重要,因为根据理论计算,该材料中不存在空穴型费米面,这样该领域中被广泛接受的S ±配对图像似乎受到挑战。相分离的存在致使此材料中相关研究的难度非常大。该文介绍了此材料中超导相的探索和研究,确认了此材料的超导相是以三维网络状的细丝形态存在,并提出超导的母体相可能是每8个 Fe 位置有一个 Fe 空位形成的8×10这种有序平行四边形结构,称为K2Fe7Se8相。     

蓝宝石基片上制备双面Tl_2Ba_2CaCu_2O_8超导薄膜

在蓝宝石基片上,以CeO2为缓冲层制备了高质量的双面Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8(Tl-2212)超导薄膜。以金属铈靶作为溅射源生长了c轴取向的CeO2缓冲薄膜,并对CeO2薄膜进行了高温处理,有效改善了其结晶质量和表面形貌。采用两步法制备了双面的Tl-2212超导薄膜。XRD测试显示,薄膜为纯的Tl-2212相,且其晶格c轴垂直于衬底表面。超导薄膜的Tc为106K,Jc(77K,0T)为3.5MA/cm2,微波表面电阻Rs(77K,10GHz)为390μΩ。     

2英寸双面TI2212高温超导薄膜的制备与研究

在c取向的LAO基片上,采用两步法制备TI2212高温超导薄膜.首先,利用PLD在基片上沉积无Tl前驱膜,然后前驱膜在流动Ar气氛中利用坩埚技术在720～740℃温度下用Tl2223铊源外延生长成2英寸双面TI2212高温超导薄膜.实验结果表明:2英寸双面TI2212薄膜具有良好的c轴取向,并有明显的层状生长结构,有少量杂相晶粒但无裂纹;两面薄膜表面均匀光亮且呈深褐色.用四引线法测量的最佳双面薄膜的超导零电阻温度分别为106.2K和108.5K;在77K温度下,超导临界电流扫描测量仪得到优质薄膜的临界电流密度在1.0×106 A/cm2到4.8×106 A/cm2范围内;薄膜的微波表面电阻由一个介质谐振器在77K温度和10GHz频率下测量薄膜中心部分的Q值得到,其值小于0.5mΩ.     

Tl_4Ba_3Ca_3Cu_4O_y系统的超导电性和磁化反常

Tl_4Ba_3Ca_3Cu_4O_y 氧化物超导体中存在100K 和120K 两个超导相.测量电流为10mA 时,零电阻超导 T_c 为119K.DC 磁化结果表明:在77K 时不可逆场约为2200O_e,冻结磁通密度11.6G,样品是弱钉扎Ⅱ类超导体.Meissner 效应测量结果表明:Meissner 信号的61%是120K 相的贡献,39%是100K 相的贡献.超导体积的上限和下限的比较,不同磁场和测量电流的 R(T)超导转变以及磁化反常表明:我们的样品中存在着大量的弱连接超导电性,并构成邻近效应超导体,研究了它的日 H_(c2)(T).并由邻近效应超导体的磁化曲线演算出它的超导参量.     

YBa_2Cu_3O_(6+ε)中超导相和非超导相的结构

采用单晶 X 射线衍射研究了 YBa_2Cu_3O_(6+ε)晶体中正交非超导相和正交高 T_c 超导相的原胞结构.发现非超导相到超导相的转变与 O(1)的占据率大于0.5,相应ε大于0.6有关,并且超导相中 T_c 的提高也与 O(1)的占据率增大到1有关.O(1)的出现,使晶胞参数 b 增长,a、c 缩短,Cu(2)-O(2)-O(3)层畸变增大.我们用原子簇计算的结果说明了结构变化的原因,也用分子轨道从头计算的结果说明了 T_c 的提高.     

YBa_2Cu_3O_(6+ε)中超导相和非超导相的结构

采用单晶 X 射线衍射研究了 YBa_2Cu_3O_(6+ε)晶体中正交非超导相和正交高 T_c 超导相的原胞结构.发现非超导相到超导相的转变与 O(1)的占据率大于0.5,相应ε大于0.6有关,并且超导相中 T_c 的提高也与 O(1)的占据率增大到1有关.O(1)的出现,使晶胞参数 b 增长,a、c 缩短,Cu(2)-O(2)-O(3)层畸变增大.我们用原子簇计算的结果说明了结构变化的原因,也用分子轨道从头计算的结果说明了 T_c 的提高.     

Sr2RuO4超导转变温度附近c方向磁阻行为研究

测量了Sr2RuO4正常态和超导转变温度附近(T=1.5K,4.0K,6K)c方向的磁阻,通过对正常态磁阻分析获得了Sr2RuO4在温度4K和6K下的平均自由程.通过超导涨落分析获得了Sr2RuO4的超导特性参数ξab(0)和ξc(0).     

Vortex lattice in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ well above the first-order phase-transition boundary

Measurements of non-local in-plane resistance originating from transverse vortex-vortex correlations have been performed on a Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ high-T_c superconductor in a magnetic field up to 9 T applied along the crystal c-axis. Our results demonstrate that a rigid vortex lattice does exist over a broad portion of the magnetic field-temperature (H-T) phase diagram, well above the first-order transition (FOT) boundary H_FOT(T). The results also provide evidence for the vortex lattice melting and vortex liquid decoupling phase transitions, occurring above the H_FOT(T).     

Phase diagram of Fe(1−x)CoxCl2; a random mixture of two antiferromagnets with competing spin anisotropies

Concentration vs transition temperature phase diagram of a random mixture of two anisotropic antiferromagnets, FeCl₂ and CoCl₂, is obtained from the measurement of the susceptibility on the single crystals. Two distinct critical points, one along the c-axis and the other in the c-plane, are observed for the respective concentrations between x = 0.264 and x = 0.481. Three kinds of ordered phases, namely, Fe-rich and Co-rich antiferromagnetic phases and a new phase are found. The phase diagram shows a tetracritical point as well.A hump is observed in the temperature dependence of the susceptibility along the c-axis (c-plane for x ? 0.3) near the ordering temperature occuring in the c-plane (c-axis for x ? 0.3).     

The experimental and theoretical investigation of vibration spectra in ferroelectric semiconductor SbSBrxI1−x crystals

The vapor grown SbSBr_xI_1−x (x=0.1; 0.5; 0.9) crystals with clear mirror surfaces have been used for infrared reflection measurements with Fourier spectrometer. The vibration frequencies along c(z)-axis have been derived from Kramers–Kroning and optical parameters fitting analysis of the experimental reflectivity spectra at T=300 K. The theoretical vibration spectra of SbSBr_xS_1−x (x=0.1; 0.5; 0.9) crystals in paraelectric phase (T=300 K) along c(z)-axis have been determined in quasiharmonic approximation by diagonalization of dynamical matrix. The theoretical vibration spectra of these crystals in a–b(x−y) plane have been determined in harmonic approximation. In this work we discuss the nature of anharmonism in SbSBr_xI_1−x crystals along the c(z)-axis.     

掺Ba对Bi系2212相超导电性的影响

研究了掺Ｂａ对Bi₂Sr_2-xBa_xCaCu₂O_y（０≤ｘ≤０．１５，０．３）单晶和多晶样品超导电性的影响，结果表明，有少量Ｂａ^２＋离子进入了超导相，且有固溶度极限．对于２２１２相单晶，ｃ轴参数和Ｔ_c均随Ｂａ含量增加而增加；对于慢冷多晶样品，掺Ｂａ可明显提高Ｔ_c；然而对于淬大多晶样品，Ｔ_c没有明显变化，用掺Ｂａ 关键词：     

Gigantic uniaxial pressure effect in single crystals of iron-based superconductors

In order to elucidate the anisotropic pressure effect on superconductivity in an iron-based superconductor, magnetization measurements have been performed in Ba(Fe_0.92Co_0.08)₂As₂ single crystals under uniaxial pressures applied along the c-axis. Gigantic T_c suppression, dT_c/dP_//c = −15 K/GPa, was observed when the anisotropic deformation with the a-expansion and c-compression was induced by the c-pressure, which should be compared with dT_c/dP < +1 K/GPa in the isotropic pressure case. This suggests that the a-axis (c-axis) compression has a positive (negative) contribution to T_c.     

Magnetic phases in UNi<Subscript>2</Subscript>Si<Subscript>2</Subscript>

The tetragonal compound UNi₂Si₂ exhibits in zero magnetic field three different antiferromagnetic phases belowT _N =124 K. They are formed by ferromagnetic basal planes, which are antiferromagnetically coupled along thec-axis with the propagation vectorq=(0, 0, q _z ). Two additional order-order magnetic phase transitions are observed below T _N , namely atT ₁=108 K and T ₂=40 K in zero magnetic field. All three phases exhibit strong uniaxial anisotropy confining the U moments to a direction parallel to the c-axis. UNi₂Si₂ single crystals were studied in detail by measuring bulk thermodynamic properties, such as thermal expansion, resistivity, susceptibility, and specific heat. A microscopic study using neutron diffraction was performed in magnetic fields up to 14.5 T parallel to the c-axis, and a complex magnetic phase diagram has been determined. Here, we present the analysis of specific-heat data measured in magnetic fields up to 14 T compared with the results of the neutron-diffraction study and with other thermodynamic properties of UNi₂Si₂.     

Non-collinear vortex states in twinned YBa2Cu3O7?δ single crystals

The magnetic moments parallel and perpendicular to thec-axis (measured simultaneously) have been studied as a function of direction of applied magnetic fieldH in twinned and de-twinned YBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ single crystals. They show pronounced anomalies when the field direction approaches thec-axis. These allow clear identification of the angle ϕ_L at which vortices are locked into twin planes. Complete shielding of theH _ab field component (transverse Meissner effect) was observed in the locked state. For larger angles, up to ϕ_T, the vortices continue to be non-collinear with the applied field, but their direction deviates from the trapping plane. ϕ_L exhibits a 1/H field-dependence, whereas ϕ_T shows only weak logarithmic variations withH.     

Magnetic phase diagrams of Ho1−xDyxNi2B2C

We performed the magnetization measurement on Ho_1−xDy_xNi₂B₂C single crystals (x=0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.6) with magnetic field applied perpendicular and parallel to the c-axis. But only for the magnetic field perpendicular to the c-axis, the increase of Dy³⁺ concentration affects the magnetically ordered states of HoNi₂B₂C compound and makes the phase diagram more complicated. The antiferromagnetic ordering state attributed to Dy³⁺ sublattice starts to appear from a case of x=0.2 and finally the magnetic phase diagram becomes analogous to that of DyNi₂B₂C as x is increased which is consistent with the neutron scattering result.     

Vortex Excitations Above Tc in the Cuprate Superconductor Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 as Revealed by ESR

Using electron spin resonance (ESR) technique we have obtained data evidencing the existence of magnetic vortices in high-temperature superconductors at temperatures above the critical one T _c. We have studied magnetic excitations in Bi₂Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O₁₀ single crystals above T _c with the method of surface spin decoration. The surface layer of diphenylpicrylhydrazyl was used as a sensitive probe of magnetic field distortions. The temperature dependence of the ESR signal parameters has indicated that far above T _c the magnetic flux of a sample is affected by the superconducting order parameter fluctuations while close to T _c its changes are due to vortex-type excitations.     

Field induced phase transitions on NdRhIn5 and Nd2RhIn8 antiferromagnetic compounds

In this work, we have investigated the low temperature magnetic phase diagram of the tetragonal NdRhIn₅ and Nd₂RhIn₈ single crystals by means of temperature and field dependent heat capacity and magnetic susceptibility measurements. These compounds order antiferromagnetically with a Néel temperature (T_N) of 11 and 10.7 K for NdRhIn₅ and Nd₂RhIn₈, respectively. The constructed magnetic phase of both compounds are anisotropic and show, as expected, a decrease of T_N as a function of the magnetic field for c crystallographic direction. However when the magnetic field is applied along of the c-axis, which is the magnetic easy axis, first-order-like field induced transitions are observed within the antiferromagnetic state. We compare the phase diagrams obtained for NdRhIn₅ and Nd₂RhIn₈ with those for their cubic relative NdIn₃.