CT血管造影在急性蛛网膜下腔出血中的诊断和治疗作用

目的 评价CT血管造影(CTA)在急性自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)患者中的诊断和治疗作用. 方法 36例SAH行CTA,其中16例同时行数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查. 结果 CTA检查的36例SAH中动脉瘤29例,脑动静脉畸形(AVM)4例,阴性3例.所有CTA检查结果与手术相符,其中经DSA检查的16例与CTA检查结果完全一致.结论 CTA可作为SAH患者早期诊断的有效手段及制定治疗方案的辅助手段.     

数字减影脑血管造影对自发性蛛网膜下腔出血的病因诊断价值

目的:探讨数字减影血管造影(DSA)在自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)病因检出中的应用价值.方法:回顾性分析225例自发性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的DSA检查结果.结果:225例患者中检出动脉瘤127例,脑动静脉畸形(AVM)21例,脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)5例,烟雾病3例,海绵状血管瘤2例,造影阴性67例.结论:DSA检查对鉴别自发性蛛网膜下腔出血的病因具有重要的诊断意义,对有条件的SAH病例均应行DSA检查以明确病因,以便作进一步病因治疗.     

121例自发性出血性脑血管病人DSA结果分析

目的 探讨自发性出血性脑血管病出血常见的原因.方法 回顾性分析经数字减影脑血管造影(DSA)检查的121例经CT证实为出血性脑血管病人的临床及影像学资料.结果 67例自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)中,经DSA证实为动脉瘤55例,烟雾病(Moyamoya Disease)2例,阴性10例;24例自发性脑内血肿中,动静脉畸形(AVM)13例,Moyamoya病3例,静脉性血管畸形1例,硬脑膜动静脉瘘(DAVF)1例,阴性6例;30例自发性脑室出血中,AVM 2例,动脉瘤2例,Moyamoya病21例,阴性5例.结论 自发性出血性脑血管病出血常见的原因有动脉瘤、AVM、烟雾病、DAVF等,该类患者应常规进行DSA检查查找病因,以便及时去除病因,预防再出血.     

CT血管造影在急性自发性脑出血中的临床应用价值

目的评价CT血管造影（CTA）在急性自发性脑出血中的临床应用价值。方法对CT检查提示急性自发性脑出血的71例（蛛网膜下腔出血23例,脑内血肿21例,脑室出血9例,混合性出血18例）。患者进一步行CTA检查。其中47例随后进行了DSA检查。根据检查结果综合考虑后,行急症脑室外引流术11例,脑内血肿清除术8例,动脉瘤栓塞术8例,动脉瘤夹闭术9例,保守治疗35例。结果CTA检查提示动脉瘤28例,动静脉畸形（AVM）16例,烟雾病3例,CTA检查阴性24例。DSA检查提示动脉瘤23例,AVM8例,烟雾病5例,脑膜动静脉瘘2例,DSA阴性9例（其中1例CTA检查为动脉瘤）。本组患者共死亡3例,重残6例。结论CTA对于自发性脑内血肿的治疗有重要的指导意义,特别对于是否采取急症手术及手术方法的选择更有价值。对于动脉瘤的诊断有帮助,但决定治疗方案还需要进一步行DSA检查。     

血管内神经外科治疗颅内动脉瘤及动静脉畸形

目的　观察血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤及脑动静脉畸形 (AVM)的效果。　方法　栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤 6例 ,脑AVM 8例。　结果　 6例动脉瘤中 4例栓塞成功 ,2例未成功 ;8例脑AVM中 ,完全闭塞 3例 ,部分闭塞 5例 (其中 3例栓塞 75 %以上 ,2例 75 %以下 )。 14例栓塞治疗后无死亡及永久性并发症。　结论　颅内动脉瘤及脑AVM的栓塞治疗 ,是目前比较理想的治疗方法。     

自发性蛛网膜下腔出血首次CTA检查阴性31例分析

目的 探讨自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage, SAH)首次CT血管造影(computed tomography angiography,CTA)检查阴性的原因及治疗策略.方法 对本院2008年 1月至2009年11月,首次CTA检查呈阴性的31例SAH患者的诊断、治疗进行回顾性分析.结果 本组31例(男性12例,女性19例)中29例再次CTA检查,发现动脉瘤7例,其中3例为小脑后下动脉瘤,2例大脑中动脉M3段动脉瘤,1例大脑前动脉A2段动脉瘤,1例大脑后动脉P3段动脉瘤;3例颅内动脉远端显示不清晰,怀疑动静脉畸形(arteriovenous malformation,AVM).再次CTA检查的22例阴性患者同期行DSA检查,发现前交通动脉瘤2例,均小于1.5 mm;AVM3例;C5-7颈髓AVM1例;硬脑膜动静脉瘘1例.延期MRA检查7例,发现海绵状血管瘤3例.其余14例均无阳性发现,其中1例做了2次CTA,2次DSA,2次MRA检查,仍无阳性发现.结论 蛛网膜下腔出血患者首次CTA阴性的原因较多,为提高诊断率及避免不必要重复检查,应根据CT平片上蛛网膜下腔出血特点确定合理的进一步检查手段.     

数字减影血管造影术在蛛网膜下腔出血的病因诊断和介入治疗中的应用

目的探讨数字减影血管造影（DSA）在蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）的病因诊断和介入治疗中的作用。②方击对40例经CT诊断为SAH的患者进行DSA检查，其中20例加摄旋转DSA，8例脑动脉瘤患者行电解脱铂金弹簧圈（GDC）栓塞治疗，5例脑血管畸形行Onyx胶栓塞治疗。③结果常规＋旋转DSA共检出脑动脉瘤27例（30个）。脑血管畸形8例，脑底弄常血管网（moyamoya病）2例，无明显异常3例。8例脑动脉瘤行GDC栓塞，5例动静脉畸形（AVM）行Onyx胶栓塞，均取得良好效果。④结论DSA是蛛网膜下腔出血病因诊断有效的方法；介入治疗安全、可靠，是脑血管疾病治疗的发展方向。     

弹簧圈介入栓塞治疗破裂性颅内动脉瘤的临床对照研究

目的 研究弹簧圈介入栓塞治疗破裂性动脉瘤的疗效.方法 选择235例DSA检查确诊为颅内动脉瘤蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)病例,采用弹簧圈介入栓塞治疗,观察与内科治疗疗效的比较.结果 介入手术治疗在死亡率、并发症发生率(再出血率、临床脑血管痉挛率、脑积水率)、存活病例生存质量方面均优于内科治疗.结论 SAH病人应查明病因,如是颅内动脉瘤引起,需尽快采用介入治疗或手术治疗,并讨论了介入治疗的适应症,技术操作经验及并发症的预防.     

破裂颅内动脉瘤的早期介入栓塞治疗

目的介绍早期对破裂颅内动脉瘤行栓塞治疗的经验并评价其治疗效果。方法回顾分析14例经早期(发病后3d内)血管内栓塞治疗的以蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)为首发症状的颅内动脉瘤。结果10例动脉瘤栓塞闭塞率100%,3例闭塞>90%,1例在栓塞中动脉瘤再次破裂死亡。1例栓塞术后第3天因严重的脑血管痉挛及肺部感染死亡。CTA(CT血管成像)与DSA(数字减影脑血管造影)的符合率几乎达100%。结论由于栓塞治疗的微创特点,使早期栓塞治疗破裂动脉瘤相对于手术夹闭更安全和简便。CTA对颅内动脉瘤栓塞术前的诊断性“筛选”有重要意义。     

自发性蛛网膜下腔出血首次脑血管造影阴性病例的临床分析

目的 探讨自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)首次脑血管造影(DSA)阴性病例的病因、诊疗策略及预后等.方法 对大连医科大学附属第一医院神经外科50例自发性SAH首次DSA阴性患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析.本组50例患者首次DSA均在发病后1周内检查,均为阴性.后经DSA复查并行MRI或MRA检查,根据结果总结SAH的原因、重复造影情况、治疗及预后.结果 50例经复查的患者中,共发现检查结果阳性病例10例,包括动脉瘤5例、隐匿性脑或脊髓血管畸形3例及海绵状血管瘤2例,其中9例行手术或栓塞治疗治愈出院,1例病人外院行伽马刀治疗痊愈;40例患者行非手术治疗,39例治愈出院,1例因合并严重内科疾病患者死亡.诊断中脑周围非动脉瘤性SAH(perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage,PNSH)21例,复查14例,均为阴性.结论 对于首次DSA阴性的患者在执行科学规范的治疗基础上,应积极复查DSA并行MRI,根据结果,及时治疗.但对于诊断PNSH的病人,建议避免二次造影,但必须随诊CTA或MRI.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.