磷酸化c-Jun氨基末端激酶和P38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶在寻常性银屑病皮损中的表达

目的 探讨磷酸化c-Jun氨基末端激酶（p-JNK）和P38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（p-P38MAPK）在寻常性银屑病皮损中的表达。 方法 收集30例确诊的寻常性银屑病患者皮损,同时收集30例健康人皮肤组织作为对照组。采用免疫组化及Western印迹法分别检测p-JNK和p-P38MAPK蛋白在寻常性银屑病皮损组织和正常人皮肤中的表达情况。 结果 免疫组化结果显示,寻常性银屑病皮损组织p-JNK和p-P38MAPK表达的平均吸光度（AOD）值分别为0.663 ± 0.016和0.436 ± 0.011,均明显高于对照组（0.333 ± 0.009和0.306 ± 0.010）,差异有统计学意义（t = 44.869、21.913,均P < 0.001）。Western印迹法同样显示,寻常性银屑病皮损p-JNK和p-P38MAPK蛋白相对表达量均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（t值分别为20.477和165.084,均P < 0.05）。结论 JNK和P38MAPK的活化可能参与了寻常性银屑病表皮细胞的过度增殖。     

角蛋白及p38丝裂原活化的蛋白激酶磷酸化对角质形成细胞增殖抑制的调控

目的：研究抗角蛋白抗体对角蛋白及p38丝裂原活化的蛋白激酶（MAPK）磷酸化的影响。方法：提取抗体作用过的人舌鳞状细胞癌（Tca）细胞角蛋白,以未经抗体作用的细胞作阴性对照。角蛋白经十二烷基磺酸钠一聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）分离、转膜,用抗酪氨酸磷酸化抗体作用和显色。超声裂解抗体作用细胞,设置阴性对照。经SDS-PAGE分离、转膜后用抗磷酸化p38MAPK抗体作用,化学发光剂发光显影。结果：角蛋白在分子质量大约为58ku处出现阳性条带：阴性对照未出现条带。抗磷酸化p38MAPK抗体作用后在分子质量大约44ku处有阳性条带;阴性对照在相应处未出现条带。结论：角蛋白及p38MAPK磷酸化是Tca细胞增殖抑制的重要调控方式。     

IL-36γ、p38MAPK通路和Th17细胞因子在扁平苔藓中的表达

目的:检测IL-36及p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38MAPK)通路和Th17细胞因子在扁平苔藓中的表达。方法:应用Envision免疫组化法检测58例扁平苔藓及19名正常皮肤标本中IL-36γ、磷酸化-p38MAPK(p-p38)和IL-17A的表达。结果:IL-36/、p-p38和IL-17A在扁平苔藓皮损中的蛋白表达阳性率为86.21%、79.31%和94.83%,显著高于正常对照标本阳性率为68.42%、15.79%和63.16%(均P0.01)。扁平苔藓组中,IL-36γ与p-p38、IL-36/与IL-17A的表达水平存在显著正相关(P0.001),两因子表达强度有显著差异(P0.05)。结论:p38MAPK通路和Th17细胞因子可能与扁平苔藓的发病有关。     

环氧合酶-2在皮肤肿瘤组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的　探讨环氧合酶 2 (COX 2 )在皮肤肿瘤组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法　应用免疫组织化学方法分别检测 82例皮肤肿瘤组织 ( 2 1例Bowen病、2 6例基底细胞癌、3 5例鳞状细胞癌 )和 10例正常皮肤组织中COX 2的表达。结果　皮肤肿瘤组织中COX 2阳性表达率为 76.83 % ,显著高于正常皮肤组织的 10 .0 0 % ( χ2 =15 .78,P <0 .0 1) ;COX 2主要表达于肿瘤细胞胞浆与核周 ;鳞状细胞癌的阳性表达与肿瘤分期无明显相关 ( χ2 =0 .70 ,P >0 .0 5 )。结论　COX 2的高表达可能与皮肤肿瘤的发生有关     

缺氧诱导因子-1α和环氧合酶-2在尖锐湿疣中的表达

目的：检测缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）和环氧合酶-2（COX-2）在尖锐湿疣组织中的表达。方法：采用免疫组化SP法检测30例尖锐湿疣组织和20例包皮组织中HIF—1α和COX-2的表达。结果：尖锐湿疣组织中HIF-1α和COX-2的阳性表达率及阳性表达强度均显著高于正常对照组（均P〈0．01）,尖锐湿疣组织中HIF—1α与COX-2的表达呈正相关。结论：尖锐湿疣组织的过度增殖可能与组织中HIF—1α和COX-2的异常表达有关。     

环氧合酶-2在皮肤肿瘤中的研究进展

环氧合酶-2是前列腺素合成的限速酶。研究显示环氧合酶-2的过度表达与多种肿瘤的发生、发展密切相关。就环氧合酶-2的结构特征、生物学特性、与肿瘤发生发展的关系、在皮肤肿瘤中的研究进展及其在肿瘤预防和治疗中的应用前景进行综述。     

ERK1/2,JNK和P38MAPK在皮肤黑素瘤中的表达北大核心CSCD

目的检测ERK1/2,JNK和P38MAPK在皮肤黑素瘤中的表达情况,初步探讨它们与黑素瘤发生、发展的关系。方法分别采用免疫组化和Western印迹法检测磷酸化的ERK1/2,JNK及P38MAPK在皮肤黑素瘤、皮内痣组织中的表达情况;用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(Real time-PCR)方法定量分析皮内痣和皮肤黑素瘤中ERK1/2,JNK和P38MAPK mRNA的表达情况。结果免疫组化和Western印迹法结果均显示p-ERK1/2,p-JNK及p-P38MAPK在皮肤黑素瘤中的表达高于皮内痣组(P<0.05);Western印迹法显示p-ERK1/2,p-JNK及p-P38MAPK在皮内痣组中的表达高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。ERK1/2,JNK及P38MAPK mRNA在皮肤黑素瘤和皮内痣中的表达均高于正常皮肤组织(P<0.05);皮肤黑素瘤中ERK1/2,P38MAPKmRNA的表达均高于皮内痣(P<0.05);而皮肤黑素瘤中JNK mRNA的表达与皮内痣组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 ERK1/2,JNK和P38MAPK在皮肤黑素瘤表达增高,提示MAPK信号通路在皮肤黑素瘤发生、发展中起到重要作用,该信号通路有望成为预防和治疗皮肤黑素瘤的新靶点。     

扁平苔藓皮损中肥大细胞数和P物质的表达及其意义

目的:探讨肥大细胞和P物质在扁平苔藓发病中的作用。方法:采用组织化学和免疫组化的染色方法,检测扁平苔藓皮损中未脱颗粒的肥大细胞数和P物质的表达情况。结果:甲苯胺蓝特殊染色发现,扁平苔藓皮损中未脱颗粒的肥大细胞数(3.56±1.52)明显低于正常对照组(5.22±1.28),其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);免疫组化染色发现,扁平苔藓皮损中P物质的表达强度明显高于正常对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);采用Spearman等级相关分析,二者呈一定的负相关(rs=-0.397,P<0.05)。结论:肥大细胞和P物质在扁平苔藓的发病中可能起一定的作用。     

半胱天冬酶-3、Bcl-2在扁平苔藓皮损中的表达

目的：探讨半胱天冬酶（caspase）-3和Bcl-2在扁平苔藓（LP）中的表达及意义。方法：应用免疫组化SP法对30例LP患者皮损和10名正常对照者皮肤中半胱天冬酶-3和Bcl-2的表达进行检测。结果：半胱天冬酶-3在LP皮损表皮中表达明显增强．Bcl-2在LP皮损表皮、真皮淋巴细胞浸润带的表达均明显增强;正常对照者皮肤基底细胞中半胱天冬酶-3表达仅为20％,Bcl-2偶见表达。结论：半胱天冬酶-3和Bcl-2在皮肤LP发生和发展中起一定作用。     

佛波酯对HaCaT细胞环氧合酶-2表达水平的影响

目的 研究佛波酯对培养的人永生化角质形成细胞株HaCaT细胞环氧合酶-2（COX-2）表达水平的影响，探讨佛波酯的皮肤细胞毒性机制。方法 以体外培养的HaCaT细胞为对象，采用RT－PCR和Western印迹方法，检测HaCaT 细胞经0.1，1.0，10 mg/L佛波酯处理24 h后COX-2 mRNA和蛋白表达情况。结果 对照组HaCaT 细胞COX-2 mRNA和蛋白微弱表达或不表达，1.0，10.0 mg/L佛波酯组COX-2 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著高于对照组和0.1 mg/L佛波酯组（P值均 < 0.01），而且10.0 mg/L佛波酯组均高于1.0 mg/L佛波酯组，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。结论 佛波酯可能通过上调HaCaT细胞表达COX-2，促进前列腺素的合成释放，参与皮肤角质形成细胞恶性肿瘤的发生。     

Differential expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB p105/p50 in chronic inflammatory skin diseases

The keratinocytes actively participate in the cutaneous immune responses. Dysregulation and abnormal expression of inflammatory mediators or their receptors in keratinocytes are relevant to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory skin diseases. The mechanism of long-lasting inflammatory processes is related with the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), which play a crucial role in the immune responses. There are potential interaction points between these two pathways. The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in expression levels and distributions of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2, phosphorylated p38 MAPK and NF-κB p105/p50 in chronic inflammatory skin diseases. An immunohistochemical staining technique was employed to measure the expression of these molecules in 25 cases of lichen planus, 22 cases of psoriasis, 26 cases of chronic eczema, seven cases of prurigo and seven cases of normal skin. We observed that the expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2, phosphorylated p38 MAPK and NF-κB p105/p50 was significantly more augmented in the lesional epidermis of all the inflammatory skin diseases than those in normal skin ( P  < 0.05), and the number of positive keratinocytes was significantly more in lichen planus than that in other inflammatory diseases ( P  < 0.001). Moreover, the positive keratinocytes of these three molecules were more widely distributed in the entire layer of the epidermis in lichen planus than those in other diseases. We concluded that ERK1/2, p38 MAPK and NF-κB p105/p50 might play important roles in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory skin diseases.     

经典和色素性扁平苔藓常见皮肤镜特征的比较

目的：比较经典扁平苔藓与色素性扁平苔藓常见皮肤镜的特征。方法：选取13例经典扁平苔藓和6例色素性扁平苔藓患者共99处皮损进行皮肤镜检查并对其特征进行比较。结果：经典扁平苔藓常见的皮肤镜特征有Wickham纹,以片状模式为主的黄棕色色素结构和点状、线状及球状等血管;色素性扁平苔藓常见的皮肤镜特征有以点状、球状模式为主的蓝灰色、黄棕色色素结构和毛囊角栓。结论：皮肤镜可用于经典扁平苔癣和色素性扁平苔藓的辅助诊断。     

IL-22在扁平苔藓中的表达

目的：研究IL-22在扁平苔藓皮损中的表达,探讨其在扁平苔藓疾病中的作用。方法：免疫组化检测IL-22在30例扁平苔藓皮损和10例正常皮肤组织中的表达。结果：在扁平苔藓皮损中IL-22主要表达于表皮全层的角质形成细胞和真皮浅层浸润的淋巴细胞胞质,在正常皮肤中IL-22主要表达于基底层附近的角质形成细胞,IL-22在扁平苔藓皮损的表达水平明显高于正常皮肤（P<0.01）。结论：IL-22在扁平苔藓发病中可能起一定作用。     

Prevalence of vulval lichen planus in a cohort of women with oral lichen planus: an interdisciplinary study

BACKGROUND: Lichen planus (LP) is a mucocutaneous inflammatory dermatosis that frequently involves the oral and genital mucosae. Patients with LP affecting these sites are often seen by oral medicine specialists or gynaecologists who work in isolation and depend heavily on histopathologists to help them in confirming the diagnosis. There are few studies in the literature combining the experiences of these specialists who share the care of patients with both oral and genital LP. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence of vulval LP (VLP) in a cohort of patients with histologically confirmed oral LP (OLP). METHODS: The study group consisted of 42 women histologically diagnosed with OLP. The mean age was 60.5 years (range 27-81). They underwent genital examination, colposcopy and vulvoscopy. For the histological confirmation of clinical VLP biopsies were performed whenever a clinical lesion was found. Oral and genital biopsy specimens were processed through histological and immunohistochemical staining. Histological diagnoses of LP were made according to the modified World Health Organization histopathological criteria proposed by van der Meij and van der Waal for the diagnosis of OLP, and extended to VLP. Patients with clinical evidence, but without the histological confirmation of OLP and VLP, were excluded from the study group. RESULTS: Thirty-two vulval and one vaginal biopsy specimens were obtained. Histological diagnoses were confirmed in 24 of 32 (75%) patients who underwent a vulval biopsy: these represent 57% (24 of 42) of the study group. Of the 12 patients free of symptoms such as itching, burning and dyspareunia, but with clinical vulval lesions, 11 (92%) had histological confirmation of VLP. Vulval lichen sclerosus was ascertained in five of 32 (16%) cases. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a 57% prevalence of VLP in selected patients with OLP. The high prevalence of VLP of 92% in the women who were free of vulval symptoms confirmed the usefulness of this careful integrated approach.     

CD44分子在扁平苔藓中的表达

目的：检测扁平苔藓皮损组织中粘附分子CD44的表达。方法：对30例扁平苔藓患者的皮损组织、10例正常皮肤组织、10例病理上以淋巴细胞浸润为主的皮损组织进行免疫组化染色。结果：在扁平苔藓皮损中,表皮及真皮中CD44分子的表达较正常皮肤及以淋巴细胞浸润为主的皮损组织均明显增强,差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论：CD44分子可能与扁平苔藓发病相关。     

扁平苔藓中HtrA2/Omi与XIAP的表达及意义

[摘要] 目的：探讨凋亡相关蛋白丝氨酸蛋白酶HtrA2/Omi和XIAP在扁平苔藓皮损中的表达及其意义。方法：用免疫组化法、原位末端标记技术（TUNEL）对30例扁平苔藓患者皮损组织和30例正常人皮肤组织中HtrA2/Omi和XIAP的表达及两种组织的凋亡情况进行检测。结果：扁平苔藓组与正常对照组相比,HtrA2/Omi表达水平明显升高, XIAP表达水平明显下降,组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P < 0. 01）,HtrA2/Omi的阳性表达强度与XIAP的阳性表达强度呈负相关（P<0.01）;扁平苔鲜组中细胞凋亡指数（AI）明显高于正常对照组（P < 0. 01）,角质形成细胞的凋亡指数与HtrA2/Omi的阳性表达强度呈正相关（P<0.01）,与XIAP的阳性表达强度呈负相关（P<0.01）。结论：HtrA2/Omi、XIAP可能通过调节扁平苔藓皮损处角质形成细胞的凋亡而参与扁平苔藓的发病。