前矢状入路直肠肛门成形术治疗女婴无肛前庭瘘的疗效观察

目的评价前矢状入路直肠肛门成形术治疗女婴无肛前庭瘘的疗效。方法自会阴前矢状入路游离瘘口,游离直肠侧壁及直肠后壁,保留直肠末端瘘口不受损伤,保证瘘口内括约肌结构完整,使直肠末端置于外括约肌中心无张力重建会阴体,恢复女童正常会阴外观。结果本组86例一期手术获成功,经近远期随访,会阴体外观及肛门功能均达到满意的效果。结论前矢状入路直肠肛门成形术治疗女婴无肛前庭瘘,直视下重建肛门直肠,完整保留了直肠瘘口及直肠盲袋,获得了满意的排便功能。     

低位无肛术术中完整保留瘘口组织的必要性和可行性

目的探讨低位肛门直肠畸形术术中保留瘘口组织的必要性和可行性。方法对67例无肛前庭及会阴瘘患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析。其中女童无肛前庭瘘59例,男童无肛会阴瘘8例。年龄3个月~16岁,平均10个月。患儿多以排便困难或肛门位置异常就诊。4例无肛前庭瘘患儿曾在婴儿期行瘘口后切术。患儿均采用完整保留瘘口的前矢状入路肛门成形术治疗。结果患儿术后3及6个月常规来院复诊,最长随访8年。65例(97.0%)患儿会阴部矢状切口一期愈合,会阴及肛门外观良好;另2例(男、女各1例)术中直肠破损患儿,自修补处穿孔导致会阴部矢状切口感染(占直肠破损修补术的40%),最终形成直肠会阴瘘,但肛门外观良好。67例均采用肛门功能临床评分标准评估患儿排便功能,64例(95.5%)患儿排便功能良好,总评分为5~6分;另3例(男1例,女2例)顽固便秘,需开塞露协助排便。结论低位无肛术中完整保留瘘口组织非常必要。     

腹腔镜下经腹部和后矢状路联合修补术后复发性直肠尿道瘘和直肠阴道瘘

目的介绍腹腔镜下经腹部和后矢状路联合手术治疗直肠肛门手术后复发性直肠尿道瘘和直肠阴道瘘。方法5例术后多次复发性直肠尿道瘘或直肠阴道瘘患儿，男3例，女2例，年龄3～13岁。腹部在腹腔镜下游离结肠，远端尽可能从骶前向盆腔分离肠管，近端肠管游离保证正常结肠能无张力拖至肛门处吻合。低位盆腔肠管分离通过后矢状位切口（肛缘后上1cm），正中切开直肠后壁，直肠内剥离黏膜至齿状线，直视下修补瘘口，近端切断结肠，将正常结肠拖出与肛门吻合。结果所有患儿排便功能良好，仅1例有轻度污粪，未见瘘管复发。结论腹腔镜下经腹部和后矢状路游离结肠、直肠，创伤小，视野清晰，避开了粘连紧密的瘘管分离，完整结肠拖出避免了瘘管的复发，后矢状路直肠切开能直视下显示并修补瘘管。     

前会阴入路手术在女孩肛门直肠疾病中的应用

目的　讨论及评估前会阴入路治疗先天性无肛前庭瘘、后天性直肠前庭瘘及会阴Ⅲ°裂伤的手术方法及效果。方法　对 2 14例前会阴入路手术的临床资料进行总结分析。其中先天性无肛前庭瘘组 4 1例 ,后天性直肠前庭瘘组 16 6例 ,会阴Ⅲ°裂伤组 7例。前会阴入路先天性无肛前庭瘘手术方法 :完整游离瘘口及充分游离直肠 ,在电刺激仪引导下 ,将游离之直肠置于横纹肌复合体中心 ;利用瘘口和两侧的耻尾肌分别成形肛门和重建会阴体。后天性直肠前庭瘘及会阴Ⅲ°裂伤前会阴入路手术仅需游离直肠前壁及两侧壁 ,前者切除瘘管和在无张力情况下修补直肠前壁缺损 ;后者在电刺激仪引导下确定外括约肌断端并原位修复外括约肌。结果　先天性无肛前庭瘘组 4 1例及会阴裂伤组 7例患儿会阴部切口均Ⅰ期愈合。术后 3个月及半年常规复诊 ,患儿会阴及肛门外观正常 ;采用肛门功能临床评分标准评估其排便功能 ,两组总评分均为优。后天性直肠前庭瘘组 16 6例 ,术后痊愈15 6例 (94 % ) ;瘘管复发患儿经 3%硼酸液坐浴后 ,6 0 %瘘口自行愈合。结论　前会阴入路手术治疗先天性无肛前庭瘘、后天性直肠前庭瘘及会阴Ⅲ°裂伤是一种合理、可靠的手术方法 ,效果满意。     

一期会阴肛门成形及瘘修补术治疗中位先天性无肛并直肠尿道球部瘘

目的 总结2005年1月至2010年2月采用一期会阴肛门成形并瘘修补术治疗中位先天性无肛并直肠尿道球部瘘的临床疗效.方法 应用一期会阴肛门成形并瘘修补术治疗中位先天性无肛并直肠尿道球部瘘患儿9例.结果 所有患儿术后恢复良好,痊愈出院,均获得随访,2例瘘复发,术后无尿道狭窄,肛门控制功能优良.结论 该术式简便易行,疗效满意,可选择应用于中位先天性无肛并直肠尿道球部瘘的病例.     

小儿Currarino综合征的诊治经验

目的总结小儿Currarino综合征的发病特点、诊断和手术方法。方法收集2008年1月至2020年6月首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院普外科收治的24例Currarino综合征患儿的相关资料。其中, 男7例, 女17例;年龄为(19.58±14.37)个月, 年龄范围为2～47个月。患儿肛门直肠畸形包括直肠会阴瘘16例、肛门狭窄2例、直肠前庭瘘3例、肛门闭锁1例、直肠尿道球部瘘1例及一穴肛1例。14例患儿因排便困难就诊, 45.8%(11/24)的患儿来本科就诊前存在诊治不当的情况。所有患儿均进行腰骶椎X线、骶尾部超声、骶尾部磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI)及下消化道造影检查。手术治疗采用经后矢状入路(经典后矢状入路8例、局限性后矢状入路13例)、肛门入路(1例)、前矢状入路(1例)和经骶后弧形切口切除臀部瘘管及包块(1例)。15例肠造瘘患儿术后3～6个月进行关瘘术。随访评估并记录每例患儿的排便和排尿功能, 排便功能评估采用Rintala评分。结果 2例患儿存在神经源性膀胱, 5例患儿存在生殖系统畸形(双子宫1例, 双角子宫1例, 双阴道2例, ...     

直肠内瘘修补术在小儿肛门直肠疾病中的应用

目的 探讨直肠内瘘修补术在小儿肛门直肠疾病中的应用及疗效。方法 对近十年间我院采用直肠内瘘修补术治疗196例各类小儿肛门直肠疾病进行回顾性分析。结果 196例患儿中后天性肛前瘘136例,无肛并直肠舟状窝瘘42例,无肛直肠尿道瘘4例,无肛直肠阴道瘘4例,复发性后天性肛前瘘3例,无肛术后损伤性直肠尿道或阴道瘘4例,先天性无肛舟状窝瘘术后复发3例,一次性手术总治愈率95．4％(187／196),术后瘘复发率4．6％(9／196)。结论 直肠内瘘修补术简便易行,损伤小,可用于治疗多种小儿肛门直肠疾病。     

经尾路修补尿道、直肠(或阴道)瘘

目的 介绍采用后矢状入路途经修补后天性尿道、直肠（或阴道）瘘的体会。方法 对后天性尿道、直肠（或阴道）瘘８例（男６例,女２例）,采用后矢状切口经直肠、肛门（男性）或经阴道（女性）直接显露瘘口,切除瘢痕组织缝合修补瘘口。结果 ８例均一次修补功功,除１例术前已有结肠造口外,其他７例均未作结肠造口。术后随访０．５～４年,无复发,大小便正常。结论 采用后撩状入路途径经肛门、直肠（或阴道）修补后天性尿道、直     

治疗锁肛的术式-后矢状入路骶会阴肛门成形术（Pena术）

后矢状人路骶会阴肛门成形术即Pena术，是治疗锁肛的一种术式，适应于患儿已行结肠造瘘术或新生儿期的高位、中位肛门闭锁合并直肠尿道瘘或直肠阴道瘘的肛门闭锁、直肠闭锁。     

前矢状入路直肠肛门成形术治疗女婴无肛并前庭瘘20例

目的探讨女婴无肛并前庭瘘的手术方式。方法对2000~2004年入院的20例先天性肛门闭锁并直肠舟状窝瘘患儿均采用前矢状入路直肠肛门成形术(ASARP)治疗,对手术后效果及排便功能进行分析。结果18例切口一期愈合;2例术后切口感染,于12周后再次手术,治愈;20例患儿术后随访6~12个月,肛门排便临床评分均为优。结论ASARP可作为先天性肛门闭锁并直肠舟状窝瘘的首选手术方法。     

Laparoscopic assisted endorectal pull-through with posterior sagittal approach to the repair of postoperative rectourethral and rectovaginal fistula

Rectourethral or rectovaginal fistula is a troublesome complication after anorectal surgery. The pelvic and perineal dissection may be difficult because of severe fibrosis adhesion around the fistula. The authors applied a novel technique: a combined laparoscopic assisted abdominal and posterior sagittal approach (PSA) to perform the redo surgery. Three boys and two girls (3–13 years old): case 1 had rectovaginal fistula after rectal dialation and modified Swenson’s procedure; case 2 had rectovestibular fistula after twice perineal anorectoplasty; case 3 had rectourethral fistula after twice anorectoplasty; case 4 was imperforate anus with Hirschsprung’s disease and rectourethral fistula that had been misdiagnosed; case 5 had rectourethral fistula after abdominoperineoanoplasty and Mollard procedure and posterior sagittal anorectoplasty. Laparoscopic assisted abdominal dissection was done first to mobilize the colon as far as the mid pelvis, and the normal colon was marked with a suture. The lower pelvic dissection was performed through the posterior sagittal route, the proximal rectum was mobilized and servered, the distal rectum was left undisected, endorectal mucosectomy with electric ablation was performed, then the fistula was closed from inside the rectum, and the stump of the colon was pulled through the rectum, the stump and the dentate line were anastomosed extraanally. Colostomy was done in case 2 and case 5. The postoperative follow-up showed no recurrent fistula, and all patients had attained normal voluntary bowel actions, but one child had infrequent minor soiling. Laparoscopic assisted endorectal pull-through of the intact colon can offer precise dissection, minimal abdominal injure, and spare troublesome mobilization of the fistula, and can prevent the recurrent of fistula. Posterior sagittal approach provides a direct repair of the fistula and anastomosis.     

肛门直肠畸形术后排尿功能障碍的评价和治疗

目的 评价肛门直肠畸形术后排尿功能障碍的原因及治疗对策.方法 肛门直肠畸形术后患儿10例,男7例,女3例,年龄1～12岁.肛门闭锁直肠尿道球部瘘4例,肛门闭锁直肠尿道前列腺部瘘3例,泄殖腔畸形1例(共同管＜3 cm),肛门闭锁并球形结肠1例,肛门闭锁直肠前庭瘘1例.10例患儿均有排尿困难,其中3例伴有尿失禁.MRI显示2例合并脊髓栓系.排泄行膀胱尿道造影显示3例合并左侧输尿管Ⅳ°反流及肾积水,其中1例存在后尿道憩室,无1例发现尿道狭窄.尿动力学检查显示9例膀胱容量及残余尿增加,充盈期逼尿肌压正常,无逼尿肌过度活动,尿流率下降,其中8例逼尿肌收缩力下降,1例逼尿肌收缩力正常.另外1例直肠前庭瘘合并脊髓栓系患儿膀胱容量减少、残余尿增多、尿流率下降,充盈期逼尿肌压升高,合并逼尿肌过度活动.直肠尿道瘘合并后尿道憩室患儿行后矢状入路尿道憩室切除,泄殖腔畸形和直肠尿道前列腺部瘘术后合并输尿管反流患儿行左侧输尿管再植,8例合并神经性膀胱的患儿坚持清洁间歇导尿.结果 随访6个月～5年,泄殖腔畸形患儿1年后仍存在左侧输尿管反流及肾积水,直肠尿道球部瘘合并尿道憩室患儿输尿管反流及肾积水消失,无排尿困难及残余尿,直肠尿道前列腺部瘘合并左侧输尿管Ⅳ°反流及肾积水患儿输尿管反流消失,仍需间歇导尿,其余7例患儿无1例出现上尿路损害.结论 肛门直肠畸形合并脊髓发育不良及手术损伤可导致神经性膀胱.术中直肠尿道瘘处理不当可能导致尿道憩室或尿道狭窄.清洁间歇导尿是神经性膀胱的首要治疗方法,对于后尿道憩室可行尿道憩室切除术.     

Post-operative strictures in anorectal malformation: trends over 15 years

Aim

For decades, paediatric surgeons have employed the standard posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP) approach to deal with patients with anorectal malformations (ARM). In recent years, we noted an apparent increase in the incidence of anal stricture after surgical repair of ARM following the introduction of laparoscopic pull-through and techniques aiming to preserve the internal sphincter—the internal sphincter sparing approach (ISSA). We decided to analyse our data to find out if these new trends had added to the problem of post-operative strictures.

Methods

All patients with ARM at our institution from January 2000 to December 2015 were identified. A retrospective case note review was carried out. Data collected included patient demographics, type of ARM, operative details, and post-operative outcomes.

Results

114 patients were identified. Ten patients were excluded. Of the remaining 104 children, 48 (46%) were female. Median age was 8.3 (range 1.2–16.8) years. Types of ARM were as follows: perineal fistula (15 patients), anterior stenotic anus (12), imperforate anus without fistula (10), vestibular fistula (32), rectourethral (bulbar) fistula (11), rectourethral (prostatic) fistula (14), rectovesical fistula (7), and cloaca (3). Twenty-seven patients with a perineal fistula or anterior stenotic anus underwent perineal procedures that were variably described by the different operating surgeons. The majority (15 patients) had an anoplasty, 5 had anal transposition, 5 had limited PSARP, and 2 patients had ISSA. Two patients with a cloacal anomaly underwent open cloacal reconstruction. Of the remaining 75 patients, 45 had a PSARP approach, 6 had a laparoscopic-assisted pull-through, and 18 had ISSA. Four girls with vestibular fistula had anal transposition and two boys with imperforate anus without fistula had anoplasty. 15 (14%) children developed anal stricture. Stricture incidence differed according to operation type. PSARP was the most commonly performed procedure, with only 6% developing a stricture. In contrast, 30% of ISSA patients and 50% of children who had laparoscopic pull-through developed a stricture. Strictures also occurred in 11 and 12% of children having anal transposition and anoplasty, respectively.

Conclusion

The laparoscopic-assisted pull-through involves tunnelling the sphincter muscle complex. We found that often the tunnels were not wide enough, resulting in narrowing not just at the ano-cutaneous junction but also at the deeper level. 50% developed strictures. We have modified our technique by ensuring that the tunnels are generous enough to allow the rectum to be pulled through without any resistance. ISSA unfortunately resulted in 30% of our patients developing strictures. This approach, started in 2004, was, therefore, abandoned in 2013. The standard Pena’s PSARP, with or without a laparotomy, has stood the test of time. Any modification of this approach must be carefully thought through and audited meticulously. Strictures can cause significant morbidity, which may need several revisions, and the resulting redo anoplasties run the risk of sphincter damage, ironically which the newer modifications of ISSA were trying to conserve.

     

Imperforate anus (anal agenesis) with rectal and sigmoid atresias in a newborn

A male baby was born to a healthy mother after an uncomplicated 39-week pregnancy. He had finger and toe syndactyly, right hemidiaphragm eventration, and a high imperforate anus (anal agenesis). The kidneys and chromosomes were normal. A right transverse colostomy was done and 5 months later he underwent a posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (Pena procedure). An intermediate imperforate anus with no urethral fistula and a rectal atresia 2 cm proximal to the distal rectal pouch were found; the distal rectal pouch was resected and the standard Pena procedure completed. Dilatations were initiated 2 weeks postoperatively and continued until the colostomy was closed. Prior to closure of the colostomy, a distal colon loopogram demonstrated an obstruction in the sigmoid; constrast introduced via the rectum outlined the same obstruction separated by 2 cm. A low sigmoid atresia was then repaired. Three weeks later, a contrast loopogram showed a narrow but intact rectosigmoid anastomois, and the colostomy was closed. The anorectal dilatations were discontinued and he remains well at 7 years of age.     

限制性后人字入路直肠肛门成形及外括约肌成形术治疗中低位无肛合并直肠会阴瘘

目的 针对中低位无肛合并直肠会阴瘘的患儿改良一种新的手术方法,使之较现行的方法如Pena、后切术更加简便、更符合生理以减少手术并发症.方法 切口采用限制性(即限制在3 cm以内)后人字切口,显露瘘管和直肠下端,在直肠下端的后方将肛门外括约肌复合体部分切开,将两侧的肌纤维环包于直肠下端.完成外括约肌成形术,在中线后切瘘管及直肠壁,于正常肛隐窝处完成肛门成形.结果 24例先天性无肛合并直肠会阴瘘(X线侧位片直肠盲端在P-C线或至Ⅰ线间)患儿进行了该手术,术后全部病例进行随诊:除1例5岁患儿术后便秘,全部患儿恢复自主排便,可控制,无失禁及溢粪.1例患儿术后肛门切口轻度感染经切开引流治愈.结论 该手术较Pe(n)a手术操作更加简便,局部创伤小,术后避免直肠回缩,减少了术后并发症,且术后不必扩肛;不同于传统的"后切术",术中进行肛门外括约肌成形,术后随诊疗效满意.

Abstract：

Objective To study the clinical outcomes of anorectoplasty and external anal sphincterplasty via posterior approach with Y-shaped incision to repair intermediate and low anorectal malformation complicated with rectal perineal fistula in children. Methods Twenty four patients with intermediate and low anorectal malformation complicated with rectal perineal fistula were enrolled in this study. Via the posterior approach, a Y-shaped incision (＜3 cm) was made to expose the lower rectum and fistula. The external anal sphincter was identified and dissected at the posterior aspect of the lower rectum. The external anal sphincterplasty was performed by overlapping the ends of the muscle around the lower rectum. The rectal perineal fistula was resected and anorectoplasty was performed. Results All surgeries were successfully performed. Voluntary bowel movement and fecal continence was restored on 23 patients after surgery. One 5 years old patient still had constipation. Mild incision infection was found on 1 patient, and was cured after opening the incision and draining the pus. No fecal incontinence or anastomotic stricture was noted. Conclusions Compared with Pena surgery, anorectoplasty and external anal sphincterplasty via posterior approach with Y-shaped incision is less complicated and invasive to repair intermediate and low anorectal malformation complicated with rectal perineal fistula. By using this procedure, better sphincter shape and fecal function is achieved on patients.     

Neurovesical dysfunction in children after surgery for high or intermediate anorectal malformations

Aim: To evaluate problems with bladder dysfunction in patients operated on for imperforate anus. Methods: All patients (11M, 25F) with high or intermediate imperforate anus seen in this institution between 1987 and 1997 were subjected to the investigation. They had all undergone a posterior sagittal anorectoplasty procedure with the aim of preserving as much as possible of the fistula. Hospital charts were reviewed. A detailed and structured interview regarding micturition habits was performed. If the results of this were abnormal the patients were also subjected to flow registration, measurements of residual urinary volume and in some cases also cystometry. Results: Micturition habits were normal in 30 out of 36 children. The remaining six, considered to have neurovesical dysfunction (NVD), had difficulties in emptying their bladder and exhibited pathological residual volumes. Two were boys with rectourethral fistulae, two were girls with cloacal malformations and two were girls with rectovestibular fistulae. Four out of six children with NVD had sacral anomalies.

Conclusion: NVD may occur even in the absence of sacral anomalies. A 4 h micturition observation is recommended in all newborns with intermediate or high anorectal anomalies to recognize the occurrence of NVD at an early stage.     

Management of recurrent or overlooked rectourethral fistula and urethral injury resulting from treatment of imperforate anus

Recurrent or overlooked rectourethral fistula and urethral injury may result from errors in the diagnosis and treatment of imperforate anus. It is common for the patients to be referred to another surgeon after several failed reoperations. We present three cases successfully treated by the posterior sagittal approach. This procedure is ideally suited for patients who have previously been operated upon by other techniques, since an excellent operative field is obtained. It also has the advantage of allowing correction of the bowel position within the striated muscle complex, thus improving the chances for good fecal continence.     

先天性肛门直肠畸形术后便秘合并巨结肠的临床特点及处理

目的 总结先天性肛门直肠畸形术后顽固性便秘合并巨结肠的临床特点和治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析2005年8月至2010年7月收治的顽固性便秘合并巨结肠23例临床资料,男10例,女13例.首次手术年龄3 d至6岁,术前诊断均为中低位肛门直肠畸形.23例患儿均以肛门成形术后便秘就诊.下消化道气钡造影显示下端结肠及直肠扩张,无移行段,排钡延迟.本次手术年龄1岁2个月至15岁8个月.均采用Soave巨结肠根治术.结果 术前见肛门外观大致正常13例,外观正常合并直肠尿道瘘1例,肛门开口位置前移6例,瘢痕回缩2例,肛门外口狭窄1例.术中进入盆腔后即为扩张肠管,系膜增生增厚,肠壁血管增生粗大.13例单纯经会阴手术,10例经腹会阴手术,其中1例同时回肠末端造瘘.9例巨结肠切除同时,再次行肛门成形术,1例巨结肠切除同时行前矢状入路直肠尿道瘘修补术.病理检查15例切除肠管远近段,可见神经节细胞者,8例肠管远端无神经节细胞者,23例均见肌层增生肥厚,肌纤维变性,肌层排列紊乱.二次术后随诊肛门功能李氏评分5～6分.结论 先天性肛门直肠畸形术后顽固性便秘往往并发巨结肠改变,影像显示为肠管局限性扩张、僵硬和动力紊乱.采取手术治疗,切除病变肠管,做必要的肛门解剖缺陷修复,术后效果良好.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment of intractable constipation in children with repaired anorectal malformation.Methods Between August 2005 and July 2010,23 children with a history of anorectal malformation (ARM) repair were diagnosed with intractable constipation,and underwent surgical treatment at this center.The patients,including 10 boys and 13 girls,underwent primary surgeries to repair low or intermediate type of ARMs.Their ages at the primary surgery ranged from 3 days to 6 years old.Physical examinations found normal appearance of anus on 14 children including 1 with rectourethral fistula,anus antelocation on 6,cicatricial retraction of anus on 2,and anal stricture on 1.The positive barium enema revealed the dilated distal colon and rectum without transition zones,and delayed barium transit time.The patients' age at the second surgery ranged from 1 year and 2 months to 15 years and 8 months old.Results Dilated distal colon and rectum,with increased intestinal wall and mesentery thickness as well as proliferated blood vessels,was found during surgery on all patients.However,no transition zone was observed.To remove the dilated intestine,transanal Soave procedure was performed on 13 children,and the other 10 underwent abdomino-perineal Soave procedure including 1 had additional ileostomy.Besides the megacolon resection,9 patients also underwent anoplasty,and rectourethral fistula was also repaired on 1 patient.At the distal end of the removed intestine,pathological examination revealed ganglion cells in 15 patients,and no ganglion cells in 8 patients.Hypertrophy,degeneration and derangement of the intestinal smooth muscle cells were also observed.After reoperation,patients' anal function was graded as 5 or 6 according to Lizheng's anal function scoring criteria.Conclusions Intractable constipation after ARM repair is usually caused by acquired megacolon.It can be cured by megacolon resection.     

Considerations before repair of acquired rectourethral and urethrovaginal fistulas in children

Background

Acquired rectourethral or urethrovaginal fistula between the rectum or vaginal and lower urinary tract is an uncommon entity, which occurs as a consequence of pelvic disorder, including trauma, iatrogenic injury, inflammatory bowel disease, pelvic neoplasm or infection. But when is it appropriate to repair the fistula and what methods to be chosen? There has been no consensus on them. This study was undertaken to determine the timing of the procedure and the repair of rectourethral and urethrovaginal fistula.

Methods

From 1998 to 2006, we treated 19 children with rectourethral or urethrovaginal fistula, including rectourethral fistula in 15 boys and urethrovaginal fistula in 4 girls. The mean age of the patients was 6.2 years (range, 8 months to 11.5 years). The fistula occurred after pelvic fracture in 10 patients, and after iatrogenic injury in 9 including 4 after radical operation for Hirschsprung’s disease and 5 due to anorectal malformation. Preoperatively, the general and local infections were controlled thoroughly, and complications such as urethral stricture and secondary megacolon were treated at first. At least 6 months after the last procedure, all patients underwent the 1-stage York-Mason procedure (via parasacrococcygeal incision) without colostomy and suprapubic cystostomy. Intraoperatively, the entire fistulous tract was excised completely.

Results

Infection and partial dehiscence of the wound occurred in 2 patients respectively. All fistulae were closed successfully without fecal incontinence or postoperative anal stricture. No patient suffered from urinary incontinence after fistula repair. The scars around the fistula were removed because they would shrink and lead to subsequent urethral occlusion or stricture.

Conclusions

The timing of operation for acquired rectourethral or urethrovaginal fistula is appropriate at least 6 months after the last procedure. The 1-stage York-Mason procedure for the repair of the fistula is feasible and effective.