基于工业以太网的太阳能发电监测系统的设计

为了提高太阳能发电设备的稳定性及工作效率,设计了一种基于工业以太网的太阳能发电监测系统。该系统利用多个传感器实时监测各个太阳能极板的温度、蓄电池温度以及太阳辐射值,采用工业以太网实现各个太阳能极板数据采集装置之间组网,实现数据的交互,通过网关装置中的4G传输模块将接收到的数据打包后统一发送到服务器中。实际测试结果表明,系统能有效地监测到太阳能发电过程中各个太阳能极板的工作参数,便于了解太阳能各个发电阵列的工作情况,提高太阳能极板的发电效率,预防故障发送。     

基于物联网的太阳能发电监测系统的设计

为了保证太阳能发电设备稳定高效运行,文中设计了一种基于物联网的太阳能发电远程监测系统。该系统以AM3352为开发平台,主要设计了太阳能传感器数据采集节点电路、采集节点数据传输电路、GPRS传输电路以及AM3352最小系统电路等。实验表明,该系统能实时有效监控太阳能发电过程中的各个参数,可实现对太阳能发电阵列环境的监测,便于及时对其维护和检修。     

太阳能热发电技术进展及产业链分析

太阳能热发电主要包括槽式、塔式以及碟式发电。对太阳能热发电产业链进行了分析,针对三种类型电站的各个组件,包括吸收器、反射面、蓄热装置、支撑结构以及跟踪控制系统进行介绍,并介绍了这些部件的研究、应用现状以及设备生产厂商的情况。     

太阳能光伏发电并网控制研究

主要介绍了太阳能光伏发电并网控制技术,包括太阳能光伏发电现状与发展前景、太阳能利用的重要意义、并网光伏系统的容量设计、并网光伏系统与电网的连接、太阳能光伏系统的工作原理、并网控制的目的与方式、并网控制方法、并网发电的优点以及最大功率点跟踪方法,希望能为促进太阳能光伏并网发电技术发展、提高能源利用率提供一些技术支持,为更好地推广太阳能技术打下基础。     

分布式风力-太阳能发电系统电能质量在线监测系统研究

随着风力发电和太阳能发电的发展,各种大功率变流器广泛使用,风力-太阳能发电并网后会向电网输送大量谐波,影响电网的稳定运行,为降低谐波对电网的影响,有必要实时监测风力-太阳能发电系统的电能质量,以便采取相应的治理措施。研制了一种分布式风力-太阳能发电系统电能质量在线监测系统,该系统包括一次传感器、高压侧信号采集器、低压侧信号接收及上位机数据分析系统四个部分,可完成风力-太阳能发电电能质量相关指标的测量,包括电压、电流、功率、谐波等数据的测量及存储,具有很高的实用价值。     

万向节式太阳跟踪方法及跟踪装置

为了提高光伏发电系统的太阳方位跟踪精度,降低太阳方位跟踪装置的制造成本,提出了一种新的太阳跟踪方法及跟踪装置。该方法通过将太阳方位角及高度角的参数进行换算,得到与之对应的两个驱动转角参数,根据这新的参数驱动太阳能电池板进行万向节式的运动以跟踪太阳。新设计的跟踪装置包括太阳方位监测模块、参数计算模块、驱动装置、自方位误差测定模块以及反馈控制模块,能及时采集太阳方位参数进行换算,并且能够根据太阳能电池板方位误差修正实时联动的频率与步幅。新型太阳方位跟踪装置跟踪精度高,跟踪时间间隔小,结构简单且造价低。     

小功率太阳能光伏并网发电系统分析

随着对新型能源的开发和利用,太阳能作为新兴能源的一种,因具有清洁度高、再生性强等特点,逐渐引起世界各国的重视。太阳能光伏发电主要有独立运行和并网运行两种工作方式,其中,并网运行方式将逐渐成为今后太阳能光伏发电的主要形式。现针对小功率太阳能光伏发电并网系统的基本概念、发展现状、面临的问题、优缺点以及主要技术进行了详细介绍。     

系统耦合试验装置监控系统设计

本文介绍了监控系统设计,包括各个工艺系统的设计、报警连锁、控制室等的设计。系统耦合试验装置监控系统对整个系统进行监控,并得到发电元件和散热部件的试验数据,以及各分系统的运行状态。监控系统负责对系统耦合试验装置各个工艺系统进行数字化监控,是系统耦合试验装置的指挥中心。     

煤矿刮板输送机传动部件实时监测系统的研究

根据煤矿刮板输送机传动部件故障表现形式,确定实时监测系统主要监测参数以及传动部件的监测点,设计了一套针对煤矿刮板输送机传动部件的实时监测系统,可以确定设备的实时工作状态,预测传动系统零部件的故障情况,并通过振动数据分析,推断出故障部位和故障类型。对减速器现场拆解后进行验证,与振动监测数据的分析推断的结果相吻合。     

独立光伏发电系统储能和逆变装置设计

随着世界化石能源日益紧张以及其利用过程给环境带来损害,以太阳能为首的新能源越来越受到全球各国的重视。如果提高太阳能的利用效率,就能为世界能源结构带来突破性改变。立足于太阳能光伏发电相关应用,设计了一款带储能装置的独立光伏发电系统。以直流/直流(DC/DC)变换的方式,利用光伏电池最大功率点跟踪技术,实现充电过程太阳能的高效利用,并在储电后对直流电压逆变,实现直流电压向220 V交流电压的转变。该装置的成功设计对推动太阳能的多方面利用具有参考价值。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.     

Fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking

This paper investigates a fractional terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking in the presence of inertia uncertainties and extern...     

奥氏体不锈钢表面双辉等离子渗锆的动力学

利用双辉等离子渗金属技术在0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了一层均匀、致密、呈良好冶金结合的渗锆合金层,并对1 060℃下的渗锆动力学进行了研究。结果表明:随着距锆合金层表面距离的增加,锆元素的含量呈梯度递减,扩散系数逐渐减小,而扩散激活能逐步增大;在1 060℃采用双辉等离子技术渗锆时,渗锆合金层表层的空位密度为2.945×(1012~1013)cm-2,与相同温度下采用常规渗金属工艺相比,提高了1~2个数量级。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.