HeLa细胞的反式作用因子CTF／NF—1与其顺式作用元件的特异性作用

本文运用凝胶延迟反应和足迹法研究了ＨｅＬａ细胞核蛋白中的反式作用因子ＣＴＦ／ＮＦ－１与其对应的顺式作用元件的特异性作用。研究结果表明ＨｅＬａ细胞的ＣＴＦ／ＮＦ－１包含有不同分子量的组分,它们均能特异性结合于特异位点ＡＴＡＴＴＧＧＣＴＴＣＡＡＧＣＣＡＡＡＡＴＧＧＡ序列,形成至少５种不同分子量形式的因子－元件复合物,这一结果对阐明ＣＴＦ／ＮＦ－１复杂多样的调控机制及其组成种类有重要意义,此外,本文还建     

胰岛素基因及其顺式作用元件和反式作用因子

胰岛素基因及其顺式作用元件和反式作用因子杨绍华,陈俊杰（华西医科大学生化与重组ＤＮＡ室,成都６１００４１）关键词胰岛素基因,顺式作用元件,反式作用因子胰岛素基因迄今虽已从多种脊椎动物分离克隆、但对它的研究主要是以鼠和人的基因为对象进行的。除三种鼠（大...     

植物非生物胁迫诱导启动子顺式作用元件的研究方法

非生物胁迫严重影响植物生长发育,降低作物产量。植物通过各种途径忍受或抵抗非生物胁迫,主要表现是各种抗非生物胁迫基因的表达。基因表达受其上游启动子及转录因子的调控,目前对抗非生物胁迫诱导启动子顺式作用元件及转录因子的研究成为热点。本文综述了植物非生物胁迫诱导启动子顺式作用元件及转录因子的研究方法,并展望了顺式作用元件及转录因子研究的方向及前景。     

LCRG1基因启动子关键顺式调节元件的鉴定

LCRG1基因(laryngeal carcinoma related genel,LCRG1)是一个新的喉癌候选抑瘤基因,其转录调控机制一直未被阐明.通过限制性内切酶酶切介导对LCRG1基因(-169～+127)区域进行剪切体分析,将LCRG1基因最小启动子定位于-169～-57.应用连接体扫描突变体分析,将关键顺式作用元件确定在-137～-122.生物信息学提示该区存在SP1、E2F1/DP1、EKLF和ZF9转录因子结合位点.利用已知反式作用因子与报告基因质粒进行共转染,提示Sp1为有效的反式作用因子,且能上调LCRG1基因的表达.凝胶迁移阻滞实验确定LCRG1基因关键的顺式作用元件区域具有Sp1结合位点.LCRG1基因启动子-137～-122片段在该基因表达过程中可能起重要作用,为LCRG1基因功能研究提供了新的证据.     

抗逆基因AtRPK1启动子关键顺式作用元件的研究

为确定拟南芥抗逆相关基因AtRPK1启动子的顺式功能元件,对其启动子区进行了分段克隆。通过5'端缺失方法得到203、316、604、809 bp 4个启动子片段,分别构建成p1300-pro-GUS表达载体,并转入拟南芥,进行GUS染色和GUS定量检测。通过对809 bp全长启动子转基因拟南芥GUS染色发现,转基因拟南芥的叶片、茎、花、根中均有表达,在分生能力强的组织和维管束集中的组织,AtRPK1基因启动子具有较高启动表达能力。5'端缺失启动子检测结果表明,转录起始点到启动子上游-114位点区域包含AtRPK1基因启动子的关键顺式作用元件。对启动子缺失片段转基因植株利用200 mmol·L-1NaCl胁迫3 h后,β-葡萄糖苷酸酶活力定量检测结果表明,在启动子上游-19位点处的GT-1顺式作用元件GAAAAA可能直接与盐胁迫应答相关。     

关于回交世代方差中加性×显性分量的讨论A

当两系统存在k对基因差异,P1中增效基因为k-k’对,减效基因k’对时,两纯系杂交回交群体遗传方差加性×显性分量的数学式为F=(k-k’)∑(i=1)d1h1-k’∑(i=1) d1h1.。F的大小决定于显性齐性和基因分散的程度。因此在一般情况下,F的遗传含义是混杂不清的。只有基因完全相联时F=k∑(i=1)d1h1,与Mather 和Jinks 的推导结果一致,这时F反映显性齐性程度。Abstract: Assuming kpairs of different genes between two pure parental lines (P1 and P2), k-k’ pairs of increasing genes and k’ pairs of deereasing genes in P1,the comoponent of additive×dominance in the genetic variance of the backcross generation is represented as F=(k-k’)∑(i=1)d1h1-k’∑(i=1) d1h1.The component F is determined by both the consistency of dominance and the dispersion of genes. In genetral, the genetic implication of the component F is complexity.Only under the situation of complete associates of genes F=k∑(i=1)d1h1,which agrees with the result by Mather and Jinks. In such case, F illustrates the consistency of dominance.     

CKLFSF1基因与CKLFSF2基因间存在的顺式作用元件

探讨趋化素样因子超家族成员 1,2基因 (CKLFSF1基因与CKLFSF2基因 )间的短序列对其下游基因表达的调控作用 .运用PCR技术扩增CKLFSF1基因与CKLFSF2基因间的序列 ,将此片段插入含有萤光素酶 (luciferase)报告基因载体上 .以磷酸钙介导基因转染技术 ,将重组质粒以及阴性和阳性对照组质粒转染到HeLa细胞 ,进行瞬时表达分析 .在pGL3 Basic质粒中的报告基因萤光素酶无表达 ,但将CKLFSF1与CKLFSF2基因间的序列插入到启动子上游或下游后 ,显著抑制其下游基因的表达 ,萤光素酶活性明显降低 .结果提示 ,CKLFSF1与CKLFSF2基因间的序列不具有启动子活性 ,但是该序列对其下游基因表达具有负调控作用     

LCRG1基因启动子关键顺式调节元件的鉴定

LCRG1基因( laryngeal carcinoma related gene1,LCRG1 )是一个新的喉癌候选抑瘤基因,其转录调控机制一直未被阐明．通过限制性内切酶酶切介导对LCRG1基因 (-169～+127)区域进行剪切体分析,将LCRG1基因最小启动子定位于-169～-57．应用连接体扫描突变体分析,将关键顺式作用元件确定在-137～-122．生物信息学提示该区存在SP1、E2F1/DP1、EKLF和ZF9转录因子结合位点．利用已知反式作用因子与报告基因质粒进行共转染,提示Spl为有效的反式作用因子,且能上调LCRG1基因的表达．凝胶迁移阻滞实验确定LCRG1基因关键的顺式作用元件区域具有Spl结合位点．LCRG1基因启动子-137～-122片段在该基因表达过程中可能起重要作用,为LCRG1基因功能研究提供了新的证据．     

HIV－1载体中存在着提高转录和翻译基因的元件

目的研究HIV-1载体中的一些元件如Rev和Tat蛋白对其骨架的转录及外源基因表达水平的影响。方法将HIV-1表达GFP载体（FUGW）单独或分别与Rev蛋白表达质粒（pLP2）、Tat蛋白表达质粒（pcDNA3.1-Tat）,及表达Rev和Tat蛋白的质粒（△8．9）等摩尔共转染人293T细胞后,经实时定量RT-PCR、FACS、荧光显微镜镜检等方法检测,比较其表达量。结果Rev与RRE结合后,载体骨架及外源基因的转录是单独转染FUGW时的3倍,Tat与TAR结合后,则提高其骨架及外源基因的转录近4倍,而Rev和Tat蛋白的协同作用,其转录本则可提高至6倍。FACS和荧光显微镜镜检也显示GFP蛋白表达量明显提高。F-TPO载体（HIV-1载体乳腺特异表达促血小板生成素）与△8．9在小鼠乳腺上皮细胞HC-11共转染和表达,则TPO蛋白的表达量接近pcDNA3．1-TPO载体的8倍。结论HIV-1载体中存在着提高转录和翻译基因的元件,可提高其骨架的转录和外源基因的表达,且该现象并不依赖于细胞类型和外源基因的种类。     

玉米转录因子zmCBF1的凝胶阻滞分析

凝胶阻滞试验是分析核酸与蛋白质相互作用的有效方法,在转录因子的功能分析中得到了广泛应用。以玉米转录因子zmCBF1与顺式元件CRT的结合为例,建立了用于转录因子分析的GRA/EMSA实验体系,并对其在应用中可能出现的问题进行了分析。     

Purification and characterization of MerR, the regulator of the broad-spectrum mercury resistance genes in Streptomyces lividans 1326

Streptomyces lividans 1326 carries inducible mercury resistance genes on the chromosome, which are arranged in two divergently transcribed operons. Expression of the genes is negatively regulated by the repressor MerR, which binds in the intercistronic region between the two operons. The merR gene was expressed in E. coli using a T7 RNA polymerase/promoter expression system, and MerR was purified to around 95% homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, gel filtration and affinity chromatography. Gel filtration showed that the native MerR is a dimer with a molecular mass of 31 kDa. Two DNA binding sites were identified in the intercistronic mer promoter region by footprinting experiments. No evidence for cooperativity in the binding of MerR to the adjacent operator sequences was observed in gel mobility shift assays. The dissociation constants (K_D) for binding of MerR were: binding site I, 8.5 × 10⁻⁹ M; binding site II, 1.2 × 10⁻⁸ M; and for the complete promoter/operator region 1 × 10⁻⁸ M. The half-life of the MerR-DNA complex was 19.4 min and 18.8 min for binding site I and binding site II, respectively. The K_D value for binding of mercury(II)chloride to MerR, again determined by mobility shift assay, was 1.1 × 10⁻⁷ M. Received: 18 August 1998 / Accepted: 5 May 1999     

Reduced activity of Arabidopsis chromosome-cohesion regulator gene CTF7/ECO1 alters cytosine methylation status and retrotransposon expression

Multicellular organisms such as higher plants require timely regulation of DNA replication and cell division to grow and develop. Recent work in Arabidopsis has shown that chromosome segregation during meiosis and mitosis depends on the activity of several genes that in yeast are involved in the establishment of chromosomal cohesion. In this process, proteins of the STRUCTURAL MAINTENANCE OF CHROMOSOMES (SMC) family tether chromosomes and establish inter- and intrachromosomal connections. In Arabidopsis, recruitment of SMC proteins and establishment of cohesion during key stages of the cell cycle depend on the activity of CHROMOSOME TRANSMISSION FIDELITY 7/ESTABLISHMENT OF COHESION 1 (CTF7/ECO1). Here we show that loss of CTF7/ECO1 activity alters the status of cytosine methylation in both intergenic regions and transposon loci. An increase in expression was also observed for transposon copia28, which suggests a link between CTF7/ECO1 activity, DNA methylation and gene silencing. More work is needed to determine the mechanistic relationships that intervene in this process.     

Maize Activator transposase has a bipartite DNA binding domain that recognizes subterminal sequences and the terminal inverted repeats

 The mobility of maize transposable element Activator (Ac) is dependent on the 11-bp terminal inverted repeats (IRs) and approximately 250 subterminal nucleotides at each end. These sequences flank the coding region for the transposase (TPase) protein, which is required for the transposition reaction. Here we show that Ac TPase has a bipartite DNA binding domain, and recognizes the IRs and subterminal sequences in the Ac ends. TPase binds cooperatively to repetitive ACG and TCG sequences, of which 25 copies are found in the 5′ and 20 copies in the 3′ subterminal regions. TPase affinity is highest when these sites are flanked on the 3′ side by an additional G residue (A/TCGG), which is found at 75% of binding sites. Moreover, TPase binds specifically to the Ac IRs, albeit with much lower affinity. Two mutations within the IRs that immobilize Ac abolish TPase binding completely. The basic DNA binding domain of TPase is split into two subdomains. Binding to the subterminal motifs is accomplished by the C-terminal subdomain alone, whereas recognition of the IRs requires the N-terminal subdomain in addition. Furthermore, TPase is extremely flexible in DNA binding. Two direct or inverted binding sites are bound equally well, and sites that are five to twelve bases apart are similarly well bound. The consequences of these findings for the Ac transposition reaction are discussed. Received: 3 June 1996 / Accepted: 29 July 1996     

成骨细胞特异性转录因子Cbfa1重组腺病毒质粒的构建与鉴定

目的:构建成骨细胞特异性转录因子——核心结合因子α1(Cbfa1)重组腺病毒载体,为后期应用Cbfa1基因治疗股骨头坏死、骨折和骨缺损等疾病奠定基础。方法:以目的基因Cbfa1全长cDNA为模板进行PCR扩增,将扩增产物克隆到pShuttle-CMV载体的相应酶切位点,获得目的基因载体pShuttle-CMV-Cbfa1,在大肠杆菌BJ5183中和pAdEasy-1同源重组,筛选阳性克隆,经酶切、PCR及测序鉴定,线性化后用脂质体法转染HEK293细胞进行包装、扩增,用报告基因GFP对病毒滴度和感染效率进行监测,酚氯仿抽提纯化病毒,AdEasy1/Cbfa1感染间充质干细胞(MSC)后检测Cbfa1的表达。结果:测序、酶切及PCR证实Cbfa1基因重组腺病毒载体构建成功,AdEasy1/Cbfa1感染MSC后Cbfa1的表达显著升高。结论:构建了含Cbfa1基因的重组腺病毒载体,该基因能促进MSC向成骨细胞分化,预示其可作为治疗基因应用于股骨头坏死、骨折和骨缺损的治疗。