铵盐焙烧法处理低品位锰矿的工艺研究

研究了混合铵盐焙烧法处理低品位锰矿的工艺条件，确定最佳条件为：锰矿石：氯化铵：硫酸铵=20：10：5，450℃焙烧60min。中试结果表明，锰浸出率〉85％，浸出液经沉淀干燥后得到的锰精矿达到了中华人民共和国黑色金属行业标准YB／T319—1997中规定的A类一级品的要求。     

低品位碳酸锰矿铵盐焙烧富锰工艺研究

研究了铵盐焙烧法处理低品位碳酸锰矿的工艺条件，确定最佳条件为：矿石：氯化铵：1：1～1．2，400-450℃焙烧60-90min。焙砂用60～90℃热水浸取10-20min，液固比为5：1～10：1，在此条件下，锰浸出率〉90％，浸出液经沉淀干燥后得到Mn〉50％的锰精矿。     

低品位锰矿锰富集试验研究

阐述了低品位锰矿石的选锰试验方法和步骤,试验主要是根据低品位锰矿石的内在成分特点和矿石受热分解原理,采用焙烧方式对低品位锰矿石进行富集,研究出以焙烧的方式选锰的工艺控制条件,为工业试验提供理论基础。     

广西某低品位碳酸锰矿选矿试验研究

针对广西某低品位碳酸锰矿嵌布粒度细、单体解离困难、铁硅含量高、以菱锰矿为主等特点,经研究,试验采用湿式强磁选法回收该锰矿。在磨矿细度-0.074 mm占75%、粗、扫选磁场强度1.35 T、精选磁场强度1.07 T条件下,进行一粗一精一扫强磁选试验,实验室小型闭路试验可获得锰品位15.53%、锰回收率77.79%的锰精矿;扩大连续试验可获得锰品位15.57%、回收率76.18%的锰精矿。     

云南省建水县白显锰矿区低品位残锰矿的回收利用

利用采测数据分析了云南省建水县白显锰矿的资源现状,经过科学合理地实施低品位残矿回收工程,使矿区的采矿回采率提高1.45%,低品位残矿回收18.36万t,年采矿量由5万t/a提高到9万t/a,有效回收利用紧缺锰矿石资源,缓解了企业资源危机,延长了矿山服务年限。累计增加收入9 013.87万元,为企业带来了较好经济效益。同时减少了地表废渣排放量。     

美国低品位锰矿生产电解金属锰工艺技术方案

美国锰业公司计划在美国亚利桑那洲开采低品位氧化锰矿,建设年产5万t电解金属锰工厂。2010年7月该公司公布了Kemetco Research Inc．公司对该项目进行的实验室规模冶金技术试验总结报告。对该报告所披露的概念工艺流程方案进行了介绍。     

用低品位锰矿和废硫酸亚铁制备高纯二氧化锰的研究

介绍了由低品位锰矿和废硫酸亚铁制备高纯二氧化锰的工艺，二氧化锰产品化学成分含量优于ＺＢＧ１３００１－８６的一级品标准，并用热分析法测定其晶型为优良的ｒ型二氧化锰．     

高硅低品位锰矿加压浸出锰的试验研究

试验研究了高硅低品位锰矿与黄铁矿在加压条件下浸出反应的工艺原理和过程,讨论了硫酸用量、黄铁矿用量、浸出温度、浸出时间、液固比等工艺条件对锰浸出率的影响.试验研究结果表明,在最佳浸出条件下,锰浸出率可达到97％以上.     

低品位氧化锰矿酸浸制备硫酸锰

研究一步法还原浸出低品位氧化锰矿制备硫酸锰工艺。使用亚硫酸盐作为还原剂,采用黄铁矾法除铁,硫化盐法去除重金属离子,最终制备出适用于电解的硫酸锰溶液。结果表明:矿样10g,硫酸用量6mL,亚硫酸钠用量6g,90℃浸出100min,可以获得的96.42%锰浸出率;控制中和调浆终点pH=2.5,铁浸出率0.02%;控制除杂终点pH=4.5时,滤液达到合格电解液的标准。     

甘肃青砂沟大型低品位锰矿地质特征及找矿方向

甘肃省青砂沟锰矿在阿尔金走滑断裂北侧,是蓟县系地层中发现的海相沉积型大型锰矿床,介绍了区域地质背景,总结和归纳了矿床地质特征,主要从矿区地质特征、矿石质量等方面,对矿床成因类型和找矿标志进行分析,提出找矿方向。     

甲醛-硫酸亚铁协同还原浸出低品位氧化锰矿

在硫酸介质中以甲醛-硫酸亚铁为还原剂协同还原软锰矿,考察了甲醛-硫酸亚铁摩尔比、温度、反应时间、转速、硫酸浓度等因素对锰、铝的浸出率及溶液中铁和有机残留甲酸的影响.采用单因素实验获得较佳的还原工艺条件,采用HPLC测定溶液中的甲酸.结果表明,在固定转速为200 r/min、液固比为8 ml/g时,最佳反应条件为:甲醛-硫酸亚铁摩尔比1∶3(甲醛1.5 mol)、浸出时间3 h、硫酸浓度3 mol/L、温度90℃.在该条件下重复实验,锰的平均浸出率为93.51%,铝的平均浸出率为33.08%,铁的浓度为23.07 mol/L,甲酸浓度为0.001 g/L.     

Simultaneous leaching of a deep-sea manganese nodule and chalcopyrite in hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid leaching of chalcopyrite and a manganese nodule, in combination, was studied using powder samples. Chalcopyrite, which does not dissolve well in HCl, was effectively leached in the presence of a manganese nodule at 3 to 4 M HCl. The rates of dissolution of metal values from the nodule were also enhanced in the presence of chalcopyrite. Dissolution was found to occur through three routes: (1) the galvanic interaction between CuFeS₂ and MnO₂, (2) the action of the Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ redox couple, and (3) the action of Cl₂ gas generated from the MnO₂-HCl reaction on CuFeS₂. The last route appeared to make the major contribution to the dissolution. The combined leaching of a nodule and chalcopyrite appears to be promising from both technical and economic points of view.     

Extraction of manganese from low-grade manganese ores by FeSO4 leaching

An investigation is reported on manganese recovery from the low-grade ores of Orissa, India by ferrous sulphate leaching. Various process parameters including agitation rate, quantity of ferrous sulphate, solid-liquid ratio, temperature, leaching time and particle size were studied in detail and optimum conditions were established on a laboratory scale. The effect of acid additions during ferrous sulphate leaching of the ore were also studied. The data were compared with the results obtained when the ore was treated with synthetic pickle liquors and the effect of prereduction of the ore was also investigated.     

The selective leaching of uranium,vanadium and phosphorus from phosphate ore with hydrochloric acid

The selective leaching of uranium, vanadium, and phosphorus from phosphate ore may be useful in by-product recovery. Experimental results have shown that it is possible to preferentially remove uranium from phosphate ore using dilute HCl (0.05 M). 93 pct of the uranium is leached within 90 min, leaving 94 pct of the phosphorus and 82 pct of the vanadium unattacked. Phosphorus may then be removed by increasing the pH. The apparent activation energies and orders for the leaching reactions were found. For uranium, the apparent order with respect to H⁺ is 1.05 and the apparent activation energy is 7750 J. The apparent order for the leaching of the vanadium minerals with respect to H⁺ is 1.93 and the apparent activation energy is 12800 J. The phosphorus reaction has an apparent order, with respect to H⁺, of 1.98 and an apparent activation energy of 10200 J. The uranium readsorbs at longer times. The readsorption reaction is a function of temperature, particle size, and H⁺ concentration. Two methods of selectivity analysis were used in the analysis of the data-end point analysis and initial rate analysis.     

低品位金矿浸出新工艺研究

本文研究了低品位金矿石的浸出方法。将矿石在700℃焙烧后,掺混一种添加剂,在盐酸溶液中进行搅拌浸出或渗滤浸出,其金的浸出率均大于90％。     

Pressure leaching of high silica Pb-Zn oxide ore in sulfuric acid medium

The pressure leaching of high silica Pb-Zn oxide ore using air as pressurized gas in sulfuric acid medium is studied systematically in the present paper. Study parameters include the concentration of sulfuric acid, partial air pressure, leaching temperature, leaching time, and liquid-to-solid ratio. The experimental results obtained show that under optimum conditions, the extraction percentage of Zn is up to 96% and the extent of dissolution of Si, Pb, and Fe are as low as 1%, 2%, and 6%, respectively. Leaching pulp had good filter performance, and the silicic acid formed during sulfuric acid leaching was transformed into easily filterable dehydrated SiO₂ particles that can enter the slag. The filtration rate can be as high as 893 L/m² h.     

Kinetics of hydrochloric acid leaching of smithsonite

The dissolution kinetics of smithsonite ore in hydrochloric acid solution has been investigated. As such, the effects of particle size (−180 + 150, −250 + 180, −320 + 250, −450 + 320 μm), reaction temperature (25, 30, 35, 40, and 45°C), solid to liquid ratio (25, 50, 100, and 150 g/L) and hydrochloric acid concentration (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 M) on the dissolution rate of zinc were determined. The experimental data conformed well to the shrinking core model, and the dissolution rate was found to be controlled by surface chemical reaction. From the leaching kinetics analysis it can be demonstrated that hydrochloric acid can easily and readily dissolve zinc present in the smithsonite ore, without any filtration problems. The activation energy of the process was calculated as 59.58 kJ/mol. The order of the reaction with respect to HCl concentration, solid to liquid ratio, and particle size were found to be 0.70, −0.76 and −0.95, respectively. The optimum leaching conditions determined for the smithsonite concentrate in this work were found to be 1.5 M HCl, 45°C, −180 + 150 μm, and 25 g/L solid to liquid (S/L) ratio at 500 rpm, which correspond to more than 95% zinc extraction. The rate of the reaction based on shrinking core model can be expressed by a semi-empirical equation as:

Kinetics of reductive leaching of manganese oxide ore with molasses in nitric acid solution

The kinetics of reductive leaching of manganese from a low grade manganese ore in dilute nitric acid in the presence of molasses is examined. The rate is controlled by diffusion through the “product” layer composed of the associated minerals. The leaching process follows the kinetic model 1 − 2/3X − (1 − X)^2/3 = kt with an apparent activation energy of 25.7 kJ/mole. It is concluded that the concentration of HNO₃ and molasses as well as temperature are the main factors influencing the leaching rate. The results indicate a reaction order of 1.2 for HNO₃ concentration and 1.9 for molasses concentration.     

Reductive leaching of manganese from low-grade manganese ore in H2SO4 using cane molasses as reductant

Manganese extraction from a low-grade ore was investigated using cane molasses as a reducing agent in dilute sulfuric acid medium. The effects of concentrations of cane molasses and sulfuric acid, leaching temperature as well as reaction time were discussed. The results showed that high manganese recovery with low Fe and Al extraction yield could be obtained by analyzing the leaching efficiencies of Mn, Fe and Al during the leaching process. The optimal leaching condition was determined as 1.9 mol/L H₂SO₄ and 60.0 g/L cane molasses for 120 min at 90 °C while using particles smaller than 0.147 mm. The leaching efficiencies were 97.0% for Mn, whereas 21.5% for Al and 32.4% for Fe, respectively.     

Reductive leaching of pyrolusite ore by using sawdust for production of manganese sulfate

Manganese compounds, such as manganese sulfate, can be obtained from pyrolusite, a manganese ore. Low-grade manganese ores is usually treated by hydrometallurgical methods. In this study, the leaching and recovery of manganese from pyrolusite ore in sulfuric acid solutions containing sawdust as reducing agent was investigated. The effects of experimental parameters, such as sulfuric acid concentration, sawdust amount, solid-to-liquid ratio, stirring speed, particle size, reaction temperature, and leaching time, on the manganese extraction from ore were examined. The results showed that the leaching rate of pyrolusite ore increased with an increasing sulfuric acid concentration, sawdust amount, stirring speed, reaction temperature and leaching time, and decreasing in solid to liquid ratio and particle size. The kinetic analysis of leaching process was carried out, and it was determined that the reaction rate was controlled by diffusion through the product layer under the experimental conditions in this work. The activation energy was found to be 22.35 kJ mol^?1. Manganese can be recovered as manganese sulfate by the evaporative crystallization of the purified leach liquor.