低损耗聚合物互连光波导的制备及性能测试

对应用于宽带光互连的光印刷电路板(OPCB)制备技术进行了研究。作为光互连系统的传输介质,我们研究了互连光波导的性能。基于紫外光刻技术,在常规PCB基底上制备了聚合物光波导,研究了光波导的制备流程以及工艺参数;并且通过不断优化工艺参数,制备得到了低损耗的光波导;通过测试光波导的传输损耗以及眼图,分析了光波导的性能。光波导在850nm波长条件下的传输损耗可以达到0.13dB/cm,实现了10Gbit/s光通信信号的传输。     

用于片上光网络的光学路由器研究

基于SOI平台的硅基集成光学器件具有高带宽、低功耗、低延迟等优点,为实现片上光互连网络提供了一种可行的技术方案。光学路由器是片上光互连网络中负责节点数据交换的重要器件。介绍了国内外光学路由器的最新研究进展,并着重介绍了利用微环谐振器和马赫-曾德尔光开关构建N端口无阻塞光学路由器的一般性原理,进行了统计分析和仿真结果显示,应用一般性原理构建的光学路由器与之前已报道过的同规模光学路由器相比在开关个数、插入损耗、平均功耗等方面的性能均有所提升。     

一种基于微环的新型4×4非阻塞光路由开关

光互连技术因诸多特性优于电互连而成为片上多核互连最具前景的解决方案。为了提高片上光互连网络架构的性能,采取光器件模块搭建的方法,提出了一种基于微环的新型4×4光路由开关,仅用7个微环构建的拓扑结构便实现了4个双向端口的非阻塞交换,降低了功耗和面积;波导交叉的数量减少到6个,优化了插入损耗。结果表明,该结构相对于经典结构光器件的功耗节省了约8%,光互连层的插入损耗降低了约7%。     

玻璃基片上双层多模光波导的制备

在光学玻璃基片上制作了双层掩埋式多模光波导芯片,这种芯片中的上、下两层光波导均通过熔盐离子交换和电场辅助离子迁移形成。对光波导的横截面以及输出光斑进行了观察,并进行了损耗和串扰测试。研究结果表明:双层多模光波导芯片中上、下两层光波导芯部横截面尺寸分别为29 m19 m和31 m20 m;两层波导的输出光斑尺寸相互匹配;两层波导传输损耗分别为1.000.32 dB/cm和0.780.35 dB/cm;两层光波导之间的串扰在17.7dB左右。这种玻璃基片上的双层多模光波导可以使板级光互连的互连密度增大一倍,提高EOCB的性能。     

自适应光电混合互连分流结构建模与性能分析

针对片上光电混合互连网络(hybrid optoelect ronic network-on-chip,HONoC)拥 塞控制与自适应能力差、无法实现光电联合仿真等问题,提出一种适用于可重构阵列处理器 的自适应光电混合互连分流结构,在此结构上设计了自适应分流路由算法与一种低损耗无阻 塞的5端口光路由器,并搭建了基于System verilog与Verilog的光电混合互连功能仿真与 性能统计模型。实验结果表明,在边缘节点阻塞的情况下所设计的路由算法避免拥塞能力平 均提升了17.5%,光路由器所需交叉波导与微环谐振器数量大幅减少,平均光路由器级插入 损耗仅为0.522 dB,所设计的光电混合互连性能统计模型具有支持 设计拓扑、结构和路由策 略等功能,并且可以对资源使用、功耗开销、插入损耗等性能进行统计分析。     

用于系统级封装的毫米波介质填充波导的研究

基于不断发展的系统级封装技术,提出了一种用于芯片间高速互连的新型可集成的物理器件:硅基毫米波介质填充波导。文中阐述了该器件的物理原理,采用建模、仿真相结合的方法对该模块进行了结构设计,利用新的设计思路结合半导体工艺解决了毫米波互连结构内部的反射、电压驻波比(VSWR)、信号耦合、准TEM-TE-准TEM转换传输问题以及毫米波互连结构阵列中信号泄露的问题,并利用半导体与MEMS加工工艺加以实现。测试结果表明宽度为680μm的单通道矩形波导,-10 d B带宽为9.8 GHz,相对带宽为12.56%;传输损耗为1 d B/cm,工作频带内相邻波导之间串扰低于-40 d B,可以形成大阵列并进行集成,从而实现芯片间数据的并行传输。     

集成电路芯片上光互连研究的新进展

讨论了集成电路向高集成度、高工作频率和高传输速率继续发展时 ,常规金属互连出现的困难以及集成电路芯片上光互连具有的潜在优势 .介绍了组成芯片上光互连的光发射器件、光接收器件和光传输器件等三种基本器件及其与硅集成电路集成的研究新进展 .最后展望了集成电路芯片上光互连的应用前景 .     

集成电路芯片上光互连研究的新进展

讨论了集成电路向高集成度、高工作频率和高传输速率继续发展时,常规金属互连出现的困难以及集成电路芯片上光互连具有的潜在优势．介绍了组成芯片上光互连的光发射器件、光接收器件和光传输器件等三种基本器件及其与硅集成电路集成的研究新进展．最后展望了集成电路芯片上光互连的应用前景．     

可重构阵列处理器光电混合互连原型系统实现

高效视频编码(HEVC)标准在提升编码性能的同时,对系统带宽提出了更高的要求。传统电互连方式存在带宽小和时延大的问题,而光互连的高带宽和低功耗为片上资源数据通信提出了新的解决方案。然而由于工艺水平的限制,集成光器件无法在现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)芯片内部实现。采用片外光器件模拟片上光互连系统可以达到原型验证的目的。文章基于BEE4开发平台在单片上采用电互连方式进行数据通信,在Xilinx V6系列芯片间通过接入4通道小型可插拔+(QSFP+)光模块搭建光通信链路,构建光通信网络,实现了光电混合互连网络原型系统。以分辨率176×144的标准测试序列akiyoqcif176×144.yuv为例进行测试,实验结果表明,以光链路替代片间电通信能够正确实现,且板间传输时间仅为电互连的一半,综合频率为51.327 MHz。     

用于光互连的聚硅氧烷脊型光波导研究

采用软成型和图案转移技术,制备了可用于高速芯片间光互连的大尺寸聚硅氧烷脊型光波导,光波导长度达23cm.利用有效折射率法,对芯层残留层和传输模场的关系进行了分析.采用截断和数字化散射两种方法,测得输入光波长为633nm时的平均传输损耗小于0.14dB/cm.研究结果表明,波导的长度和损耗指标满足高速芯片间光互连的要求.     

Crossbar光交换网络

Crossbar网络是实现高速并行光学处理的一种最重要而有效的光交换网络结构。作为一种无阻塞网络,Crossbar网络具有简单性,易于实现控制,适合于构成光开关矩阵。总结和分析了近20多年来发展的Crossbar光交换网络,介绍了不同Crossbar光交换网络的原理、结构和性能,分析了Crossbar光交换网络的关键技术。目前光学互连网络的发展方向是实现集成大规模光互连。可以预见光学互连网络会朝着更加实用化的方向发展,并在其应用领域发挥越来越重要的作用。     

A 3D multilayer optical network on chip based on mesh topology

Optical Network-on-Chip (ONoC) is becoming a promising solution for high performance on chip interconnection, which draws much attention from many researchers. ONoC combined with 3D integration technology can address some issues of two-dimensional ONoC such as long distance and limited scalability, which have been shown to be effective solutions for further promoting the performance of ONoC. However, the infeasibility of most existing routers with four or five ports poses a problem in 3D optical interconnect as seven-port optical routers are required in 3D networks. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a 3D multilayer optical network on chip (3D MONoC) based on Votex, a non-blocking optical router with seven ports. We describe the optical router and the 3D network in detail. The proposed router architecture not only realizes 3D interconnection and can be utilized in most 3D ONoC, but also can be beneficial in achieving smaller area, lower cost of ONoC. We compare Votex with the traditional \(7\times 7\) optical router based on crossbar, which indicated that Votex can save cost. Moreover, we make a comparison of 3D MONoC employing Votex against its 2D counterpart. Simulation results show that the performance including ETE delay and throughput of 3D MONoC can be improved.     

A New Architecture for Nonblocking Optical Switching Networks

With the current technology, all-optical networks require nonblocking switch architectures for building optical cross-connects. The crossbar switch has been widely used for building an optical cross-connect due to its simple routing algorithm and short path setup time. It is known that the crossbar suffers from huge signal loss and crosstalk. The Clos network uses a crossbar as building block and reduces switch complexity, but it does not significantly reduce signal loss and crosstalk. Although the Spanke's network eliminates the crosstalk problem, it increases the number of switching elements required considerably (to 2N ² - 2N). In this paper, we propose a new architecture for building nonblocking optical switching networks that has much lower signal loss and crosstalk than the crossbar without increasing switch complexity. Using this architecture we can build non-squared nonblocking networks that can be used as building block for the Clos network. The resulting Clos network will then have not only lower signal loss and crosstalk but also a lower switch complexity.     

液晶光学传感器

利用可变光栅模液晶光学传感器设计了一种光学十字开关互联网络系统,该系统可实时地重新组合光学十字开关互联,液晶光学传感器执行强度－空间频率转换。讨论了这种互联网络系统的特性和最优化问题。     

一种全光型光逻辑器件的理论研究

本文提出了光线性传输网络可实现非线性光逻辑功能的概念，从理论上分析了这种逻辑器件的实现原理和性能，并利用Ｙ波导及Ｍａｒｃｈ－Ｚｈｅｎｄｅｒ干涉仪的组合所构成的线性传输网络，实现了ＸＯＲ（异或门）和ＯＲ（或门）的逻辑运算。     

4×4纵横交换微电机械系统光开关阵列

微电机械系统(MEMS)光开关是微电机系统技术与传统光学技术相结合的新型机械式光开关。采用纵横交换网络和通断型微镜实现4×4微电机械系统光开关阵列,利用球透镜单模光纤准直器作为微电机械系统光开关阵列的输入、输出端口。运用高斯光束耦合理论对光开关阵列插入损耗(IL)进行了理论计算,并对引起插入损耗的主要因素进行了分析。对于失调容限:输入与输出光纤准直器位置失调2μm,定位角度失调0.15°,微镜非垂直反射角度失调0.15°,制作了4×4微电机械系统光开关阵列,对其各个通道的插入损耗进行了实验测试,其中最大值为2.77dB。     

Rearrangeable Nonblocking 8 × 8 Matrix Optical Switch Based on Silica Waveguide and Extended Banyan Network

Based on the crossbar network and the Banyan network (BN), a new rearrangeable nonblocking structure of extended Banyan network (EBN) was proposed for implementing an 8 times 8 optical matrix switch. The interconnection characteristics of the rearrangeable nonblocking EBN were studied, and the diagram of the logic program for driving the operation of switching units was provided. A silica waveguide 8 times 8 matrix optical switch was designed and fabricated according to the calculated results. The silica waveguide propagation loss of 0.1 dB/cm and waveguide-fiber coupling loss of 0.5 dB/facet were measured. With the fabricated 8 times 8 matrix optical switch, the insertion loss of 4.6 dB, the crosstalk of -38 dB, the polarization-dependent loss of 0.4 dB, the averaged switching power of 1.6 W, and the switching time of 1 ms were achieved. A basic agreement between experimental results and theoretical calculated values was achieved     

WDM-PON中基于AWG的新型OVPN研究

在波分复用无源光网络(WDM-PON)中,提出了一种基于阵列波导光栅(AWG)的新型光虚拟专用网(OVPN)。OVPN采用环形结构,在不同光网络单元(ONU)之间使用波长通道直接通信,不仅保证了ONU之间通信的安全性,而且提高了网络生存性。分别从光功率损耗和系统误码率(BER)进行了数值分析,结果表明,本文结构不仅增加了通信的安全性,而且仅使用4个波长就能实现16个ONU的相互联接,从而节省了波长资源,且具有很强的抗串扰能力。     

Non-blocking four-port optical router based on thermo- optic silicon microrings

By using silicon-on-insulator(SOI) platform, 12 channel waveguides, and four parallel-coupling one-microring resonator routing elements, a non-blocking four-port optical router is proposed. Structure design and optimization are performed on the routing elements at 1 550 nm. At drop state with a power consumption of 0 m W, the insertion loss of the drop port is less than 1.12 d B, and the crosstalk between the two output ports is less than-28 d B; at through state with a power consumption of 22 m W, the insertion loss of the through port is less than 0.45 d B, and the crosstalk between the two output ports is below-21 d B. Routing topology and function are demonstrated for the four-port optical router. The router can work at nine non-blocking routing states using the thermo-optic(TO) effect of silicon for tuning the resonance of each switching element. Detailed characterizations are presented, including output spectrum, insertion loss, and crosstalk. According to the analysis on all the data links of the router, the insertion loss is within the range of 0.13—3.36 d B, and the crosstalk is less than-19.46 d B. The router can meet the need of large-scale optical network-on-chip(ONo C).