2006年中国聚氨酯论文文摘（十四）

计算机控制小工具抛光技术中磨盘材料对去除函数的影响；家用电器保温隔热用聚合MDI的研制；甲苯二异氰酸酯的毒性及室内相关标准；甲苯二异氰酸酯对小鼠骨髓细胞的影响；甲苯二异氰酸酯光气回收系统工艺改进与优化。     

冰箱用PM-2010在环/异戊烷体系中泡沫性能研究

介绍了冰箱保温用聚合MDI的评价方法。通过自由发泡和模具发泡，研究了PM-2010的反应活性、体系的流动性及其泡沫制品的物理性能；并与国外著名品牌的聚合MDI进行比较。结果表明，PM-2010的上述性能与常用的进口牌号的聚合MDI(44V20L)的性能基本相当，从而确定国产聚合MDI可以用于冰箱生产。     

灾后重建——拉动MDI新的增长点

由于响应国家号召，相关企业加大对灾区支援力度，近期各地活动板房及彩钢板等产品生产热火，而活动板房和彩钢板中间保温夹层是聚合MDI发泡成型的，故一定程度上拉动了近期聚合MDI需求的增长，但这只对近期MDI市场产生利好影响。     

9月份聚合MDI市场分析

9月份国内聚合MDI市场价格仍然处于稳步上升阶段，虽然冰箱下游需求在慢慢减淡，但是保温工程却是进入了旺季，因而对于聚合MDI的需求量并没有减少的迹象。而国内生产厂家供应量的减少，也促使了整体的供需失衡。     

MDI未来最大增长点转移到建筑保温市场

MDI企业加速向国内扩张，而MDI未来需求最大增长点来自建筑保温市场，随着2008年4月1日《节约能源法》的正式实施，未来《建筑节能条例》也即将出台，未来聚合MDI在建筑节能保暖和秸秆生态板领域前景广阔，MDI有望迎来爆发式增长。若建筑节能保温市场启动后，保守估计建筑领域2011年对MDI需求将达100万t，这样，届时国内产能的80％都可以被此领域消耗掉。     

冰箱用PM-2010在环戊烷体系中发泡行为研究

介绍了冰箱保温用聚合MDI的评价方法,同时对烟台万华聚氨酯股份有限公司的冰箱专用聚合MDI原料PM 2010进行评价,并与国外著名品牌的聚合MDI进行比较。从平均密度、密度分析和最大密度差及其它泡沫制品物理性能的比较结果表明,PM 2010可以用于冰箱生产。     

冰箱用聚合MDI发泡行为的研究

新开发的冰箱专用料聚合MDI(PM-2010)进行发泡行为的研究,并与国外著名品牌的聚合MDI进行比较。结果表明,PM-2010可用于生产冰箱保温泡沫。     

水性隔热保温建筑涂料的研究

采用非离子型/阴离子型/两性型复合乳化剂制备了有机硅改性的丙烯酸酯乳液。考察了聚合温度、乳化剂配比、乳化剂用量及有机硅用量对乳液稳定性能的影响。以自制的改性硅丙乳液为成膜物质,在水性涂料配方的基础上加入中空玻璃微珠,制得隔热保温性能优良的水性隔热涂料,并考察了玻璃微珠用量对涂膜隔热保温性能的影响。     

聚合MDI中二环化合物含量对发泡性能的影响

制备了不同2，4’-MDI含量、不同二环化合物含量的聚合MDI样品，分别与以CFC-1l和环戊烷为发泡剂的组合聚醚进行了发泡实验，考察了其流动性和脱模性能与组成的关系。实验结果表明，当聚合MDI与2种组合聚醚进行发泡时，2，4’-MDI含量对聚合MDI的发泡流动性影响较小，而对后熟化性能的影响明显，随2，4’-MDI含量的增加，脱模变形呈直线上升的趋势。与此对应，无论是CFC-1l型组合聚醚还是环戊烷型组合聚醚，二环化合物含量对聚合MDI的发泡流动性能和后熟化性能影响很大，是影响聚合MDI应用性能的关键因素。二环化合物含量的增加，可以显著地提高泡沫的发泡高度指数、降低密度分布系数，改善聚合MDI的发泡流动性能，但泡沫的脱模变形量增大，后熟化性能明显变差。     

聚合MDI中三环化合物含量对硬质聚氨酯发泡性能的影响

对不同三环化合物含量组成的聚合MDI分别与CFC-11型组合聚醚和环戊烷(CP)型组合聚醚混合制备硬质聚氨酯泡沫的发泡性能进行了研究。实验表明，随着聚合MDI中三环化合物含量的增加，聚合MDI发泡的高度指数升高、密度分布系数下降，改善了聚合MDI的发泡流动性；但泡沫的脱模变形量加大，后熟化性能下降。     

多胺光气化制MDI过程中化学问题的探讨

本文研究探讨了多胺光气化制MDI过程中的化学问题,揭示了影响聚合MDI质量,诸如NCO的含量和储存稳定性的化学因素,确立了多胺光气化制MDI过程中影响聚合MDI质量的关键因素及过程。     

聚合MDI改性BMC研究

以聚合MDI作为增稠剂改性团状模塑料(BMC),考察了聚合MDI用量增稠不饱和聚酯树脂(UP)和聚合MDI增稠不同质量比的不饱和聚酯树脂(UP)/环氧乙烯基树脂(VE)的混杂树脂对BMC物理性能的影响。结果表明,聚合MDI的加入能改善BMC的物理性能,聚合MDI增稠VE时,当质量分数为6%时,BMC的拉伸、弯曲和冲击强度均达到最大,收缩率最小;聚合MDI增稠UP/VE混杂树脂时,UP/VE质量比在25/45到35/35时,能获得最小的收缩率和力学性能。     

Soybean oil based polyisocyanurate cast resins

Two series of polyisocyanurates were prepared from polymeric 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and soy‐based or polypropylene oxide polyols by varying isocyanate indexes from 105 to 350. Increasing isocyanate index gave polyisocyanurates with increased thermal stability, flame resistance, tensile strength, modulus, and glass transition. Impact was lower. Soy‐based polyisocyanurates displayed better thermal stability, higher rigidity (modulus), and higher strength than those based on the propylene oxide polyols of the same molecular weight and functionality. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3333–3337, 2003     

Polyether–maleimide‐based crosslinked self‐healing polyurethane with Diels–Alder bonds

The Diels–Alder (DA) reaction is particularly desirable for the preparation of heat‐stimuli self‐healing polymeric materials because of its thermal reversibility, high yield, and minimal side reactions. Some attempts were conducted to synthesize polyether–maleimide‐based crosslinked self‐healing polyurethane with DA bonds (C‐PEMIPU–DA) through the reactions of the prepolymer (polymeric MDI/PBA‐1000) functionalized by furfuryl amine and polyether–maleimide without benzene in this study. The structures of intermediates and C‐PEMIPU–DA were first confirmed by ¹H‐NMR, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Next, the thermal reversibility and the self‐healing performance of C‐PEMIPU–DA were studied by ¹H‐NMR, polarizing optical microscopy, tensile testing, and a sol–gel process. The results show that C‐PEMIPU–DA exhibited interesting properties of thermal reversibility and self‐healing. The polymers could be applied to self‐healing materials or recyclable materials in the fields of the repair of composite structures and aging parts because of their thermosetting properties at room temperature and thermoplasticity at higher temperatures. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41944.     

Mechanical and thermal properties of biocomposites from poly(lactic acid) and DDGS

Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), an ethanol industry coproduct, is used mainly as a low‐value feedstuff. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a leading biodegradable polymer, but its applications are limited by its relatively high cost. In this study, low‐cost, high‐performance biodegradable composites were prepared through thermal compounding of DDGS and PLA with methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) as a coupling agent. Mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of the composites were studied. The coupling mechanism of MDI in the PLA/DDGS system was confirmed via Fourier‐transform infrared spectra. The PLA/20% DDGS composite with 1% MDI showed tensile strength (77 MPa) similar to that of pure PLA, but its Young's modulus was 25% higher than that of pure PLA. With MDI, strong interfacial adhesion was established between the PLA matrix and DDGS particles, and the porosity of the composites decreased dramatically. Crystallinity of PLA in the composites was higher than that in pure PLA. Composites with MDI had higher storage moduli at room temperature than pure PLA. This novel application of DDGS for biocomposites has significantly higher economic value than its traditional use as a feedstuff. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Eugenol‐Derived Bismaleimide High Performance Resins and Composites Using Diisocyanate as Property Modifier

A new kind of high performance bismaleimide resin with good processability and improved toughness is synthesized by chemical modification of 4,4′‐bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (BMI) by eugenol (EG) and different contents of 4,4′‐diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). MDI‐EG‐BMI resins exhibit good thermal stability for its 5% weight loss temperatures around 300 °C and its residue of 41.61% at 900 °C, which are much higher than those of EG‐BMI resin. Then, the carbon fiber‐reinforced MDI‐EG‐BMI composites are fabricated. The mechanical properties of the composites matrixed by MDI‐EG‐BMI resins are better than those by EG‐BMI resin. For carbon/MDI‐EG‐BMI composites, their glass transition temperatures are higher than 300 °C, and their flexural strength, moduli, and toughness are maintained at a range of 217.47–404.36 MPa, 35.12–48.49 GPa, and 1.16–2.63 MJ m^?3 respectively; with the contents increasing of MDI in the resin formulation, the flexural properties first increase then decrease; comprehensively the composite with 30 wt% MDI has the best mechanical and thermal properties.