POE/POE-g-MAH/PP-g-MAH增韧PP/滑石粉研究

以聚丙烯(PP)/滑石粉复合体系为基料,马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯辛烯弹性体(POE-g-MAH)、聚乙烯辛烯弹性体(POE)以及聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)作为增韧剂,利用双螺杆挤出机进行熔融共混,研究了不同增韧剂对共混体系的力学性能、流变性能和结晶性能,并通过XRD、红外光谱和DSC进行综合测试。实验结果表明:三种增韧剂对PP/滑石粉复合体系的性能有显著影响,综合增韧效果以PP-g-MAH为最佳。红外表征、XRD和DSC分析表明:三种增韧剂对PP/滑石粉复合体系中的PP分子链有一定相互作用。     

不同增韧剂对PBT增韧改性的研究

利用双螺杆挤出机,采用聚乙烯-辛烯弹性体(POE)、聚乙烯-辛烯弹性体接技马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)以及聚丙烯(PP)作为增韧剂与聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)进行熔融共混,研究了不同增韧剂POE、POE-g-MAH和POE-PP对PBT共混物的力学性能、相容性和熔融结晶行为的影响。通过拉伸、冲击、熔体质量流动速率、硬度等性能测试以及红外光谱、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)等综合测试。结果表明,加入增韧剂对PBT具有良好的增韧效果,其中以PBT/POE/PP的增韧效果最明显。当PBT∶POE∶PP质量比为7∶3∶1时,共混物的缺口冲击强度增加8倍,红外表征显示,增韧改性可提高PBT的相容性,XRD测试表明,增韧剂对PBT复合材料的晶体结构没有影响,通过熔融增韧,提高其力学性能和加工性能。DSC图显示,增韧剂的加入可使共混物的结晶度降低。扫描电镜(SEM)表明,增韧剂的加入增加界面了结合力,提高了共混体系相容性。     

粉状聚丙烯增韧增强研究

采用机械共混方法对粉状聚丙烯（PP）进行了增韧增强研究，探讨了增韧剂、增强剂和有少量自制的固相甲基丙烯酸（MAA）接枝粉状聚丙烯（PP-g-MAA)作增容剂存在下对粉状PP共混体系力学性能的影响，用热重分析法考察了改性粉状PP的热性能。结果表明，（乙烯／丙烯／二烯）共聚物（EPDM）／高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）为复合增韧剂，具有协同作用，可显著提高共混物的冲击强度：PP-g-MAA能明显改善PP／玻纤两相的界面结合力；PP／EPDM／HDPE玻璃纤维共混体系可以获得理想的增韧增强效果。     

聚丙烯/冷冻胶粉复合材料结构与性能的研究

采用熔融挤出的方法制备聚丙烯（PP）、冷冻胶粉（LGTR）、相容剂及增韧剂的共混物,研究了胶粉用量、相容剂种类和用量及增韧剂对共混体系力学性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明,LGTR的加入会降低PP的力学性能,但随着LGTR用量的增加,共混体系的冲击强度上升;相容剂的使用会增加PP与LGTR的相容性,使力学性能提高;热塑性聚烯烃类弹性体（POE）和三元乙丙胶接枝马来酸酐（EPDM-g-MAH）的使用可以有效提高PP/胶粉共混体系的缺口冲击强度,并且增韧剂的使用可以提高PP与LGTR之间的相容性;高密度聚乙烯（PE-HD）/POE并用做增韧体系时,可以进一步提升共混体系的韧性,提高冲击强度。     

小本体聚丙烯的改性研究

利用双螺杆共混法对小本体聚丙烯进行了改性研究。探讨了小本体聚丙烯熔融流动性对共混增韧的影响，助增韧剂与主增韧剂的协同增韧作用，滑石粉填充小本体聚丙烯的性能变化规律，以及增流剂对改善复合材料流动性和力学均衡性的作用等。     

几种不同结构型号PE改性PPR力学性能的研究

研究了线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)/聚丙烯(PPR)共混体系、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/聚丙烯(PPR)共混体系、超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)/聚丙烯(PPR)共混体系的力学性能和熔体流动速率。结果表明,UHMWPE的增韧改性效果最好,在UHMWPE的含量为15%时体系的综合力学性能最好。LLDPE的增韧改性效果次之,HDPE的最差。     

自制接枝聚合物增韧聚丙烯的表征

采用挤出熔融接枝方法将乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)、均聚聚丙烯(PPH)分别与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)及线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)三元共混制备的2种接枝共聚物(PPJZ1、PPJZ2)作为增韧剂，增韧PPH。分析了自制增韧剂PPJZ1、PPJZ2对PPH的增韧效果；采用DSC、POM、SEM等测试方法研究了PPH/PPJZ1,PPH/PPJZ2共混物的结晶行为和断面形貌。结果表明，自制接枝聚合物PPJZ1、PPJZ2均为综合性能优异的增韧剂，当增韧剂添加量达到16%时，PPH/PPJZ1、PPH/PPJZ2共混体系的常温冲击强度分别提高了160%和114%,低温冲击强度分别提高了96%和81%。同时，自制增韧剂可作为异相成核剂，细化PPH球晶粒径。接枝聚合物中的POE分子链和PP片晶、PE片晶之间形成了片晶互锁结构，该结构能显著提高PPH共混物的抗冲击性能，实现了材料脆-韧转变。     

增韧剂/纳米CaCO_3并用对聚丙烯共混体系力学性能的影响

研究了不同的增韧剂(EPDM、HDPE、LDPE和SBS)对聚丙烯共混物力学性能的影响,EPDM含量为15%时,共混物的拉伸强度下降较小,冲击强度比纯聚丙烯提高450%。采用正交实验法,研究了纳米CaC03和EPDM并用对PP共混物力学性能的影响,含量6%的纳米CaCO3具有增强和增韧作用;纳米CaC03与EPDM并用能协同增强聚丙烯;PP/EPDM/纳米CaC03的质量比为74/20/6时,聚丙烯共混体系的综合力学性能较好。     

车用聚丙烯材料耐化学品影响因素的研究

以常见的聚丙烯体系、聚丙烯/增韧剂体系、聚丙烯/增韧剂/聚乙烯体系、聚丙烯/滑石粉体系为研究对象,通过评价材料的吸油率和腐蚀后的外观等级,依次考察了聚丙烯、增韧剂、聚乙烯、滑石粉等主要组成对车用聚丙烯材料耐化学品性能的影响。研究结果表明,与共聚聚丙烯相比,均聚聚丙烯的耐化学品性能更优;聚烯烃弹性体(POE)和氢化苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)等增韧剂显著降低了车用聚丙烯材料的耐化学品性能;聚乙烯,特别是高密度聚乙烯,能够提高车用聚丙烯材料的耐化学品的性能;填充剂滑石粉对聚丙烯抗化学腐蚀有一定的积极作用。聚丙烯、聚乙烯基体内的结晶区以及滑石粉均可看作是化学品无法渗透的阻隔区域,而树脂中的非晶区、无定形的乙丙橡胶(EPR)的橡胶相和增韧剂则是化学品易渗透区域。基于此,开发耐化学品车用聚丙烯材料时,在满足力学性能的前提下,应优先考虑使用均聚聚丙烯、高密度聚乙烯和滑石粉,减少共聚聚丙烯和增韧剂的用量。     

橡胶/聚丙烯树脂共混增韧研究进展

简述了橡胶弹性体/聚丙烯共混体系的增韧机理,着重就增韧的影响因素综述了国内橡胶弹性体/聚丙烯共混增韧改性的最新进展.     

Morphology and properties of blends of polypropylene with ethylene-propylene rubber

Great attention has been paid to the toughening of isotactic polypropylene (PP) in recent years in order to make full use of this plastic. This paper presents the results of our study on the compatibility of PP with ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPT), polybutadiene rubber (PB) or styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) through characterization of the blends' morphology, and on. the morphology and properties of binary blends of PP with EPT (EPT/PP) and ternary blends of PP, EPT, and polyethylene (PE) (EPT/PE/PP). Morphological structure of solution blends and the great improvement in low-temperature impact strength and other properties of the mechanical blends have shown the difference among EPT, PB, and SBR in compatibility with PP, the effectiveness of using EPT as PP's toughening agent, and the effect of EPT on EPT/PP blend as both toughening agent and compatibilizer. Addition of EPT to EPT/PP made interesting changes in morphology but no effect on properties was observed.     

增加聚烯烃共混物界面粘结力的研究

在加工设备中制备聚乙烯、聚丙烯树脂的马来酸酐(MAH)接枝共聚物(PE-g-MAH,PP-g-MAH)。用偏光显微镜、相差显微镜及扫描电镜研究了PP-g-MAH及PP共混物的形态、分散状态与相界面。考察了PE-g-MAH/PET,PE/PET复合薄膜的剥离强度及PE-g-MAH/CaCO_3,PE/CaCO_3共混物的力学性能。所有结果均表明聚烯烃马来酸酐接枝物可显著增加聚烯烃共混物中组分间的相容性和界面粘结力,并讨论了其机理。     

New polypropylene blends toughened by polypropylene/poly(ethylene-co-propylene) in-reactor alloy: Compositional and morphological influence on mechanical properties

A new toughening agent, polypropylene/poly(ethylene-co-propylene) in-reactor alloy (EP-P), has been adopted to modify isotactic polypropylene (PP) in present study. Systematic investigation has been performed on the inter-compositional interaction, crystalline structure, and phase morphology of a series of PP/EP-P blends. It has been found that the PP component from EP-P is thoroughly miscible with neat PP and they together serve as the matrix of the PP/EP-P blends, while the ethylene-propylene random copolymers (EPR) act as the dispersed phase. The ethylene-propylene segmented copolymers (EPS), behaving as the compatibilizer between the EPR dispersed phase and PP matrix, strengthen mutual incorporation and effective diffusion of the amorphous PP segments and the EPR molecules. Based on the in-depth understanding of the crystalline structure and phase morphology, the correlation between morphological structure and mechanical properties has been established. The excellent impact toughness of PP/EP-P blends with higher EP-P content is mainly attributed to the small PP crystallites scattered in the blends and the well dispersed EP copolymer domains in PP matrix.     

Morphologies of polyethylene–ethylene/propylene/diene monomer particles in polypropylene‐rich polyolefin blends: Flake structure

Morphologies of polyethylene–ethylene/propylene/diene monomer (PE/EPDM) particles in 93/7 polypropylene (PP)/PE blends were investigated. SEM micrographs of KMnO₄‐etched cut surfaces and fracture surfaces of the blends revealed the existence of the “flake” structure. In the particles, crystalline PE formations with flake shape, which remain after etching, are called flakes. In addition to the PE‐crystalline flakes, amorphous PE, located between PE crystalline lamellae and EPDM rubber, complement the flake structure. The flakes are usually linked with the PP matrix, as seen in the heptane‐treated cut surfaces. These links, although observed with compatibilized samples, originate from the crystalline nature of PE particles, if no compatibilizer is added. Separately, the morphology of Royalene (consisting of high‐density PE and EPDM rubber, used as a PP/PE compatibilizer) was investigated by low‐voltage scanning TEM. The interaction of the components in the PE/EPDM blends can explain the formation of the flakes and toughening of the PP/PE blends. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3087–3092, 2003     

废旧聚丙烯编织袋回收料改性应用研究

废旧聚丙烯(PP)编织袋回收料分别与回收聚乙烯(PE)、回收橡胶粉、木粉共混,制备了增韧PP材料、热塑性弹性体和木塑复合材料,采用力学性能测试、SEM和DSC分析等手段对其性能和结构进行了表征。结果表明:随着回收聚乙烯(PE)含量的增加,回收PP/PE共混物的拉伸强度和冲击强度迅速提高;回收PP/橡胶粉共混物中加入聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)能起到增容的效果,随PP-g-MAH含量的增加,共混物的拉伸强度上升,永久变形减小;在回收PP/木粉复合材料中加入PP-g-MAH后,复合材料的冲击强度明显提高。     

Study on morphology of ternary polymer blends. II. Effect of composition

The composition effect on morphology of polypropylene/ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer/polyethylene (PP/EPDM/PE) and polypropylene/ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer/polystyrene (PP/EPDM/PS) ternary blends has been investigated. In all of the blends, polypropylene as the major phase was blended with two minor phases, that is, EPDM and PE or PS. From morphological studies using the SEM technique a core–shell morphology for PP/EPDM/PE and separated dispersed morphology for PP/EPDM/PS were observed. These results were found to be in agreement with the theoretical predictions. The composition of components affected only the size of dispersed phases and had no appreciable effect on the type of morphology. The size of each dispersed phase, whether it forms core or shell or disperses separately in matrix, can be related directly to its composition in the blend. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 1138–1146, 2001     

The effect of composition on morphological,thermal, and mechanical properties of polypropylene/nylon-6/polypropylene-g-butyl acrylate blends

The effect of concentration of polypropylene grafted with butyl acrylate (PP-g-BA) compatibilizer on thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties of polypropylene/nylon-6 blends has been studied. It was observed that blends with 4.8 wt% concentration of PP-g-BA exhibited superior mechanical and morphological properties at all the compositions of PP/Ny-6. Attempts were made to correlate the experimental data for tensile modulus and strength with existing mathematical models.     

Effect of a hybrid compatibilizer on the mechanical properties and interfacial tension of a ternary blend with polypropylene,poly(lactic acid), and a toughening modifier

This study examined the effect of three compatibilizers, namely, a hybrid compatibilizer composed of polypropylene‐maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MAH) and polyethylene‐glycidyl methacrylate (PE‐g‐GMA), a single compatibilizer composed of PP‐g‐MAH, and a single compatibilizer composed of PE‐g‐GMA, on the mechanical, morphological, and rheological properties of a ternary blend of polypropylene (PP), poly(lactic acid; PLA), and a toughening modifier. The results of tensile strength, flexural strength, and impact strength tests for the ternary blends before and after hydrolysis, revealed that the ternary blend with a hybrid compatibilizer content of 3 phr exhibited better material properties than the blend containing a single compatibilizer. In the weighted relaxation spectra of the ternary blend using the Palierne emulsion model, the ternary blend containing the hybrid compatibilizer, exhibited only one relaxation spectrum peak at ∼ 0.16 s. This result suggests that the ternary blend with the hybrid compatibilizer exhibits uncharacteristic morphological properties, that is, a single‐phase microstructure. The above results suggest that the hybrid mixture is an effective compatibilizer for the ternary blend of PP, PLA, and a toughening modifier. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers