General conception of the diagnosis and treatment for the patients with oral cancer in Japan

The diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer is still challengeous in the world because carcinogenesis has not known yet.     

Development of a protocol for assessment of suicide risk in patients with head and neck cancer

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the 7^th most prevalent cancer globally, with an increasing incidence in recent years which is expected to continue. For many patients, the experience of receiving a diagnosis of HNC and subsequent treatment is disturbing and traumatic. Evidence suggests that HNC patients have a significantly increased risk of suicide compared with other cancer patients and the general population. Multiple social and medical factors may increase suicide risk in an individual, and include smoking and alcohol misuse. Given the elevated rate of suicide among HNC patients it is prudent to routinely assess patients for suicidal ideation to prevent unnecessary deaths by suicide. However, to the authors’ knowledge, such assessments are not undertaken in most centres. This article describes the development of a suicide risk assessment protocol proposed for use in HNC patients in a major University Teaching Hospital in Leeds. The basic structure of this protocol could easily be adopted to other centres.     

Oral cancer overexpressed 1 (ORAOV 1): A regulator for cell growth and tumor angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

Purposes: Oral cancer overexpressed 1 (ORAOV 1) is a novel gene locating at chromosome band 11q13. Recent studies have suggested its role as a candidate oncogene in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its prognostic value for patients with OSCC.     

Adjunctive techniques for oral cancer examination and lesion diagnosis: a systematic review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Adjunctive techniques that may facilitate the early detection of oral premalignant and malignant lesions (OPML) have emerged in the past decades. METHODS: The authors undertook a systematic review of the English-language literature to evaluate the effectiveness of toluidine blue (TB), ViziLite Plus with TBlue (Zila Pharmaceuticals, Phoenix), ViziLite (Zila Pharmaceuticals), Microlux DL (AdDent, Danbury, Conn.), Orascoptic DK (Orascoptic, a Kerr Company, Middleton, Wis.), VELscope (LED Dental, White Rock, British Columbia, Canada) and OralCDx (Oral CDx Laboratories, Suffern, N.Y.) brush biopsy. They abstracted data relating to study design, sampling and characteristics of the study group, interventions, reported outcomes and diagnostic accuracy of adjunctive aids from 23 articles meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria, including availability of histologic outcomes. RESULTS: The largest evidence base was for TB. A limited number of studies was available for ViziLite, ViziLite Plus with TBlue and OralCDx. Studies of VELscope have been conducted primarily to assess the margins of lesions in known OPML. The authors identified no studies of Microlux DL or Orascoptic DK. Study designs had various limitations in applicability to the general practice setting, including use of higher-risk populations and expert examiners. CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence that TB is effective as a diagnostic adjunct for use in high-risk populations and suspicious mucosal lesions. OralCDx is useful in assessment of dysplastic changes in clinically suspicious lesions; however, there are insufficient data meeting the inclusion criteria to assess usefulness in innocuous mucosal lesions. Overall, there is insufficient evidence to support or refute the use of visually based examination adjuncts. Practical Implications. Given the lack of data on the effectiveness of adjunctive cancer detection techniques in general dental practice settings, clinicians must rely on a thorough oral mucosal examination supported by specialty referral and/or tissue biopsy for OPML diagnosis.