基于机器学习算法的核电结构材料性能预测

核电作为我国能源的重要组成部分,显示出巨大的发展潜力。随着核电技术的不断提高、完善,各类核电结构材料层出不群,寻找性能优异的新型材料成为影响核电站安全性和经济性的重中之重。同时材料信息学的助力使得研究人员可以高效地得到大量试验与计算数据,基于以上数据通过机器学习算法即可预测材料的性能,为新材料的研发提供新的契机。对机器学习原理及方法进行了概述,基于核电合金结构材料数据库构建了适用于核电结构材料性能预测的机器学习系统,并对该系统进行流程介绍和具体示例演示。最后,结合对核电结构材料性能预测机器学习系统的研究,指出机器学习在材料领域存在的问题和未来研究方向,希望利用机器学习方法加速新材料的研发进程。     

材料大气腐蚀数据库系统

本文介绍材料大气腐蚀数据库系统的主要功能,系统构造和建立过程。在数据库的设计中使用了关系型数据结构方法。本系统收集、整理并存贮黑色金属、有色金属和涂镀层三大类材料在全国八个不同气候环境地区的大气腐蚀数据,并提供14种打印格式。该系统的优点是操作简便,容易掌握。     

海洋平台低温放空系统管道材料的选择研究

结合南海某天然气开发项目工艺放空系统的设计要求,研究了低温放空系统的常用金属材料,分析了其力学性能和物理性能.并结合不同的工况对材料经济性进行分析,针对不同工况、材料性能和经济性等因素,给出了低温放空系统材料的选择原则.     

套料优化与定额管理集成系统的研究

针对目前制造企业生产准备过程中材料定额编制效率低、工作量大、准确性差及钢材利用率低等问题．提出板材／型材套料优化与定额管理系统模型，系统将零件自动套料优化与材料定额计算、汇总、查询、管理等功能集成起来，提高了材料定额编制效率和准确性，缩短生产准备周期，提高了钢材利用率，最终降低生产成本。重点介绍系统的体系结构、系统工作流程、主要功能和开发实例。     

压铸型材料优化专家系统

该系统包括用户信息输入、材料优化推理、系统知识库管理、用户技术文件管理和系统管理五大模块，采用基于规则或基于实例的方法进行推理。系统由ＶｉｓｕａｌＦｏｘｐｒｏ５０语言在中文Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ９５环境下开发，具有友好透明的用户界面，运行快捷，使用和维护方便。     

焊接材料定额系统的研究与开发

通过坡口参数化、迭代方法实现了计算多层焊各层焊接材料消耗量和总消耗量,并在此基础上成功开发了一个人机交互的焊接材料定额系统.采用Y型坡口对焊接材料定额进行了六组验证性试验,通过对比实际焊接材料消耗量和计算值来检验系统的准确性.试验结果表明,各层焊接材料消耗量计算值有一定的偏差,但焊接材料总消耗量计算精度较高.系统能够降...     

渗碳材料涡流测试系统的研究

以通用有限元分析软件ANSYS作为二次开发平台，开发了面向渗碳材料的涡流测试系统。该系统将有限元前处理、涡流电磁场计算、渗碳层深度逆问题求解及计算结果的可视化处理结合起来，提供了良好的用户界面。     

铸件材料库管理系统的研究与开发

以VC 和PowerBuilder 6.0为开发工具 ,采用面向对象 (OOP)技术研究开发了 1套铸件生产材料计算机管理系统CACE。本系统通过与铸造工艺CAD的数据接口成功实现了系统集成以及对CAD数据的读取、查询、保存等管理工作。利用该系统可进行产品材料的定额管理 ,达到合理使用资源、节约材料的目的。从而实现了铸件生产计算机管理中品质和成本的结合     

基于蓝牙技术的造型材料检测数据传输及处理的软件系统

开发了一个应用于造型材料检测实验室的数据库系统。系统基于蓝牙通信技术,可以实现仪器与计算机之间数据的自动传送。数据库系统利用Delphi7.0软件进行开发,具有数据录入、查询、报表生成、样品分析以及用户信息管理等功能,能够满足实验室检测过程的需要,为网络化造型材料实验室的构建打下基础。     

粗晶碳化钨粉的应用

评述了粗晶碳化钨粉的各种特殊性能，列举了用粗昌碳化钨粉制成的合金及粗晶碳化钨粉在硬面材料中的多种多样的用途。     

Fracture behavior of thin foils

The downscaling of manufacturing processes leads to a rise in new challenges in process design. Amongst these challenges is a decrease in the limiting drawing ratio observed in micro deep drawing of metal foils. Furthermore, fracture occurs at punch force levels well below those predicted by common equations. In this paper it is proposed that these phenomena can be accounted for by non-uniformities in the flow behavior of the material due the large difference between grain sizes. The localized strains before fracture - as recorded by digital image correlation - of stretch formed aluminum foils are presented and the strain evolution is examined. Evidence to verify the hypothesis is gathered by implementing the observed flow non-uniformities into a finite element simulation and comparing the computed results to the experimental ones.     

新型移动送料装置液压系统分析

移动送料装置是一种新型物料输送装置,具有承载能力大、占用空间小、适用范围广等优点。移动送料装置不仅可作为固定场地的物料运输,也可作为整车的货箱底板进行转场运输,该移动送料装置不同于传统的物料运输装置,其主要执行机构是3个液压油缸,这3个液压油缸通过自身的液压系统可实现依次运动和共同运动,从而推动底板推出和撤回,如此循环往复。     

Evaluation of surface roughness in laser-assisted machining of aluminum oxide ceramics with Taguchi method

This paper evaluates laser-assisted machining (LAM) as an economically viable process for manufacturing precision aluminum oxide ceramic parts. Because it is locally heated by an intense laser source prior to material removal, LAM leads to higher material removal rates, as well as improved control of workpiece properties and geometry. To assess the feasibility of the LAM process and better understand its governing physical phenomena, experiments were conducted to obtain different measures of surface roughness for Al₂O₃ workpieces machined by laser-assisted turning using a Nd:YAG laser.The experimental results were analyzed using the Taguchi method, which facilitated identification of optimum machining conditions. The findings indicate that rotational speed, with a contribution percentage as high as 42.68%, had the most dominant effect on LAM system performance, followed by feed, depth of cut, and pulsed frequency. LAM's most important advantage is its ability to produce much better workpiece surface quality than does conventional machining, together with larger material removal rates (MRR) and moderate tool wear.     

应用数字图象处理技术的物位测控系统的研究

介绍了一种应用数字图象处理技术的物位测控系统。由CCD摄像头拍摄容器内物料表面图象，经计算机处理后得到物位高度，进而控制物料容器的供料阀门。实验结果表明，该测控系统具有良好的控制效果和精度。     

国内外钽及钽合金的研究现状与展望

钽及钽合金因具有优异的化学稳定性、高温力学性能、耐腐蚀性能以及加工成形能力,目前已被应用于航空航天、冶金化工以及核工业等诸多高新技术领域。针对钽及其合金巨大的应用潜力,国内外学者对其进行了深入广泛的研究,取得了丰富的研究成果。本文系统总结了钽合金材料体系类型及其应用领域,并从现有合金制备技术及其优缺点、主要合金体系的力学性能及其影响因素、高温防护涂层的体系及其制备方法等方面进行了系统介绍。最后,针对目前钽及其合金研究中存在的短板,对其未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

焊缝跟踪和物料跟踪

介绍宝钢 1 5 5 0热镀锌机组焊缝跟踪和物料跟踪控制系统的配置和功能 ,以及系统应用软件的功能和现场使用情况。     

Machining of High Strength Light Weight Alloys for Engine Applications

The use of high strength materials with low density in engines and vehicles gains more and more intention for the reduction of weight in moving parts. Currently, γ-titaniumaluminides as well as aluminum-metal-matrix-composites are considered as appropriate materials for this purpose. In spite of their outstanding material properties, problems occur when machining operations are carried out. These problems emerge from the high strength and the abrasive reinforcing particles. This paper presents research on the machining of a γ-TiAl-alloy as well as an Al-MMC-alloy. Investigations of the turning process were focused on ascertaining conditions for an economical and a high-quality machining process.     

Determination of material properties for hot hydroforming

For the process design of hydroforming in the “hot” temperature range, reliable data are necessary to describe the material behaviour at elevated temperatures under the occurring loads of hot hydroforming processes. State-of-the-art technologies for the investigation of material behaviour, like uniaxial tensile tests or hydraulic bulge tests, do not provide enough similarity with the process of hot hydroforming. This paper describes a new testing technique, capable of realizing high process temperatures and constant strain rates. It represents a further development of the established technology of tube bulge tests. The hardware is described, its functionality is proven and mathematical approaches for the calculation of stress/strain-curves from experimental data are presented.     

Modeling and analysis of the material removal profile for free abrasive polishing with sub-aperture pad

This paper addresses the problem of material removal in free abrasive polishing (FAP) with the sub-aperture pad both theoretically and experimentally. The effects of some polishing conditions upon the material removal are analyzed, including not only the process parameters, which refer to the normal force, angular spindle velocity and angular feed rate, but also the abrasive grain size, polishing slurry properties, topographical parameters of the sub-aperture pad, as well as tool path curvature. Based on the analysis, a model of material removal profile is proposed to facilitate more accurate polishing. First, by analyzing the contact among polishing pad, abrasive grain and workpiece surface in the micro level, the removal depth per unit length of the polishing path is derived, which is defined as the material removal index. Then, the distribution of this removal index can be obtained via modeling the pressure and relative sliding velocity in the contact region of polishing pad and workpiece. After that, the material removal profile can be calculated by integrating the material removal index along the tool path in the tool-workpiece contact region. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, a series of polishing experiments have been conducted. Experimental results well demonstrate that our model can accurately predict the material removal depth during the FAP.