2001年美国全年火灾形势分析

1　总体火灾形势1 .1　火灾起数根据美国消防协会 (NFPA) 2 0 0 2年 1 1月发布的研究报告 ,2 0 0 1年 ,美国消防部门共扑救 1 734 50 0起火灾 ,比 2 0 0 0年增加 1 .6%。美国的消防部门平均每 1 8秒就要出动扑救一起火灾 ,每 60秒扑救一起建筑火灾 ,每 80秒扑救一起居住建筑火灾 ,每 90秒扑救一起车辆火灾 ,每 37秒扑救一起户外设施火灾。按起火场分类 ,2 0 0 1年美国共发生建筑火灾52 1 50 0起 (同比上升 3.2 % ) ,其中 396 50 0起为居住建筑火灾 (占建筑火灾总数的 76% )。另外 ,全年发生车辆火灾 351 50 0起 (同比上升 0 .8% ,其中包括…     

2004年美国重大多人死亡火灾分析

美国消防协会(NFPA)将死亡5人以上(含)的住宅火灾和死亡3人以上(含)的其他火灾确定为重大多人死亡火灾。2004年,美国共发生32起重大多人死亡火灾,死亡152人,与2003年(35起、死亡307人)相比,起数下降8.6%,死亡人数下降一半。死亡人数明显下降的主要原因,是2003年罗得岛州发生了造成100人死亡的“车站”夜总会火灾。事实上,2004年的情况与2002年(32起、死亡160人)基本相同。2004年,美国共发生1550500起火灾,造成3900人死亡。重大多人死亡火灾的起数虽然仅占火灾总数的0.002%,但死亡人数却占总数的3.9%。因此,预防和遏制重大多人死亡火灾是减…     

违章火灾成因与预防措施

违章火灾发生率高,已成为消防界的共识。镇江市违章火灾1990年31起,占总数的11％;1991年30起,占总数的20％;1992年27起,占总数的17％;1993年42起,占总数的23.1％;1994年1季度9起,占总数的17％。特别要指出的是,这类火灾损失大,今年一季度违章火灾的损失占总损失的24.5％。因此,客观地分析违章火灾原因,加强预防这类火灾的能力,显得尤为重要。 一、违章火灾的成因 安全规定不落实。这类火灾发生率占违章火灾之首。1994年2月12日。中外合资镇江新虹电子有限公司发生特大火灾,烧毁厂房1056平方米,机器设备大部份受损,直接经济损失134万元。这起火灾的直接起火原因是两名职工在该公司会议室内打桌球时大量吸烟。乱扔烟头引燃可燃物所致。但究其根本原因是一起     

火情月报

火灾基本概况 1月份上海市共发生火灾 809起,死亡7人,受伤2人, 直接财产损失92.2万元。 与去年同期相比,火灾起 数上升21.3％,死亡人 数持平,伤人数下降 91.3％,直接财产损失下降 71.5％。 120％zm1月份火灾特点:1、玩火火灾居首位(190起)。其中,燃放烟花爆竹引发的火灾占该类火灾总数的90.5％,小孩玩火火灾占该类火灾总数的9.5％;2、公众聚集场所火灾比较平稳;3、车辆火灾与去年同期相比下降幅度较大。     

1996年1至10月全省火灾损失逾千万元 死伤人数增多

1996年1至10月,全省共发生火灾466起,死19人,伤56人,直接经济损失1173万余元。与上年同期相比,起数下降26.4％,损失下降10.5％,死、伤分别上升11.8％和1.8％。值得注意的是:重特大火灾发生52起,占火灾总数的11.1％;直接经济损失864万余元,占损失总数的73％。农村村民和城镇居民火灾224起,占火灾总数的     

1998年春节期间火灾综述

1998年春节期间(1月27日至2月1日即腊月29至正月初五)，全省共发生火灾154起，烧死4人．直接经济损失848万元。其中燃放烟花爆竹引起火灾41起，占火灾总数的26．6％；电气火灾31起，占20％；用火不慎引起火灾30起．占19．5％；其它原因引起的25起，占16％。     

把独立式火灾探测报警装置作为防范小场所和住宅火灾亡人的重要技术手段加以推广的思考

近年来,居民住宅和“三合一”场所亡人火灾事故居高不下,据统计,2010年全国共发生火灾131705起（不含森林、草原、军队、矿井地下部分火灾）,死亡1108人,其中居民住宅火灾造成787人死亡,占总数的71％;人员密集场所火灾造成156人死亡,占总数的14．1％。     

电气线路类火灾的监管分析和对策

<正>随着经济快速发展,人们在生活、生产过程中用电需求日益增长,电气线路类(包括电气线路、电器设施、电器产品等)火灾比例也不断增大,已逐步成为生产、生活中的一大"隐形杀手"。以深圳市为例,2013年,深圳共发生火灾2379起,其中因电气线路类引发的火灾就有600起,占火灾总数的25.2%,居民电气线路类火灾有263起。电气线路类火灾的高发,必须引起人们高度重视,采取强化监管措施加以杜绝。     

用一双手托起家之幸福

正在一个家庭中,男女主人公是顶梁柱,是支撑起整个家庭的力量,他们要照顾年迈的父母,要养育幼小的孩童,这就要求他们必须拥有足够的火灾防范意识,才能预防火灾事故的发生,更能在发生初起火灾时,及时采取措施,保护家的平安。据统计数据显示,近年来家庭火灾在火灾发生的比重中呈逐年上升趋势。2015年1月1日至11月5日,重庆渝中区消防支队共接到火灾报警94起,其中,家庭火灾占火灾总起数的48.9%;2015年1月至11月10日,湖北省十堰市共发生火灾427起,其中家庭火灾211起,占到火灾总数的一半。     

关于建筑火灾风险评估方法

<正>当火灾发生时,人们都能意识到。在2011年,仅在美国就有1 389 500起火灾报道。火灾造成3 005人死亡,17 500受伤,117亿美元的财产损失。在这些火灾中,建筑火灾仅占35%(484 500起),但是却造成84%(2 640人)的人员死亡,79%(15 635人)的人员受伤,83%的财产损失(97亿)。尽管大多数损失发生在居住建筑中,但是2011年所报道的22起重大人员伤亡的火灾事故中有17起发生在非居住用建筑物中,导致的财产损失达2.939亿美元。特大火灾事故的发生,如2003年的罗德岛夜总会大火,似乎这样的特大建筑火灾再也没有发生过。     

浅析高速公路工程招投标中的最低评标价法

结合目前高速公路施工项目招投标活动的实际情况,阐述了最低评标价法的概念,归纳了其优点及存在问题,对完善最低评标价法提出几点策略,以期促进招标投标市场更加规范有序。     

Place-Making in Megaprojects in Melbourne

This article analyses state-led place-making practices in Melbourne. The two levels of government that influence planning in Melbourne make much of the city as ‘culturally vibrant’ and ‘creative’, and have incorporated creative city-inspired place-making principles into many layers of the planning system. An examination of the development of two mixed-use megaprojects in central Melbourne reveals however that ideals of culturally engaging public places, and indeed of creative landscapes for middle-class consumption, wither in the face of more basic imperatives for economic development. In these case studies the ‘creative city’, no matter how the idea is interpreted, has little traction either as a set of inclusive place-making principles or as a gentrification strategy. The article concludes that the creative city-inspired place-making objectives in the planning system at both state and local levels are ambiguous in their overall intents and completely unsupported by statutory controls. Such place-making objectives as are realised are the compromised results of the interplay of uncoordinated decisions, delivered at the pleasure of the developer.     

Pathogens in septage in Vietnam

Septage is widely acknowledged as a major source of infectious pathogens while disposal of septage, and the operation and maintenance of septic tanks, is not regulated in many developing countries. Twenty untreated septage and septage sludge samples were taken from Can Tho City, Vietnam to examine their pathogen content, and indicator micro-organisms. Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. were detected in all samples, regardless of sludge storage time. Phages were detected in 80% of samples. Salmonella spp. were detected in 70% of the untreated septage and 60% of septage sludge samples. Concentrations of phages and bacteria tested in septage sludge after many years of tank storage were much higher than the expected levels. Helminth ova were present in 95% of untreated septage samples with an average of 450 ova l^− 1, and were detected in all septage sludge samples with an average of 16,000 ova l^− 1. Twelve varieties of helminth ova were identified. More helminth ova varieties in higher concentrations were found in septage than those reported from stool samples. The varieties' frequency ranged from 10% to 50% and Ascaris lumbricoides predominated. Results show that pathogens and indicator micro-organisms, especially helminth ova, accumulate in sludge. Thus helminth ova should be considered when septage sludge is treated and used for agriculture. Proper health protection measures must be applied for people handling septage.     

新时期广东城市化的新特点

新时期广东城市化出现以下特点:知识源导向、城市由单体向群体化发展、产业集群推动、政府主导自上而下的集约化发展、城镇化向城市化转变、由重“数量”发展向重“质量”发展的转变。     

在市场中实践在实践中学习在学习中进步--工程公司市场化进程的回顾与展望

近两年来，工程公司在提高市场竞争意识、推动市场化进程中做了大量工作，其中坚持走出去的方针是我们自我加压、推行加快市场化步伐的一个重要战略步骤。     

新形势下高校强化基建财务管理的探讨

在市场条件下高校基建财务人员在加强日常财务管理的同时,必须树立起高度的工作责任心,抓好事前监督、事中监督、事后监督三个环节,全面理解、贯彻执行《高等学校财务制度》,管好用好各项基本建设资金,提高基建财务管理水平,更好地完成高校各项基建任务,以有限的投资,最快的建设速度,获得最大的投资效益。     

Experiences in radon-safe building in Finland

A study was made of radon-safe buildings in 300 Finnish low-rise residential buildings using data obtained from a questionnaire study. The study also aims at finding the main defects in design and implementation and how the guidance given on radon-safe buildings in slab-on-grade houses has been followed. According to the guidelines, the prevention of the flow of radon-bearing air from the soil into the house is recommended to be carried out through installation of aluminised bitumen felt and use of elastic sealants. Second, as a precaution perforated piping should be installed in the subsoil of the floor slab. The median indoor radon concentration in the houses was 155 Bq/m3. This is 32% lower than the median of the estimated reference values. The action level of 200 Bq/m3 was still exceeded in 40% of the houses. In most houses with slab-on-grade the prevention was based only on the installation of a sub-slab depressurisation system. Sealing was performed in a low number of houses. In 80% of houses with a sub-slab piping connected to an operating fan, radon concentration was below the action level of 200 Bq/m3. In houses with piping but no fan, the corresponding fraction was only 45%. Sub-slab piping without a fan had no remarkable effect on radon concentration. In houses with crawl-space and edge-thickened slabs, radon concentrations were low. The choice of foundation system thus significantly affects the indoor radon concentration. The importance of complete and careful sealing work should be stressed in advice and guides concerning radon prevention.     

浅谈我国工程项目建设成本控制存在的问题

结合目前我国施工企业工程项目成本管理现状,对工程项目成本管理过程中存在的问题进行了较详细的分析,并提出了一些解决问题的办法,以做好项目成本控制工作,进而增强企业经济实力。     

Variation in property taxation in Tulsa

Conclusions It may be reasonably concluded from this study that the range of variation in these ratios of assessed to actual value are of a reasonable size for the great majority of cases. The frequency distribution of these sample ratios was not normal, however, as was assumed a process of this type would produce. On the other hand, the failure of the regression analysis to identify any significant variables which would explain these variations would tend to re-enforce the assumption that the fluctuations were indeed of a random nature.To sum it up in one paragraph, aside from a few extreme cases, the assessing process appears to give estimates which are more consistent than would be expected under the assumption that any errors would be of a random nature, but the regression analysis was unable to isolate any particular socioeconomic characteristics which would explain the variation which was present.Financial support for this research project was furnished by the University of Tulsa.     

谈城市历史保护规划的误区

由于缺乏起码的历史文化知识,忽视历史文化遗产的保护,错误的决策导致了建设性的破坏,要加强城市保护的教育,培养合格人才。