胸腔肿瘤患者焦虑、抑郁情绪障碍调查与心理干预效果

目的：调查分析择期手术的胸部肿瘤患者焦虑、抑郁情绪障碍以及心理干预措施的效果。方法：应用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）和影响因素调查问卷对198例择期手术的胸部肿瘤患者入院后3天内进行心理状态调查,并针对有情绪障碍的患者进行心理护理干预至手术前1天,比较心理干预前后患者心理状态变化。结果：入院后45.84%患者有焦虑症状,27.87%患者有抑郁症状,12.17%患者同时伴有焦虑和抑郁症状。实施心理干预措施后,患者的焦虑（11.12%）、抑郁（15.93%）症状以及两者均有者（4.35%）明显降低（P〈0.01）。结论：有效的心理干预措施将有助于减轻患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪障碍。     

乳腺癌患者心理护理有关中重度负性情绪倾向发生率的指标应用分析

目的 探讨中重度负性情绪倾向（焦虑、抑郁）发生率指标在乳腺癌患者中应用的效果。方法 将基于德尔菲法构建的“中重度负性情绪倾向（焦虑、抑郁）发生率”设为乳腺科护理质量指标,进行心理护理质量控制与评价。将2019年7月至12月江苏省肿瘤医院收治的90例乳腺癌患者设为观察组,构建并实施乳腺科标准化心理护理活动;另以同年1月至6月收治的给予乳腺癌常规心理护理的90例患者为对照组。于两组患者术前及出院时用广泛性焦虑量表（GAD-7）评价患者焦虑程度（界定GAD-7≥10分为中重度焦虑）,健康问卷抑郁症状群量表（PHQ-9）评价患者抑郁程度（界定PHQ-9≥10分为中重度抑郁）,获得中重度负性情绪倾向发生率,并以心理弹性量表（CD-RISC）评价患者心理弹性水平。结果 观察组术前中重度负性情绪倾向发生率为35.6%,心理弹性（56.61±10.76）分;出院时中重度负性情绪倾向发生率10.0%,心理弹性（67.43±12.53）分。对照组术前中重度负性情绪倾向发生率38.89%,心理弹性（57.18±11.88）分;出院时中重度负性情绪倾向发生率23.33%,心理弹性（53.98±10.46）分,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05）。结论 中重度负性情绪倾向（焦虑、抑郁）发生率护理质量指标的应用,有助提高乳腺癌患者负性情绪的改善,提高患者心理弹性水平,同时为乳腺科护理质控及评价提供了规范指引。     

白血病患儿家长心理状况调查及护理干预

目的:探讨护理干预对白血病患儿家长心理状况的影响。方法:2005年1月～2008年1月在我科住院的白血病患儿及非白血病患儿各30例,以其父母为调查对象,采用自制问卷调查表及焦虑自评量表(SAS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)评定其心理状态,针对其心理状态,予以相应的护理干预,并对干预前后心理状态进行比较。结果:白血病患儿家长SAS总分及SCL-90中躯体化、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、强迫症状等因子分值明显高于非白血病患儿家长(P<0.05或P<0.01);予以护理干预后,白血病患儿家长SAS总分及SCL-90中各因子分值明显降低(P<0.05)。结论:白血病患儿家长存在较重的抑郁、焦虑、躯体化症状等负情感。护理干预可缓解其负性情感,促进其心理健康。     

心理干预对乳腺癌患者术后辅助化疗期间抑郁和生活质量的影响

摘 要：［目的］ 探讨心理干预对乳腺癌患者术后辅助化疗期间抑郁和生活质量的影响。［方法］ 119例乳腺癌术后患者在接受辅助化疗前随机分为干预组（n=58）和对照组(n=61),干预组在进行常规化疗的同时给予心理干预,对照组仅接受常规化疗。分别于干预前后采用贝克抑郁量表(Beck Depression Inventory,BDI)和乳腺癌患者生活质量测评量表（Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast,FACT-B)测评。［结果］ 干预前两组人口学特征、临床病理、抑郁评分和生活质量评分差异均无统计学意义（P均>0.05）。干预后,干预组患者的抑郁评分较对照组明显降低(15.20±3.01 vs 22.63±3.98,t=6.822,P<0.001),干预组患者的生活质量总评分及社会/家庭状况、情感状况和功能状况评分均高于对照组（P均<0.05）。［结论］ 心理干预可明显改善乳腺癌患者辅助化疗期间的抑郁和生活质量,专业心理医师对患者进行心理治疗值得在临床推广。     

乳腺癌患者心理健康状况与个性特点及其相关性的调查研究

目的探讨乳腺癌患者的心理健康状况和个性特征及其相关性因素.方法采用SCL-90、EPQ问卷对106例乳癌患者进行问卷测查.结果①SCL-90测试发现,乳癌患者的躯体化、焦虑、抑郁因子分显著高于常模和正常人群(P<0.01-0.05),而人际敏感和偏执显著低于正常人群(P<0.01);②乳腺癌患者个性测查虽然多为性格外向,但有明显的掩饰倾向;③乳癌患者SCL-90各因子分与EPQ中的情绪稳定性明显相关(P<0.0005),与精神质多数相关(P<0.01).④结论乳腺癌患者存在明显的焦虑、抑郁等不良的情绪反应,个性虽表现外向,但有明显的掩饰倾向.建议对乳腺癌患者实施有效的心理干预.     

围术期心理护理干预对骨肉瘤手术患者应激状态的影响

目的探讨围术期心理护理干预对骨肉瘤手术患者应激状态的影响。方法选取2017年1月至2018年6月间陕西省安康市中心医院收治的72例拟进行手术治疗的骨肉瘤患者进行回顾性分析,将采用常规围术期护理干预的36例患者纳入对照组,采用常规围术期护理干预基础上强化开展心理护理干预的36例患者纳入干预组。比较两组患者生理应激、心理应激状态及手术治疗情况。结果干预后,干预组患者的血压控制水平和心率水平均优于对照组患者,且干预组患者的抑郁评分量表(SAS)、焦虑自评量表(SDS)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)评分均低于对照组患者,干预组患者卡氏功能状态评分高于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(均P <0. 05)。结论开展围术期心理护理干预能有效降低骨肉瘤手术患者的生理和心理应激状态,提升治疗依从性,改善预后。     

心理干预改善恶性肿瘤患者情绪障碍的临床观察

目的:观察心理干预对恶性肿瘤患者焦虑抑郁情绪障碍的治疗作用.方法:将住院恶性肿瘤患者随机分为观察组和对照组,在进行相应的化疗、放疗、最佳支持治疗同时,观察组给予适当的心理干预,每周1-2次.入院后1-2日内及4周后分别对所有患者进行SCL-90、焦虑/抑郁量表、生活质量评分检测.结果:观察组SCL-90检测提示心理干预后患者焦虑、抑郁、敌对三因子评分低于对照组;抑郁/焦虑量表SAS及SDS得分较对照组明显降低;QOL量表显示患者角色功能、认知功能、社会功能增强;睡眠障碍明显改善.结论:恰当的心理干预能明显改善癌症患者焦虑抑郁情绪及生活质量.     

心理干预对乳腺癌患者术前负性情绪的影响

目的 探讨心理干预对乳腺癌患者术前负性情绪的影响.方法 入组100例行择期乳腺癌根治术的乳腺癌患者随机分为2组,对照组50例仅进行临床常规治疗和护理,观察组50例在临床常规治疗和常规处理的基础上于术前1 d给予心理干预,然后根据SDS、SAS评分的变化评估2组处理前后焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪的变化.结果 入院时2组患者SDS、SAS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).观察组心理干预后术日晨SDS、SAS评分明显低于入院时;心理干预后术日晨观察组SDS、SAS评分明显低于对照组(P<0.05).结论 必要的心理干预能够减轻乳腺癌患者术前的焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪,有利于手术的顺利进行.     

心理干预改善恶性肿瘤患者情绪障碍的临床观察

目的：观察心理干预对恶性肿瘤患者焦虑抑郁情绪障碍的治疗作用。方法：将住院恶性肿瘤患者随机分为观察组和对照组,在进行相应的化疗、放疗、最佳支持治疗同时,观察组给予适当的心理干预,每周1—2次。人院后1—2日内及4周后分别对所有患者进行SCL-90、焦虑／抑郁量表、生活质量评分检测。结果：观察组SCL-90检测提示心理干预后患者焦虑、抑郁、敌对三因子评分低于对照组;抑有Ⅳ焦虑量表SAS及SDS得分较对照组明显降低;QOL量表显示患者角色功能、认知功能、社会功能增强;睡眠障碍明显改善。结论：恰当的心理干预能明显改善癌症患者焦虑抑郁情绪及生活质量。     

心理干预对恶性肿瘤患者及其配偶生活质量影响的研究

目的：建立心理干预模式，研究其对恶性肿瘤患者及其配偶生活质量的临床效果。方法：收集大港医院住院恶性肿瘤患者及配偶共120对，随机分为干预组（64对）和对照组（56对）；入院1周内两组患者均填写症状自评量表（SCL-90）及简明健康状况调查表（SF-36），以评测患者及配偶心理健康水平和生活质量水平；对照组给予常规护理，干预组在常规护理的基础上给予心理干预，6周后，对患者及配偶心理健康水平及生活质量进行重新评价，确定干预对患者及配偶的影响作用。结果：1）SCL-90量表测量结果提示，患者组在总分、阳性项目数、躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑及恐惧方面因子分高于常模；配偶在总分、阳性项目数、人际关系、抑郁及焦虑方面因子分高于常模；患者在躯体化、强迫、恐惧因子分上高于配偶；配偶在焦虑、抑郁因子分上高于患者。2）与常模相比较，患者生活质量各维度得分均显著下降，配偶在活力、社会功能、情绪角色和精神健康维度得分下降。3）影响患者生活质量的因素包括患者的肿瘤分期、患者的抑郁、配偶的焦虑和抑郁、患者的SCL-90总分及家庭月收入。4）6周后，干预组患者及配偶心理健康水平及生活质量优于对照组。结论：恶性肿瘤患者和配偶均存在不同程度和不同维度的心理健康水平及生活质量水平的下降；患者及配偶的心理水平失衡是导致患者生活质量下降的重要因素；心理干预有利于改善恶性肿瘤患者及配偶的心理健康水平，并有利于提高其生活质量；恶性肿瘤的临床护理工作应重视患者及配偶的生活质量，把生活质量作为一个重要的医疗评价指标。     

乳腺癌患者术后延续护理干预的临床应用

目的探讨乳腺癌患者术后延续护理干预的临床应用效果。方法选取100例乳腺癌术后患者,将2011年6月至2012年6月收治的50例患者作为对照组,2012年7月至2013年6月年收治的50例患者作为观察组,两组患者术后均接受化疗。对照组患者采取常规护理,观察组患者在常规护理的基础上加以延续护理干预,观察并比较两组患者护理后心理状态、上肢功能、生活质量的改善情况。结果两组患者护理后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分较护理前均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者护理后SAS和SDS评分分别为(28.4±5.7)分和(33.6±5.4)分,均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者护理后内收、外展、前屈、后伸四种肩关节活动度分别为(28.2±5.2)、(93.1±16.5)、(103.2±16.6)和(37.3±4.5),手指爬墙高度为(35.2±4.3)cm,均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者护理后躯体健康、心理健康、社会功能、物质生活评分均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论延续护理干预在乳腺癌患者术后的护理中效果显著,对患者的心理状态、生活质量均有明显改善,并有利于患者术后上肢功能的恢复,值得在临床上广泛应用。     

连续护理对胃癌患者围化疗期的干预效果分析

目的探讨胃癌患者围化疗期的连续护理干预模式的效果。方法以2010年12月至2012年12月收治的84例胃癌术后化疗患者为研究对象,对其进行随机分组,对照组（42例）采用常规护理模式,干预组（42例）实施连续护理干预。对两组患者护理前后健康状况、抑郁量表、焦虑量表评分进行比较分析。结果两组患者护理后抑郁及焦虑评分均有明显改善,与对照组比较,干预组改善更加明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。干预组患者总健康状况优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论对围化疗期胃癌患者心理、饮食、功能锻炼进行连续护理干预,有利于改善患者抑郁和焦虑状况,对促进患者早日康复,提高患者生活质量,具有积极意义。     

Ways to make cooperation between hospital nurse and home visiting nurse in treating a final stage cancer patient at home

Due to a payment system based on Comprehensive Medical Evaluation has been adopted, both a shorter hospitalization and the use of home nursing care have been increasing. A good cooperation between hospital and home visiting nurses is desired in order to transfer continued nursing. Regarding a home nursing care service for the most terminal cancer patients, we conducted a survey of 459 home visiting nurses with twelve questions in five categories: (1) Before transferring to home care, (2) Right after the transfer to home care, (3) Patient in a stable period, (4) Time of near death and (5) Other (Requests to hospital nurses). The following issues became clearer in terms of how hospital and home visiting nurses should be cooperating with the handling of last stage terminal cancer patients: (1) A home visiting nurse should have a coordinating role with a hospital nurse when the patient is discharged from the hospital. (2) A participation of home visiting nurses on the coordination guidance at the time of a patient discharge is influenced by a manpower of the nursing station. (3) Even though home visiting nurses found a discrepancy between the hospital information and what patients and their families were getting from the hospital, home visiting nurses have learned through the job to clarify what patient and family needs were, and they responded accordingly. (4) A coordination between hospital and home visiting nurses was needed quite often when the patient's time has come to die at home.     

卵巢癌患者围手术期人性化护理的效果评价

目的探讨人性化护理在卵巢癌患者围手术期中的效果。方法选取2011年7月至2013年1月间收治的行手术治疗的60例卵巢癌患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。两组患者均接受常规围手术期护理,观察组患者增加人性化护理措施,比较两组患者围手术期心理健康水平、生理应激水平、生活质量、治疗依从度和护理服务满意度之间的差异。结果观察组患者围手术期心理健康水平、生活质量、治疗依从度和护理服务满意率较对照组高,生理应激水平较对照组低,组间差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论人性化护理可以有效提高卵巢癌患者围手术期护理质量,提高心理健康水平、治疗依从度和护理服务满意度,降低围手术期应激水平,改善住院期间生活质量。     

A home care adjustment help provided by a local medical support hospital--the role of home care adjusting full time nursing master

The Tama Nanbu-Chiiki hospital is a community health support hospital in the sphere of the Minamitama insurance medical treatment that consists of five cities of the Minamitama district in Tokyo. The cancer medical treatment and emergency care are assumed to be an emphasis in medical treatment at the hospital, and an acute short-term hospital has 306 beds. The community health support hospital is organized with a general manager, clerical workers, a nursing master of MSW and nurses, and they execute cooperation with a community health organization. In the fiscal year 2004, we handled a total of 240 terminal patients. Of these, the HPN introduction guidance was conducted to 87 patients, and 34 of the 87 patients were transformed to being homecare treatment. Here, we report the role of a nursing consultation master based on the cases we handled at this hospital. Meanwhile, we also introduce a home care adjustment procedure to home IVH induced patients who require advanced medical treatments for home recuperation, when they discharged from the hospital.     

Health-related Quality of Life After Treatment for Malignant Bone Tumors: A Follow-up Study in China

Aim: We conducted the present study to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among bone cancerpatients after surgical treatment in one large teaching hospitals in China, and assess the risk factors for improvingthe physical or mental HRQoL. Methods: 344 eligible adult patients who were admitted to the hospital withmalignant bone tumors during the period of Jun. 2008 to Dec. 2011, and a reference group with 361 health caseswas recruited in the same hospital during the same period. All 344 patients were followed up for one year. TheHRQoL before treatment and after one year was evaluated with the Medical Outcome Short Form 36 (SF-36).Results: All 8 domains of HRQoL had the lowest scores greatly improved over the first year after discharge.However, the patients still had significantly lower scores in every domain than the reference group one yearafter discharge. Age and type of surgery were associated with HRQoL in the mental domain. Conclusion: TheHRQoL of patients with malignant bone tumors greatly improved one year after the treatment. This study alsohighlighted the utility of HRQoL assessment for prognostic evaluation of patients after surgical treatment forbone cancer.     

Patient, carer and health service outcomes of nurse-led early discharge after breast cancer surgery: a randomised controlled trial

Patients with breast cancer who require axillary clearance traditionally remain in hospital until their wound drains are removed. Early discharge has been shown to improve clinical outcomes, but there has been little assessment of the psychosocial and financial impact of early discharge on patients, carers and the health service. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led model of early discharge from hospital. Main outcome measures were quality of life and carer burden. Secondary outcomes included patient satisfaction, arm morbidity, impact on community nurses, health service costs, surgical cancellations and in-patient nursing dependency. A total of 108 patients undergoing axillary clearance with mastectomy or wide local excision for breast cancer were randomised to nurse-led early discharge or conventional stay. Nurse-led early discharge had no adverse effects on quality of life or patient satisfaction, had little effect on carer burden, improved communication between primary and secondary care, reduced cancellations and was safely implemented in a mixed rural/urban setting. In total, 40% of eligible patients agreed to take part. Nonparticipants were significantly older, more likely to live alone and had lower emotional well being before surgery. This study provides further evidence of the benefits of early discharge from hospital following axillary clearance for breast cancer. However, if given the choice, most patients prefer to stay in hospital until their wound drains are removed.     

自我管理症状护理模式对消化系统恶性肿瘤患者术前癌因性疲乏的影响效果

目的观察自我管理症状护理模式对消化系统恶性肿瘤患者术前癌因性疲乏的影响效果。方法选择108例消化系统恶性肿瘤患者,随机分为自我管理症状护理模式干预组(观察组)和常规护理干预组(对照组),每组54例。观察不同护理干预措施后,在不同治疗时点(入院第1天、第7天、出院时),采用癌症疲乏量表(CFS)、癌症治疗功能评价量表(FACT)评价两组患者的得分情况。出院后,随访6个月评定生活质量。结果入院第1天,两组患者的CFS、FACT评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);入院第7天和出院时,观察组的CFS评分低于对照组,FACT评分则高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。出院时,观察组患者的FACT总分及各维度均高于对照组,尤以生理维度及情感维度明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。两组患者均无失访,随访6个月、12个月观察组的生活质量指标生理机能(PF)、生理职能(RP)、情感职能(RE)得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论在消化系统恶性肿瘤患者中予以自我管理症状护理模式,可较好地改善术前癌因性疲乏症状,提高患者的生命与生活质量。     

General Health Related Quality of Life and Associated Factors among Prostate Cancer Patients in Two Tertiary Medical Centers in Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia: A Cross-sectional Study

Measurement of quality of life among prostate cancer patients helps the health care providers to understand the impact of the disease in the patients’ own perspective. The main aim of this study is to measure the quality oflife among prostate cancer patients at University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC) and Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) and to ascertain the association factors for physical coefficient summary (PCS) and mental coefficient summary (MCS). A hospital based, cross sectional study using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) questionnaire was conducted over a period of 6 months. A total of 193 respondents were recruited. Their total quality of life score was 70.1±14.7 and the PCS score was lower compared to MCS. The factors associated for PCS were: age, living partner, renal problem, urinary problem of intermittency, dysuria and hematuria.Factors associated for MCS were: age, living partner, renal problem, presenting prostatic specific antigen and urinary problem of intermittency and dysuria. Our prostate cancer patients had moderate quality of life in the physical health components but their mental health was less affected.     

The association of depression and anxiety with health‐related quality of life in cancer patients with depression and/or pain

Objectives: Depression is known to be a major problem in cancer patients, and evidence is emerging about the importance of anxiety. Because the disorders are highly comorbid, we examined the relationship of anxiety and depression with health‐related quality of life (HRQL) in cancer patients. Methods: Sample included 405 adult oncology patients participating in a randomized controlled trial of telecare management for pain and depression. This secondary cross‐sectional analysis of baseline data examined independent and additive effects of anxiety and depression on HRQL, disability, and somatic symptom severity. Results: In 397 patients who screened positive for either pain or depression or both, 135 had comorbid anxiety and depression, 174 had depression but not anxiety, and 88 had neither. Differences existed across all nonphysical HRQL domains and were more pronounced incrementally across the three groups in the expected direction. In GLM modeling, anxiety and depression were each associated with all the domains when modeled separately (p<0.0001). When modeled together, anxiety and depression had independent and additive effects on the mental health domains of HRQL and on somatic symptom burden. In other domains (vitality, perceived disability, overall quality of life, and general health perceptions), only depression had an effect. Conclusion: Anxiety and depression have strong and independent associations with mental health domains and somatic symptom burden in cancer patients. However, depression has a more pervasive association with multiple other domains of HRQL. Paying attention to both anxiety and depression may be particularly important when addressing mental health needs and somatic symptom distress. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.