高质木窗用异形集成材制造技术分析

在分析高质木窗用窗扇、中梃等框料的截面特征参数的基础上,提出用异形框架集成材制造高质木窗的思路,研究了异形框架集成材的制造工艺,分析了用异形框架集成材制造高质木窗在节省木材方面的优点及在我国推广使用异形框架集成材制造高质木窗会带来的显著经济效益.     

集成材的加工机械

集成材是将板材或短木料平行于木材纤维,沿其长、宽、厚度方向胶合而成的新型结构材料,其特点是强度高,变形、开裂小,耐燃性好,可加工任意形状和尺寸等。因此,近年来,集成材在国外得到迅速发展,使之成为木材加工工业的一个重要组成部分.按形状,集成材分为通直集成材、弯曲集成材和板状集成材。按用途分为结构集成材、非结构集成材和单板贴面集成材。     

木工机床应用金刚石刀具

金刚石刀具用于金属切削已经是比较普遍的了,但是金刚石刀具用于木工机床的概念人们还比较陌生。1979年,联邦德国汉诺威展览会上,第一次展出了木材加工用的聚晶金刚石刀具,1981年,在洛杉矶木材加工展览会上,美国第一次引入木材加工用的金刚石刀具,到目前为止,金刚石刀具可以用     

LY12硬铝异形螺纹的加工

文章以LY12硬铝材质的典型零件进行实例分析。针对薄壁零件和圆弧螺纹两大难点进行介绍,提出解决方案,并进行实例加工。在近年来的数控加工产品中,较为常见的加工有异形螺纹的加工,下面就圆弧螺纹这一典型零件来进行工艺和编程分析。由于该零件壁薄,因此要充分考虑产品加工的工艺问题,对工件的刀具的几何参数和装夹来进行分析,这样就使得薄壁零件在加工中出现变形的机率变小,因为异形螺纹的几何外形特殊,工艺复杂,无法运用数控编程螺纹指令直接编程,应选择合理的刀具、螺纹切削指令,同时也要加入宏程序来完成零件的加工。     

用指状刀切削木材时的切削力矩

指榫结合,由于具有良好的结合强度和制品性能,从各种集成材开始直到中小径再生林木和低质阔叶材的复杂的重要加工技术之一。因此,就指状切刀切削木材时的切削力矩(表示切削阻力的一个指标),根据实验结果作一简单的说明。 1、切削力矩与切削面积的关系在进入本题之前先来讨论用切刀的一个刀刃切削的木材断面形状及其面积。首先关     

高效切削加工对机床的要求

在木材加工中生产率的提高,降低制造成本,至今主要依靠数控技术减少辅助时间.高效切削加工的目标是减少加工时间同时没有舍弃质量要求.这方面初期研究工作可以追溯到20年代以前,60年代后高速切削开始发展,在80年代加工技术进步和更加坚硬的刀具材料使高速切削有重大进展.内容丰富的研究计划致力于高速切削的各种金属合金和纤维增强刀具材料.对于每一种工件材料,高速切削的概念必须有一个明确的定义范围.结果表明,加工时间的优化将比通常值有明显的改变,在改善表面质量的同时还可以达到大大降低加工成本的目标.部分仍然进行的木材加工研究计划希望有类似的有益结果.     

非结构集成材的加工技术

非结构集成材（以下简称集成材）是一种家具和室内装饰用材，是由剔除木材缺陷（节子、 树脂、腐朽等）的短小木方指接成一定长度后，再横向拼宽（或拼厚）胶合而成。由于集成材 剔除了木材缺陷，但并未改变木材本身的结构和特性，因此仍然是一种天然木材，它不仅具 有天然木材的质感，外表美现，材质均匀，而且克服了天然木材易翘曲、变形、开裂的缺陷， 其抗拉、抗压强度也优于天然木材，是一种人造板不可替代的新型板材。更重要的是真正做 到了小材大用，次材优用，充分利用工厂加工剩余废料和速生小径材，提高了木材的综合利 用率和附加值，可有效的缓解木材资源的供需矛盾，是一种绿色环保用材。     

善待自然 敬畏责任 用创新打造木材优化产业旗舰——访河北爱美森木材加工有限公司执行董事、首席执行官李理

河北爱美森木材加工有限公司（下称爱美森）成立于2009年11月3日,生产基地位于河北省邯郸市魏县工业园区,以优质速生杨木为原料,采用先进的木材优化技术,依托高科技环保型工艺生产出各种标准的优化实木板材、优化集成材,率先在全国提出了“优化木材”的发展战略。公司主要销售优化刨光材、优化粗刨材及优化集成材。     

激光切削木材中的气流参数——喷嘴设计

自动木材加工系统(英文缩写ALPS),是人们正在进行的旨在使家俱厂板材部件达到优化利用的研究.这个系统的加工过程由计算机显示、计算机优化下锯、激光切削等部分组成.这项研究的重点是优化木材激光切削.激光木材加工借助于计算机进行数控,在减少锯口材料浪费上优于传统的方法.用计算机数控可避开木材有缺陷的地方,把激光束和气流射流喷嘴联接在一起切割木材.新设计的超声速喷嘴用来试验高速气体在一定切削参数条件下高速气流的效果:1)最大切削速度(在给定板的切削厚度条件下);2)提高切削表面质量.超声速喷嘴在喷嘴出口小孔处对过气体加压把压缩空气加速获得马赫=1.8.出口气体流速用x光摄像技术检验可看得见.     

降低喷气织机异形筘使用成本的体会

为了降低喷气织布厂用筘成本,按照喷气织机异形筘的生命周期将用筘成本分解为购买费用、管理费用和维修费用三部分。同时,针对三个部分提出了降低用筘成本的主要途径是:合理选用异形筘、加强异形筘日常管理、做好坏筘维修再利用。通过合理应用以上措施,可以有效节约企业用于异形筘的资金投入。     

A semi-automatic method to determine the wood failure percentage on shear test specimens

An alternative method to quantitatively determine the wood failure percentage on shear test specimens was developed, experimentally tested and successfully applied to specimens with typical combinations of adhesive types and wood species used by the glulam industry in Switzerland. The method consists of a staining technique for a better differentiation of wood fibers and adhesive, and an image processing procedure for a standardized estimation of the fractured surface ratio covered by wood fibers and adhesive, respectively. The semi-automatic method allows for a more objective determination of wood failure percentage and is suitable for quality control in the glulam industry.     

Biegefestigkeit von Brettschichtholzträgern in Abhängigkeit von den festigkeitsrelevanten Einflußgrößen

A statistical model for the determination of the strength of glulam beams was developed. This model divides the totality of glulam beams into two groups: beams with wood failure (knots) and beams with a failure due to finger joints. On the basis of the “true” strength distributions of these two groups, it is possible to calculate the strength of the resultant glulam beams.     

Feasibility of glued laminated timber beams with tropical hardwoods

A feasibility study of glulam was carried out in French Guiana using local wood species. The aim was to determine gluing parameters affording satisfactory behaviour to manufactured glulam in a tropical climate. Three abundant wood species, with special properties, were selected for the study and resorcinol–phenol–formaldehyde resin was used for bonding. Three industrial parameters were considered: adhesive spread rate, closed assembly time and gluing pressure. Delamination and shearing tests were carried out in accordance with European Standards. The tests revealed the influence of wood properties and manufacturing parameters on joint resistance. In fact, the results showed that specific gravity and the shrinkage coefficient greatly influenced the gluing step. Indeed, wood with a medium specific gravity needed more adhesive and more pressure than wood with a high specific gravity. In addition, planing and lamella thickness were found to affect glue joint resistance.     

润滑耐磨功能涂料在木工刀具上的应用

介绍了用于木工刀具抗磨性能改进常用的润滑耐磨功能涂料及其润滑抗磨机理,同时综合了国内外相关研究资料,概述了目前润滑耐磨涂料在木工刀具上的应用现状,提出了其在应用过程中存在的问题及今后的研究方向.     

Influence of mechanical properties and mineral salts in wood species on tool wear of high-speed steels and stellite-tipped tools – Consideration of tool wear of the newly developed tip-inserted band saw

This paper is the third in a series of work done on a novel technique for bandsawing, which uses a tip-inserted saw, and is gaining increasing popularity in Japan. It builds up on previous reports on the novel technique for bandsawing, which considered cutting tool hardness, tool wear, accuracy of kerf width, washboarding, and surface profiles of the workpiece. In this paper, ash content analysis and three-point static bending tests were conducted to clarify the influence of mineral salts and mechanical properties of wood samples of Elais guineensis (Oil palm), Strombosia glaucescens (Afina), and Cryptomeria japonica (Sugi) on cutting tool wear. The cutting tools were made from Stellite and High Speed Steels (HSS) of designations SUS420J2 and TiN coated SKH 51 according to the Japan Industrial Standards (JIS). Among the tested wood samples, the highest cutting tool edge recession when machining with SUS420J2 and TiN coated SKH 51 tools were recorded in Oil palm in spite of Afina possessing the highest mechanical strength properties. On the contrary, Stellite in spite of possessing the smallest hardness (HV580) among all the tested cutting tools recorded the lowest cutting tool edge recession when machining wood samples of Oil palm. However, Stellite recorded the highest edge recession when machining Afina, a high density species. Ash content analysis and a scanning electron micrograph of wood samples of the tested wood species show the presence of high proportions of mineral salts in the transverse, radial and tangential sections of Oil palm. This could perhaps account for the high cutting tool edge recessions recorded in wood samples of the Oil palm. The studies have demonstrated that silica accumulation species could have significant effect on tool wear of high speed steels.     

Wechselwirkung zwischen der Anisotropie der Schwind- und?Quellma?e sowie Holzfeuchte-?nderungen in der Ebene von?gekr��mmtem Brettschichtholz

Findings on the differential shrinkage in the cross-section of solid timber as cylindrically orthotropic material are applied to the plane of curved softwood glulam. From an engineering point of view, the differential shrinkage in the plane of curved glulam is characterised by a ratio of longitudinal shrinkage to averaged shrinkage perpendicular to the grain of 1:24. For solid timber, the ratio tangential to radial is about 2:1. By means of modelling glulam as part of a circular ring it is shown that curvature variations are caused by both pronounced differential shrinkage in the plane of curved glulam and moisture content variations in the hygroscopic range of wood. This can result in constraining and internal stresses in structural systems.     

用单位矢量法求刀具角度

用数学分析方法精确求解木材切削刀具的角度。在求解过程中,用单位矢量来代表刀刃线和刀面的外法线方向,简化了推导过程和计算公式。同时区分了刀刃在坐标平面上的投影角和刀面相对坐标平面的倾斜角,并用实例计算说明这两种角度有时差值较大。因此,精确计算刀具角度对提高木制品的加工精度,提高刀具的强度、寿命及锋利性是有意义的。     

Tannin–resorcinol–aldehyde cold-set wood adhesives with only formaldehyde as hardener

Based on standard tannin adhesive formulations, tannin-resorcinol-glyoxal and tannin-resorcinol-glutaraldehyde cold-setting adhesives were prepared for wood glulam in this paper. Only less para-formaldehyde was added as hardener of adhesives. Both of them showed a rival tensile strength with tannin-resorcinol–formaldehyde adhesive. However they exhibited lower wood failure. The proportion of formaldehyde of the two are drastically decreased.     

木工刀具材料及其发展趋势

简述了木工刀具材料应具备的性能,介绍了常用木工刀具材料的历史发展过程、分类及性能特点,并对未来发展趋势提出了预测。     

Adhesives and techniques open new possibilities for the wood processing industry

The 10 years' industrial and research experience in South Africa in the manufacture, formulation and application of tannin-based adhesives for particleboard, plywood, glulam and fingerjoints is reviewed and discussed. The results obtainable for wood products manufactured with tannin-based adhesives are presented. New techniques for industrial application and some important characteristics of the adhesive correlated to their chemical structure are reviewed.