金属阳离子与十二胺添加顺序对硅酸盐矿物浮选的影响

在浮选过程中,调整剂和捕收剂的不同添加顺序对矿物浮选的影响不同。本文研究了十二胺浮选体系中,Fe3+、Al3+、Pb2+和Cu2+与捕收剂不同添加顺序对石榴子石、绿柱石、锂辉石、角闪石、云母、长石和石英浮选的影响。     

调整剂和油酸钠添加顺序对硅酸盐矿物浮选的影响

以高纯度、无污染的硅酸盐矿物和石英为浮选对象,油酸钠、金属阳离子分别为捕收剂和调整剂,在交换金属阳离子和油酸钠添加顺序的情况下,研究了石榴子石、绿柱石、锂辉石、角闪石、云母、长石和石英的浮选回收率随金属阳离子Fe³⁺、Al³⁺、Pb²⁺和Cu²⁺投加量变化的规律。     

硅酸盐矿物和钾盐浮选

硅酸盐矿物是地球上储量最大，最普遍的矿物。虽然大多数硅酸盐矿物具有相似的化学性质,但世界上大多数选矿厂还是成功地生产出用于不同用途的硅酸盐产品。在美国，用浮选法生产的硅酸盐矿物有石英、长石、云母、锂辉石、滑石、高岭土和硅灰石。本文叙述了几个硅酸盐选矿厂的生产情况和影响它们浮选分离的条件。由于生产工艺常常受市场的制约，因此本文只提供了最普通产品的技术规格。钾盐与磷酸盐和氮一起是化肥最基本的组分。钾盐一般是从地下蒸发的浮选方法，并描述了几个浮选厂的生产实例。     

混合捕收剂分离硅酸盐矿物与石英的研究

本文研究了阴、阳离子混合捕收剂浮选分离长石、钻石、蓝晶石与石英的可能性。试验表明，混合捕收剂具有优良的特性。它的使用可使这三种硅酸盐矿物在中性介质中成功地实现与石英的分离，而不需要添加酸、氟或其它无机药剂。分析了混合捕收剂的性能与特点。通过红外光谱、光电子能谱和俄歇电子能港等手段，对矿物与混合捕收剂之间的作用机理进行了深入的研究。     

硅酸盐矿物浮选过程的理论模拟

由于硅酸盐矿物在各类矿物加工中具有十分重要的地位,几乎所有的矿物加工过程都涉及有用矿物与硅酸盐矿物的浮选分离过程,开展硅酸盐矿物的浮选,尤其是复杂矿物体系硅酸盐浮选的实践与理论研究,具有重要的意义。本文结合本课题团队对烷基胺类浮选药剂在云母类层状硅酸盐矿物表面吸附的分子动力学模拟,重点阐述了计算模拟研究方法、理论与力场等,通过研究捕收剂/水/矿物体系的动力学过程,了解捕收剂在矿物表面的吸附形态、疏水性和疏水链等物理性质。     

硅酸盐矿物浮选原理研究现状

综述了国内外和作本人在硅酸盐矿物浮选原理方面的研究成果和进展。着重论述了硅酸盐矿物浮选的晶体化学原理和硅酸盐矿物浮选的溶液化学和物理化学原理。     

聚合硅酸对含铁硅酸盐矿物浮选抑制作用的机理

水玻璃经H2SO4、Al2(SO4)3,Fe(NO3)3活化以后，在赤铁矿的浮选中对含铁硅酸盐脉石矿物具有良好的选择性抑制作用。红外光谱，光电子能谱的研究结果表明，制得的聚合硅酸胶体溶液中荷正电的组分由于静电作用而选择性地吸附在荷负电的硅酸盐矿物表面，从则导致霓石的浮选到抑制。     

季铵盐捕收剂对铝硅矿物的浮选行为

通过单矿物浮选试验、动电位测定及红外光谱分析研究了十二烷基三甲基氯化铵、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和十八烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵3种季铵盐捕收剂对铝硅矿物一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石和伊利石的浮选行为和作用机理.结果表明:在碱性条件下,以季铵盐为捕收剂可实现一水硬铝石与3种硅酸盐矿物的反浮选分离;一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石的等电点分别为pH6.0、3.4、2.3、3.2,随着矿浆pH值提高,这些矿物的表面动电位均呈负增加;季铵盐捕收剂主要靠静电作用吸附在一水硬铝石、高岭石、叶蜡石及伊利石表面.     

赤铁矿与含铁硅酸盐矿物浮选分离的应用研究

针对包钢强磁精矿石样，分别以氟硅酸盐、聚合硅酸胶体作为含铁硅酸盐脉石霓石的选择性抑制剂，以阴离子脂肪酸磺酸盐为捕收剂，在弱酸性条件下进行赤铁矿的直接浮选，均取得了较好的分选指标。聚合硅酸胶体完全可以替代有毒且价格较贵的氟硅酸盐等含氟抑制剂，降低铁精矿中K2O、Na2O等有害杂质含量，效果十分明显。以聚合硅酸胶体组合抑制剂进行硅铁浮选分离，经过一次粗选、两次精选闭路浮选试验，获得铁精矿品位61.42%、K2 Na2O含量只有0.27%，铁的作业回收率达69.02%。     

钨矿物浮选工艺及捕收剂研究与应用进展

论述了钨加温浮选工艺、常温浮选工艺及钨细粒浮选技术的研究与生产状况,重点介绍了载体浮选、絮凝浮选、团聚浮选等细粒浮选技术,以及钨的阴离子、阳离子和两性捕收剂的研究与应用现状,钨矿物选矿技术发展的方向。     

Fe-BHA用于白钨矿的浮选分离

将FeCl3与苯甲羟肟酸按一定比例混合,形成一种金属离子螯合物Fe-BHA,用于白钨矿-方解石人工混合矿浮选分离。在pH值为7.7时,取得最佳的白钨精矿回收率为68.00%,白钨矿分离指数为2.83,可实现白钨矿在较高精矿回收率的前提下与方解石的有效分离;而在白钨矿-萤石人工混合矿的浮选分离试验中,在pH值11.0时,取得的萤石精矿回收率为78.20%,分离指数为3.51,理论上可以实现白钨矿与萤石的分离。Fe-BHA用于香炉山白钨矿实际矿石的粗选验证试验,在适宜条件下,可获得产率为30.53%、精矿中WO3品位为1.56%、回收率为63.50%的白钨精矿,相比同条件下单独使用苯甲羟肟酸的浮选结果较好。白钨矿的红外光谱证明了Fe-BHA在白钨矿表面化学吸附的存在。     

Mechanism for the recovery of silicate gangue minerals in the flotation of ultrafine sphalerite

The effect of copper sulphate and sodium isopropyl xanthate on the flotation of a mixed mineral system has been studied at pH 9. The mixed mineral system was composed of colloidal silica and ultrafine sphalerite particles. Batch flotation, zeta potential and rheology have been applied to identify mechanisms by which the silica may misreport to a sphalerite concentrate. The results indicate that, in the absence of both copper sulphate and xanthate, silica was recovered essentially by the entrainment mechanism. However, the addition of copper sulphate and isopropyl xanthate increased particle interactions between silica and sphalerite, promoting aggregation. Consequently, silica may misreport to the concentrate via a combination of both entrainment and aggregation mechanisms. Under the conditions applied in the present study, silica is not likely to be recovered via true flotation, i.e. by attachment of silica particles to bubbles.     

Theoretical basis for optimal collector concentrations and pulp pH values during flotation of sulfide-free minerals

A hypothesis that associates optimal conditions of mineral flotation with a zero charge of their surface is put forward. This hypothesis serves as a basis for a methodology to obtain and verify quantitative physical-chemical models for a minimal necessary concentration of a collector during flotation of sulfide-free minerals. These models may be of use for upgrading engineering processes of flotation and as a job for the concentration plant automation systems. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 89–99, March–April, 2006.     

机械搅拌预处理强化锂辉石和硅酸盐矿物浮选分离的研究

通过搅拌和浮选试验、电感耦合等离子体光谱(ICP-AES)检测分析,研究了锂辉石和硅酸盐矿物在不同机械搅拌预处理条件下,矿物表面组分溶出行为和浮选行为。结果表明,随着搅拌转速的提高和搅拌时间的延长,锂辉石浮选回收率提高,长石与石英回收率基本不变,人工混合矿浮选分离效率得到显著提高。锂辉石表面Si组分的溶出量>长石>石英,且锂辉石表面Si组分的溶出量大于Li和Al组分。预处理后锂辉石浮选速率常数与其表面Si组分的相对溶出速率成正比,其表面Si组分溶出速率是决定其浮选速率的关键因素。锂辉石矿物表面Si组分大量溶出,导致表面Al和Li组分相对含量增加,促进了油酸根在表面的吸附,提高了锂辉石的浮选回收率。     

The development of a composite collector for the flotation of rutile

A study was carried out to find a replacement for benzyl arsenic acid (BAA) that was used in the rutile flotation circuit of a hard rock rutile mine in China. Several types of oxide collectors were tested, including sodium oleate, sodium laurate, sodium dodecyl sulphate, amino acids, diphosphonic acid and styryl phosphonic acid. It was found that styryl phosphonic acid (SPA) was the most effective, and that an aliphatic alcohol (e.g., octanol) was required to maintain the effectiveness of SPA.However, octanol was insoluble in water. The composite collector that was mixed with SPA and octanol had to be well emulsified before addition to flotation pulp. Poorly emulsified composite collectors destroyed flotation froths. Several surfactants were tested as emulsifiers and one was found to have the least adverse effects on the selectivity of the composite collector. By using the composite collector that contained SPA, octanol and the emulsifier, a rutile rougher concentrate assaying 71.3% TiO₂ was floated at 81.6% recovery from a feed containing 8.78% Ti0₂ in a single stage rougher flotation.     

云南胶磷矿正浮选捕收剂合成与浮选机理研究

通过三乙醇胺对油酸进行酯化改性,获得油酸酯化改性捕收剂,经红外光谱分析表明,具有明显特征吸收峰。通过浮选机理研究,在试验用量范围内,胶磷矿纯矿物与改性捕收剂作用后接触角可达87.23°(此时上浮回收率达97.87%);油酸改性捕收剂引入亲水基团,CMC提高19.58倍,在水中溶解性增加;同时改性后的捕收剂分子截面积由7.27 ?²增大至9.51 ?²,分子截面积提高了30.81%。药剂作用机理的研究,对与纯矿物来自同一矿山的低品位磷矿石浮选具有较强理论指导意义。     

ZL捕收剂浮选白钨矿的研究和应用

分别用731氧化石蜡皂和ZL作白钨矿的捕收剂,选别含钙脉石矿物高的白钨矿和多金属白钨矿,小型试验和工业试验结果表明,用ZL获得的钨精矿品位和回收率均高于用731氧化石蜡皂,且ZL捕收剂用量少.当含钙脉石矿物高的白钨矿矿石的原矿品位为WO30.58%时,用ZL作捕收剂可获得钨精矿品位66.82%、回收率90.98%的工业试验指标.ZL对白钨矿的捕收能力强、选择性好,且用量少.     

ZL捕收剂浮选白钨矿的研究和应用

分别用731氧化石蜡皂和ZL作白钨矿的捕收剂,选别含钙脉石矿物高的白钨矿和多金属白钨矿,小型试验和工业试验结果表明,用ZL获得的钨精矿品位和回收率均高于用731氧化石蜡皂,且ZL捕收剂用量少.当含钙脉石矿物高的白钨矿矿石的原矿品位为WO30.58%时,用ZL作捕收剂可获得钨精矿品位66.82%、回收率90.98%的工业试验指标.ZL对白钨矿的捕收能力强、选择性好,且用量少.     

The DFT study of cyclohexyl hydroxamic acid as a collector in scheelite flotation

In this paper, cyclohexyl hydroxamic acid (CHA) was investigated as a new collector for scheelite flotation by the Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculation, mineral flotation tests, adsorption measurement and zeta potential determination. The DFT computation results indicated that the dianion of CHA or benzoylhydroxamic acid (BHA) exhibited stronger chemical reactivity than their anions and neutral molecules, and that the replacement of phenyl group by cyclohexyl group in BHA molecule significantly impacted the electron donating ability of hydroxamate collectors. In alkaline aqueous solutions, the two oxygen atoms in the dianions of CHA or BHA charged more negative charges than other atoms, and hence became their reactive center. The dianion of CHA exhibited higher atomic charge value, HOMO (Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital) energy, bigger dipole moment and binding energy with Ca²⁺, thus it had stronger collecting ability for scheelite than that of BHA. In addition, the results of flotation tests, adsorption measurement and zeta potential determination validated that the collecting capability of CHA was stronger than that of BHA, which achieved excellent agreement with computational analysis.