偏头痛患者血浆β—内啡肽含量的研究

本文应用放射免疫法测定了４０例偏头痛患者（典型５例，普通型３１例，丛集型４例）血浆β－内啡肽（β－ＥＰ）的含量，并与正常对照组２０例比较，结果示：患者血浆β－ＥＰ含量均较对照组低，发作期与发作末期较间歇期更低，女性患者较男性患者低。提示血浆β－ＥＰ含量降低可能与偏头痛的发生发展有关。     

偏头痛患者血浆P物质与神经激肽A的变化

为了探讨偏头痛与Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）、神经激肽Ａ（ＮＫＡ）含量之间的关系。本研究放射免疫法测定了６９例无先兆性砂痛患者组与３１例正常对照组血浆ＳＰ与ＮＫＡ含量。结果发现ＳＡＰ与ＮＫＡ在偏头痛患者组较正常对照组升高，且头痛发作期该两种神经肽较间歇期更高。提示ＳＰ与ＮＫＡ可能通过降低痛阈等机理偏头痛的发作。本组男女患者间ＳＰ与ＮＫＡ含量无明显临床上偏头痛了于女性，常于月经期发病，提示ＳＰ、ＮＫＡ等虽参予其发     

P物质与偏头痛及其天容穴治疗的关系

研究了21例无先兆型偏头痛(MWO)患者血浆P物质(SP)的变化,发现MWO发作期血浆SP含量显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而经天容穴治疗后,有效者血浆SP含量下降至正常范围(P<0.01)。提示SP参与了MWO的发病过程。天容穴治疗通过调节SP系统达到镇痛效果。与应用解热镇痛剂比较,天容穴治疗见效迅速,近、远期疗效均好(P<0.01),不失为治疗偏头痛的良好方法。     

L-精氨酸对偏头痛患者血浆一氧化氮、内皮素含量的影响及临床意义

目的　探讨L -Arg对偏头痛患者血浆NO、ET含量变化的影响及其临床意义 ,为防治偏头痛的发生发作提供依据。方法　NO测定采用分光光度法 ,ET用放射免疫法。结果　偏头痛患者血浆NO、ET含量均高于对照组 ,两组注射L -Arg与未注射L -Arg血浆NO含量有非常显著性差异 (P<0 .0 1) ,而ET基本无变化。结论　偏头痛发生发作可能与L -Arg/NO通路活动增强有关 ,L -Arg增加抑制血管内皮细胞释放ET是偏头痛加剧的因素之一。     

抑郁症患者血浆P物质含量变化及其相关性研究

目的探讨抑郁症患者血浆P物质水平的变化及其与抑郁症的关系。方法对32例抑郁症患者(抑郁症组)应用帕罗西汀治疗6周,分别于治疗前和治疗后第6周末采用放射免疫法测定患者血浆P物质含量;同时以汉密尔顿抑郁量表(24项,HAMD)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(18项,HAMA)评定症状严重程度,以HAMD减分率评定疗效。以32名健康志愿者为对照组。结果抑郁症组患者治疗前血浆P物质水平[(51±13)ng/L]明显高于对照组[(43±11)ng/L],差异有统计学意义(P=0.010);治疗后血浆P物质水平[(44±10)ng/L]较治疗前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P=0.001);治疗前后血浆P物质的变化与HAMD总分值的减分率呈显著正相关(rs=0.826,P=0.000)。结论抑郁症患者的血浆P物质存在异常,动态观察血浆P物质水平变化可能有助于判断疗效。     

偏头痛患者血浆内皮素1含量研究

偏头痛的发病机制较为复杂,其血管学说一直被广泛接受,并已有不少相应研究和阳性发现。内皮素(Endothelin,ET)是1988年首先由Yanagisawa等从培养的猪主动脉     

精神分裂症患者血浆和脑脊液中SP含量研究

应用放射免疫法测定精神分鲜明症患者血浆２５例和脑脊液３６例Ｐ物质（ＳＰ）含量，结果表明，患者血浆Ｐ物质含量显著高于对照组，而脑脊液中Ｐ物质含量无明显变化，同时发现血浆和脑脊液中Ｐ物质含量无显著相关性，Ｐ物质含量与服药时间长短无关。     

血浆Lp-PLA2水平与动脉粥样硬化脑梗死患者危险因素的相关性

目的探讨血浆Lp-PLA2水平与动脉粥样硬化脑梗死患者危险因素的相关性,以期为诊断和治疗动脉硬化脑梗死提供理论依据。方法 2014-01—2015-01就诊我院的急性动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死(ACI)患者62例为观察对象,同期选取健康者62例作对照,对2组一般资料、生化指标及血浆Lp-PLA2水平等进行分析,血浆Lp-PLA2和ACI患者常见危险因素的相关性。结果观察组中高血压史和糖尿病史明显多于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组HDL-C水平低于对照组,血浆Lp-PLA2水平明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);血浆Lp-PLA2水平与性别呈正相关,而与吸烟、饮酒史呈负相关(P0.05);而与年龄、高血压史、糖尿病史及生化指标无相关性(P0.05)。结论血浆Lp-PLA2水平与ACI患者常见部分危险因素有相关性,可能是ACI重要的危险因素。     

脑梗死患者血浆TXA2、PGI2和ANP含量的测定

本文应用放射免疫分析法测定了脑梗死患者及正常人血浆血栓素（TXA2）、前列腺素（PGI2）及血浆心纳素（ANP）的含量，结果报告如下。     

偏头痛与血浆cGRP,ANFG和AⅡ含量的研究

采用放射免疫分析技术对３１例偏头痛患者血浆钙基因相关肽、心房利的多肽和血管紧张Ⅱ含量进行了研究。发现偏头痛发作期血浆ｃＧＲＰ和ＡⅡ含量显著头痛间歇期血浆ｃＧＲＰ、ＡＮＦ、ＡⅡ含量与对照组比较无显著差异。     

镁和偏头痛发病机制的研究

目的　了解镁与偏头痛发病机制的关系。方法　检测偏头痛发作患者及健康对照组手术后或肿瘤疼痛（ 疼痛组） 患者血清镁和红细胞镁水平,同时给予偏头痛患者静脉注射潘南金（ Ｄ Ｌ门冬氨酸钾镁） 并观察其反应。结果　偏头痛患者较健康对照组及疼痛组血清镁和红细胞镁均明显降低。经潘南金治疗后具有较低血清镁（ ＜ ０ ．７６ ｍ ｍｏｌ／ Ｌ） 及红细胞镁（ ＜１３５ ｍ ｍｏｌ／ Ｌ） 水平的偏头痛患者症状缓解较血清镁（ ≥０７６ ｍ ｍｏｌ／ Ｌ） 及红细胞镁（ ≥１３５ ｍ ｍｏｌ／ Ｌ） 水平较高的偏头痛患者缓解明显。结论　血液中镁的浓度对偏头痛发作起着重要作用,并参与发病机制。通过补充镁可缓解偏头痛发作的疼痛。     

原发性三叉神经痛患者伽玛刀治疗术前、后血浆P物质水平的观察

目的观察三叉神经痛患者伽玛刀治疗前后血浆P物质的变化,探讨其在三叉神经痛病因及伽玛刀治疗机制中的意义。方法对48例接受伽玛刀治疗的原发性三叉神经痛患者随访疗效,并于术前、术后4、8周测定血浆P物质水平。结果①术后4、8周时的治疗有效率分别为40%、56%;②术后4、8周的血浆SP[分别为(86±19)ng/L、(75±16)ng/L]较治疗前[(109±24)ng/L]下降,差异均有统计学意义(分别t=9.756、13.357,均P=0.000);③术后4周、8周时治疗有效组的SP下降率[分别为(25.8±12.9)%(、33.9±12.6)%]高于同期治疗无效组[分别为(16.6±10.3)%(、26.3±8.9)%],差异均有统计学意义(分别t=2.748、2.336,P=0.009、0.024);④术后4周时的疗效与SP下降率正相关(rs=0.421,P=0.003)。结论三叉神经痛患者伽玛刀术后血浆P水平下降,P物质可能参与了三叉神经痛的发病机制、并与伽玛刀的早期疗效有关。     

Immunoregulatory effects of neuropeptides. Stimulation of interleukin-2 production by substance P

Substance P (SP), a tachykinin neuropeptide, has been previously reported to stimulate T cell proliferation, and SP receptors have been identified on subpopulations of T lymphocytes. The effect of SP on the interleukin-2 (IL-2) production has been investigated by using the murine EL-4.IL-2 and LBRM-T6G T cell lines. SP synergized with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) in a dose-dependent manner to induce IL-2 production. The generated interleukin was identified as IL-2 by neutralization with a specific anti-murine IL-2 monoclonal antibody. The effect of SP was specific, since spantide and physalaemin which have affinity for SP receptors inhibited the generation of IL-2 by SP. These results provide additional evidence for the immunoregulatory role of neuropeptides, and suggest that the immunostimulatory action of SP could be mediated, at least in part, through the upregulation of IL-2 expression.     

Interactions between serotonin and substance P in the spinal regulation of nociception

Interactions between 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and substance P (SP) in the mouse spinal cord were investigated using the tail-flick test and the behavioral response evoked by intrathecal (i.th.) SP or i.th. 5-HT. I.th. injection of 5-HT (20 μg) or the 5-HT₁ receptor agonists(+)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin ((+)-8-OH-DPAT) (20 μg) or 5-methoxy-3(1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-4-yl)-1H-indole (RU 24969) (20 μg) markedly inhibited the tail-flick reflex. The effect of these compounds was reduced when SP (5 μg) was given i.th. 55 min, or 55 and 45 min before the agonists. The tail-flick latencies recorded 5 min before injection of a 5-HT agonist were similar in animals treated with SP or vehicle. The changes in the tail-flick test were not due to changes in tail skin temperature since only minimal differences in the skin temperature were recorded between the groups injected with SP or vehicle. I.th. injection of SP (10 ng) or 5-HT (2 μg) produced a similar behavioral response consisting of biting, licking and scratching of the caudal part of the body, indicative of nociceptive stimulation. The responses both to i.th. SP and 5-HT were reduced after i.th. application of SP receptor antagonist [d-Arg¹,d-Trp^7,9,Leu¹¹]-SP (Spantide) (5 μg), as well as 5 min after i.th. injection of the 5-HT receptor antagonist metergoline (4 μg). The data may indicate functional interactions between SP and 5-HT in the mouse spinal cord, which may take place in neurons involved in the processing of nociception.     

偏头痛患者血浆内皮素水平的观察

用放免法测定５２例偏头痛病人血浆内皮素含量在不同时期的动态变化。结果发现偏头痛患者不同病程阶段血浆内皮素水平均明显高于对照组。头痛发作期与间歇期比较，内皮素含量有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。不同头痛程度之间内皮素水平比较无显著性意义。提示偏头痛患者血管内皮细胞系统可能存在异常。     

A comparative autoradiographic study of the distributions of substance P and eledoisin binding sites in rat brain

The relative potencies of tachykinin peptide analogs competing for binding of [125I]Bolton Hunter-conjugated substance P ([125I]BH-SP) or [125I]Bolton Hunter-conjugated eledoisin ([125I]BH-ED) in slide-mounted rat brain sections are very different, indicating the presence of two distinct tachykinin binding sites. The structure-activity profiles resemble those described in peripheral bioassay studies in which two tachykinin receptors have been postulated. Autoradiography of the two iodinated ligands bound with selective and one-site in vitro incubation conditions shows two discrete and distinctly different distribution patterns in brain. Binding sites for [125I]BH-ED are densely distributed in the accessory olfactory bulb, intermediate layers of the cerebral neocortex, portions of the hippocampal CA fields, hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, central portions of the interpeduncular nucleus, sphenoid nucleus, medial subdivision of the solitary tract complex, and the substantia gelatinosa of the spinal cord. Binding sites for [125I]BH-SP are present in many of these same structures, but the densities and distribution patterns are different. In addition, [125I]BH-SP binds in numerous structures not labeled by [125I]BH-ED. Neither pattern matches the locations of terminations of endogenous tachykinin pathways marked by immunohistochemistry. The results suggest that it would be inappropriate to name brain tachykinin receptors according to the endogenous ligand which binds with highest affinity.     

Occurrence and distribution of substance P receptors in the cerebral blood vessels of the rat

The distribution of immunoreactivity to the receptor for substance P was examined in the cerebral blood vessels of the rat. Substance P immunoreactivity has been demonstrated in the nerve fibers of the cerebral blood vessels. Recently, the production of substance P receptor specific antibody has enabled the detection of localization of the substance P receptor in the central nervous system. In this study, we examined the existence of nerve fibers with substance P receptor immunoreactivity in the cerebral blood vessels and the cranial ganglia innervating the cerebral blood vessels. Sprague–Dawley rats were perfused with fixative and the pial arteries and the cranial ganglia known to innervate the cerebral blood vessels, i.e., trigeminal, sphenopalatine, internal carotid, otic and superior cervical ganglia, were dissected. All specimens were incubated with anti-substance P receptor IgG, then stained by the avidin–biotin–peroxidase complex method. Numerous nerve fibers with varicosities forming plexuses, with substance P receptor immunoreactivity were observed on the walls of the major extracerebral arteries forming the circle of Willis and its branches. Substance P receptor immunoreactivity was also detected in the endothelium of the cerebral arteries. Substance P receptor immunoreactivity was positive in many neurons of the sphenopalatine ganglion, otic ganglion, trigeminal ganglion, superior cervical ganglion and internal carotid ganglion. The present study demonstrated the existence of nerve fibers with substance P receptor immunoreactivity in the cerebral blood vessels and the cranial ganglia that innervate the cerebral blood vessels. These findings are important in understanding the responsiveness of the cerebral blood vessels to substance P.