逆行性A型主动脉夹层腔内隔绝治疗效果观察

目的 观察逆行性A型主动脉夹层的腔内隔绝治疗效果，探讨逆行性A型主动脉夹层腔内隔绝治疗的策略。方法 选取湖南中医药大学第一附属医院2016年10月至2020年11月近端内膜破口位于降主动脉的逆行性A型主动脉夹层患者19例，行主动脉覆膜支架植入术，并于术后1周、3个月、半年、1年随访观察治疗效果。结果 全组随访无一例患者死亡，2例患者支架近端主动脉弓部出现局限性溃疡，2例出现升主动脉夹层，1例支架远端出现夹层，其余14例患者均恢复良好，无相关并发症。结论 近端内膜破口位于降主动脉的逆行性A型主动脉夹层患者，经保守治疗后择期行腔内隔绝手术的治疗策略近中期效果理想。     

覆膜血管内支架治疗急性StanfordB型主动脉夹层动脉瘤8例报告

目的:观察覆膜血管内支架治疗急性Stanford B型主动脉夹层动脉瘤的临床疗效.方法:应用覆膜血管内支架腔内隔绝术.结果:8例病人覆膜支架均一次释放成功,无释放多个支架的病例.2例患者因破口距LSA<1.5 cm封堵了LSA,均无脑供血不足及截瘫发生.结论:覆膜支架腔内隔绝术治疗Stanford B型急性主动脉夹层动脉瘤,封闭了夹层近端破口,扩大了主动脉真腔,改善了腹腔脏器血供是一种安全有效的方法.     

3D打印在复杂主动脉疾病个体化腔内治疗中的应用价值

【摘要】目的：探讨3D打印技术在复杂主动脉疾病个体化腔内治疗中的应用价值。方法：搜集3例复杂主动脉病变,包括病变邻近主动脉弓远端的Stanford B型主动脉夹层（病例1）,病变累及升主动脉但原发破口位于降主动脉的逆撕Stanford A型主动脉夹层（病例2）和解剖迂曲的肾动脉下型腹主动脉瘤（病例3）。通过3D打印模型制定个体化腔内治疗方案。结果：根据3D打印模型制定个体化手术方案,病例1行左锁骨下动脉+左颈总动脉开窗,病例2行单纯腔内修复,病例3行腔内隔绝术;3例患者术中造影均显示无内漏,开窗血管血流通畅,无支架移位、截瘫、神经系统并发症发生。术后随访1年,3例均无内漏,假腔或瘤体血栓机化,无主动脉相关事件发生。结论：3D打印技术有助于复杂主动脉疾病最优化、个体化腔内治疗方案的制定,临床应用前景广泛。     

16层螺旋CTA术前评估主动脉夹层及动脉瘤腔内隔绝术的价值

目的:探讨16层螺旋CT血管成像(16-MSCTA)在主动脉夹层和腹主动脉瘤腔内带膜支架置入术前评估中的价值.方法:40例主动脉夹层和腹主动脉瘤患者术前行16层螺旋CT血管成像检查.采用层面准值16×0.75,螺距1,重建层厚1 mm,间隔0.7 mm;碘对比剂总量按患者体重计算,CTA延迟扫描时间用小剂量对比剂试验法测定;重点运用专用软件测量主动脉夹层及动脉瘤腔内带膜支架置入术所需的所有参数.结果:Ⅲ型夹层26例,单个破口23例,多个破口3例.其中8例符合腔内隔绝术;腹主动脉瘤14例,其中4例符合腔内隔绝术.16-MSCTA提示腹主动脉瘤合并动脉粥样硬化改变11例,与病理诊断结果一致(100%).结论:16-MSCTA可从局部到整体对瘤体进行多方位的观察和测量,提供腔内隔绝术所需的各项参数,为主动脉夹层和腹主动脉瘤选择治疗方案以及术前规划提供更多的信息.     

带膜支架治疗Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层的经验探讨

目的:探讨Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层(TAD)腔内隔绝术一些经验.方法:回顾性分析我院2002年～2005年全麻下行腔内隔绝术的36例Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层患者的资料.结果:所有患者均成功实行了带膜支架腔内隔绝术,未出现死亡现象,内漏9例,右股动脉切开处内膜撕裂3例.结论:带膜支架置入术治疗Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层是一种安全有效的方法,但术中术后并发症的预防是成功的关键.     

StanfordB型主动脉夹层腔内治疗临床分析

目的分析StanfordB型主动脉夹层腔内修复的治疗经验。方法总结2012年7月～2013年2月经腔内治疗7例StanfordB型主动脉夹层患者资料,所有患者均在计算机体层血管造影（Computedtomographyangiography,CTA）条件下确定诊断,在数字减影血管造影（Digitalsubtractionangiography,DSA）和全身麻醉条件下行腔内隔绝术。按照术后1个月、6个月、12个月的随访计划,观察瘤体形态学改变、治疗效果及并发症的发生情况。结果腔内技术成功率100％（7,7）,临床成功率100％（7,7）,术后住院期间无死亡患者,无左锁骨下动脉完全封闭,部分封闭2例,左锁骨下动脉烟囱支架2例,夹层累及腹腔干1例,肠系膜上动脉1例,累及一侧肾动脉2例,腹主动脉段存在远端破口2例,髂总动脉及髂外动脉存在远端破口1例。所有患者术后均未出现脑供血不足的临床表现,无截瘫情况发生,经过1个月、6个月及12个月的随访均正常存活,无新破口出现。结论StanfordB型主动脉夹层腔内治疗是一种有效方法,在血压控制平稳条件下,应尽快完成腔内修复治疗,对于夹层累及多个脏器动脉情况,应观察脏器血液灌注流速及流量,如有脏器严重缺血情况出现,应及时放置支架缓解血供,对于多个远端破口病例,应根据具体情况,在避免并发症的基础上尽早完成破口的封闭,并加强随访,观察病变处的动态变化。     

血管腔内隔绝术治疗降主动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的：探讨血管腔内隔绝术治疗降主动脉夹层动脉瘤的技术方法和疗效。方法：对10例降主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者的临床资料进行分析,其中2例为DeBakeyШa型,8例为DeBakeyШb型。1例夹层动脉瘤仅累及腹主动脉,合并真性动脉瘤。影像学资料显示全组有3例在不同部位有2个以上撕裂口。结果：1例腹主动脉混合型动脉瘤按腹主动脉瘤腔内隔绝术进行,2例将人工带膜支架封闭左锁骨下动脉口,另7例均顺利进行主动脉腔内隔绝术。随访2~16个月,全部病例均存活。结论：血管腔内置入带膜支架型人工血管是治疗主动脉夹层动脉瘤的简便、安全、有效的方法。     

Ⅲ型主动脉夹层腔内隔绝术治疗的临床分析与随访

目的探讨DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层的临床特征和腔内隔绝术治疗的中远期疗效。方法回顾分析我科2009年1月～2010年12月收治的69例Ⅲ型主动脉夹层患者的临床特征及腔内隔绝治疗效果,通过随访了解其生存状况及术后并发症发生情况,评价临床中远期疗效。结果主动脉夹层症状以剧烈胸背部疼痛为主,但无特异性,部分病人可以腹痛、腹胀、少尿等为首发症状;腔内隔绝术可有效改善夹层动脉瘤患者生活质量,提高临床治愈率。临床随访12～24个月,69例中,死亡4例,生存率94.2%。结论Ⅲ型主动脉夹层是临床较凶险的疾病,腔内隔绝术可有效提高其临床治愈率及远期生存率。     

带膜支架治疗胸主动脉夹层和真性动脉瘤的经验分析

目的探讨血管腔内治疗主动脉夹层和真性动脉瘤的技术方法和疗效。方法24例主动脉夹层和(或)真性动脉瘤患者的临床资料进行分析。StanfordB型23例,4例在不同部位有2个以上撕裂口。真性动脉瘤1例。全组均以带膜支架型人工血管腔内植入行隔绝术。结果除2例患者术后出现内漏外,其余患者带膜支架植入后破口完全封闭。真腔血流恢复正常。手术成功率100%,无术中转开胸手术,无截瘫及瘤体破裂等严重并发症,无围手术期死亡。随访1~20个月,24例均经螺旋CT增强扫描和5例DSA复查,证实无支架移位等严重并发症发生,原2例内漏患者术后2个月后复查DSA,内漏均消失。结论带膜支架腔内置入治疗胸主动脉StanfordB型夹层动脉瘤和真性动脉瘤具有技术可靠,创伤小,术后恢复快,手术死亡率低,手术成功率高和生存率高的优点,尤其在亚急性期或慢性期的夹层动脉瘤均应为首选的治疗方法。     

单分支型主动脉覆膜支架治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层的临床价值

【摘要】 目的 探讨单分支型主动脉覆膜支架在Stanford B型主动脉夹层单纯腔内隔绝治疗中的临床价值。 方法 2017年7月至2018年10月采用国产CastorTM单分支型主动脉覆膜支架行单纯腔内隔绝治疗19例Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者,观察术后即时血管造影结果。术后1个月门诊随访,术后6个月复查主动脉CTA。以手术成功率、假腔消失率和分支支架通畅率为有效性终点指标,观察相应不良事件。 结果 19例患者支架均释放成功,技术成功率100%。围手术期无不良事件发生。随访期患者无死亡,4例门诊随访时出现左上肢缺血症状,经对症治疗后缓解。无严重内漏发生,分支支架通畅率100%,夹层假腔均出现血栓化,假腔直径平均缩小（10.3±1.2） mm（肺动脉分叉平面）。 结论 单分支型主动脉支架对于近端破口距左锁骨下动脉开口＜15 mm或逆撕至左锁骨下动脉根部的Stanford B型主动脉夹层,是有效的单纯腔内隔绝方法。     

急性期Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内治疗研究进展

随着胸主动脉腔内修复术（TEVAR）的广泛应用及迅速发展,腔内治疗已成为了Stanford B型主动脉夹层的一线治疗方法。腔内治疗主动脉夹层的预后除了依赖于术前个体化方案的制定和术中操作者的经验,更依赖于手术指征及时机的掌握。对于急性期复杂性B型夹层,提倡在药物治疗的基础上早期行TEVAR手术;对于急性期非复杂性B型夹层是否可行TEVAR手术仍存在争议。文章主要就急性期B型主动脉夹层行腔内治疗的研究进展进行综述。     

覆膜支架治疗降胸主动脉瘤

目的评估覆膜支架治疗术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层和降主动脉瘤的安全性和近期疗效。方法2003年3月至2005年9月期间,共29例Stanford B型主动脉夹层和2例降胸主动脉瘤患者接受覆膜支架治疗术,所有患者均有高血压病史,其中急性发病27例.本组采用两种支架(Mdtronic Talent15例,上海微创Aegis 16例),术后采用CTA进行定期随访。结果所有支架均成功按预期定位释放,术后即刻DSA复查显示23例夹层患者近端破裂口完全封闭,2例降主动脉瘤也完全隔离,6例发现有内漏;术后7 d CTA复查发现16例假腔内完全血栓形成,12例近端假腔形成血栓,远端假腔仍开放。结论覆膜支架术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层和降主动脉瘤安全、有效,可替代外科手术。但覆膜支架术的确切长期疗效尚待进一步的大样本、前瞻性对照研究才能确定。     

Endovascular repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm and intramural hematoma in giant cell arteritis

An 80-year-old woman with established giant cell arteritis presented at the authors' institution with a 6.5-cm false aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta complicated by focal dissection and intramural hematoma after a 1-week history of acute-onset chest pain. The patient underwent uncomplicated endovascular aortic repair with a 32-mm x 15-cm TagExcluder stent-graft. After the procedure, the intramural hematoma resolved and the patient's corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy was repeatedly adjusted. However, the giant cell arteritis activity relapsed after 8 months with development of a similar 1.5-cm false aneurysm below the thoracic stent-graft, complicated by focal intramural hematoma. Repeat uncomplicated thoracic stent-graft implantation was performed and CT follow-up displayed resorption of the intramural hematomas with no evidence of endoleak or any new aortic pathology. This report discusses the difficult management of patients with relapsing active aortic giant cell arteritis and the potential role for endovascular thoracic aortic repair.     

Endovascular treatment of late in-stent-graft dissection after thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair

Complications after endovascular repair of thoracic aortic pathologies may be devastating. We report the case of endovascular treatment of late in–stent-graft dissection after thoracic endovascular aneurysm repair (TEVAR). A 25-year-old man was admitted to our hospital 2 years after endovascular treatment of posttraumatic aortic pseudoaneurysm using stent-graft implantation with an acute sudden onset of ischemia in both legs with absent femoral pulses, numbness, and renal functions deterioration. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography showed an intimal flap in the distal part of the stent-graft with critical stenosis of the residual lumen. The patient was successfully treated with stent-graft implantation by way of percutaneous approach while under local anesthesia. The risk of this late complication after TEVAR should be considered during follow-up, especially in young patients with increased physical activity. Endovascular treatment can be the method of choice for these patients.     

腔内隔绝术治疗合并肾功能衰竭的主动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的 探讨合并肾功能衰竭的Stanford B型主动脉夹层动脉瘤腔内隔绝术(EVE)的手术适应证、围手术期处理等。方法 2例术前合并肾功能衰竭者，术前1d加做血透1次，术中控制补液量，术后床旁血透。结果 2例肾衰患者手术顺利，围手术期代谢及循环平稳。结论 在认真做好围手术期处理的前提下，合并肾功能衰竭的主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者可以安全接受EVE治疗。     

Endovascular treatment in diseases of the thoracic aorta

PURPOSE: To determine whether endovascular treatment of thoracic aorta conditions can be an effective alternative approach to surgical repair. MATERIAL AND METHODS: July 1997 to February 1999, eighteen patients (16 men and 2 women; 58.6 +/- 14.8 years) presenting with different kinds of descending aorta conditions were selected for the endovascular treatment. All patients exhibited severe comorbid pulmonary and/or cardiovascular medical conditions which increased surgical risk. All implants were performed in the operating room under fluoroscopic and TEE guidance. Clinical and imaging follow-up was performed 1, 3, 6 and 12 months later. RESULTS: The endovascular treatment was successful in 17 cases. No deaths or major complications occurred. No leakage was evident at post-procedure angiography. The patients were discharged after 6 +/- 4 days. MRI or CT study performed before hospital discharge showed aneurysms exclusion in 16 patients. In the four cases of dissection, thrombosis of the false lumen was evident since the first follow-up study. In the group of patients (11 cases) with 6 months follow-up, the diameters of stented aortic segments decreased. No late leakage was observed and thrombosis was complete in all cases. DISCUSSION: The natural history of aortic aneurysms and dissection is progressive toward dilation and aortic rupture. Surgery of descending thoracic aorta is burdened with a mortality of 8-12% in elective cases and over 50% in emergency cases or aortic dissection. The endovascular treatment of aortic conditions was introduced in clinical practice in 1991 and literature data show that it is effective, with lower mortality and morbidity rates than surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: Our results stress the feasibility and effectiveness of endovascular procedure in the treatment of complex thoracic aorta conditions even in high risk patients. Thus, endovascular treatment of thoracic aorta can be considered an effective alternative approach to conventional surgery.     

Stanford B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术治疗体会

目的:探讨腔内修复术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层的效果。方法:对2005-09~2010-02期间18例Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者实行血管造影和血管腔内带膜支架植入手术治疗,术后3、6、12个月行CTA检查,观察手术疗效以及有无狭窄、移位和扭曲等术后并发症。结果:无中转开胸手术。除1例再发Stanford A型夹层破裂死亡外,其余患者均顺利出院。结论:主动脉夹层腔内修复术治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层是一种安全有效的方法,早期结果满意,中远期效果还有待观察。     

主动脉夹层动物模型构建方法研究现状

主动脉夹层是一种致死致残率极高的危急疾病,患者出现濒死样剧烈胸背部疼痛应怀疑此病可能,CT或MRI是诊断该病的可靠方法.近年腔内治疗已成为Stanford B型主动脉夹层首选治疗方法,部分无法开放手术治疗的Stanford A型夹层患者也可采用腔内治疗方法.为了改进腔内治疗方法、开发新器械、研究主动脉夹层发病机制,需要构建出稳定的动物模型.该文就主动脉夹层动物模型构建研究现状作一综述.     

Stanford B型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤合并肾缺血的诊治(附3例报告)

为探讨合并肾缺血的StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤的诊断和处理 ,分析 1996年 1月至 2 0 0 0年 4月收治的StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤 2 9例 ,其中合并肾缺血 3例 ,为急性期 2例 ,慢性期 1例。急性期 1例发病后第 3天死亡 ,另 1例同时合并肾缺血和双下肢缺血 ,经夹层隔膜开窗术缓解 ;慢性期 1例经腔内隔绝术治愈夹层后肾缺血自行缓解。提示合并肾缺血的StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层动脉姑息性转流手术有助于缓解症状 ,提高生存率 ;对于慢性StanfordB型胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤合并肾缺血的患者 ,腔内隔绝术在治愈夹层动脉瘤的同时恢复了真腔供血 ,肾缺血可同时治愈     

Endovascular stent-graft management of thoracic aortic diseases.

The traditional standard therapy for descending thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) is open operative repair with graft replacement of the diseased aortic segment. Despite important advances in surgical techniques, anesthetic management, and post-operative care over the last 30 years, the mortality and morbidity of surgery remains considerable, especially in patients at high risk for thoracotomy because of coexisting severe cardiopulmonary abnormalities or other medical diseases. The advent of endovascular stent-graft technology provides an alternative to open surgery for selected patients with TAA. The initial experience suggests that stent-graft therapy potentially may reduce the operative risk, hospital stay and procedural expenses of TAA repair. These potential benefits are especially attractive for patients at high risk for open TAA repair. Current results of endovascular TAA therapy document operative mortalities of between 0 and 4%, aneurysm thrombosis in 90 and 100% of cases, and paraplegia as a complication in 0 and 1.6% of patients. The early success of stent-graft repair of TAA has fostered the application of these devices for the management of a wide variety of thoracic aortic pathologies, including acute and chronic dissection, intramural hematoma, penetrating ulcer, traumatic injuries, and other diseases. The results of prospective controlled trials that compare the outcomes of stent-graft therapy with those of surgical treatment in patients with specific types of aortic disease are anxiously awaited before recommendations regarding the general use of these new devices can be made with confidence.