焊缝强度对薄壁焊管绕弯起皱及壁厚的影响

在薄壁焊管绕弯成形中,焊管起皱及壁厚分布受焊缝相对基体材料强度的影响.提出了焊缝相对强度因子Sf的概念,以反映焊缝相对于基体材料的强弱性,并推导了其解析表达式,给出了适用于焊管的起皱趋势判断公式.同时,基于有限元模拟,分析了焊缝相对强度因子对焊管绕弯成形过程中起皱及壁厚变化的影响规律.研究表明:1)当焊缝相对强度因子S...     

薄板剪应力起皱研究

以Hill关于弹塑性失稳理论为基础,建立了剪应力起皱失稳的速度场分布,给出了临界起皱剪应力理论计算结果,分析了板料屈服强度、硬化指数、板厚方向性指数及板料厚度对临界剪应力的影响,并与实验和数值模拟结果进行了对比。研究表明:薄板在剪应力作用下可以产生起皱,临界剪应力理论计算、实验及数值模拟结果基本相符,临界剪应力随屈服强度σs减小、硬化指数n值的增大、板厚方向性指数r值的增大、板料厚度t的增大而增大。     

管材数控弯曲回弹规律的有限元分析

回弹是管材弯曲卸载后必然发生的现象,并严重影响弯曲管件的精度和管材弯曲生产的效率.成形参数对管材弯曲卸载后的回弹有重要的影响.为了研究成形参数对回弹角的影响,基于弹塑性有限元软件ANSYS建立了管材数控弯曲及回弹的有限元模型,以不锈钢管弯曲及回弹过程为典型研究对象,实验验证了所建立的有限元模型的可靠性,并分析了部分工艺和材料性能参数对管材数控弯曲回弹的影响规律.结果表明:回弹角随弯曲角、芯棒与管壁间隙及材料硬化系数的增大而增大,随材料硬化指数的增大而减小.     

材料参数对3A21矩形管弯曲回弹的敏感性分析

为了解材料参数波动对3A21铝合金薄壁矩形管弯曲回弹的影响,基于动态显式有限元软件ABAQUS,借助多因素敏感性分析方法,建立了薄壁矩形管弯曲回弹敏感性分析模型,对材料参数影响回弹的规律进行了敏感性分析.结果表明：弹性模量是影响3A21薄壁矩形管回弹最敏感的因素,其次分别为强度系数、初始屈服应力及硬化指数;弹性模量对回...     

板材圆孔翻边成形极限的一个予计式

本文对几种金属板材进行了圆孔翻边成形极限的试验和分析研究;在试验现象观察和分析的基础上,提出并验证了板材的圆孔翻边成形极限主要与该材料单向拉伸试件的断裂剖面收缩率Ψ有关,计及材料的厚向异性指数r、硬化指数n和试件的相对厚度t/(D_凸 t)的影响时,极限翻边系数可足够准确地用下式佑算:     

筒形件深拉伸褶皱预防方法的研究

分析轴向弯矩致使筒形件深拉伸褶皱产生的机理,得到材料褶皱发生的临界状态的平衡式。根据板料产生皱褶的临界相对厚度,讨论在不压料条件下板料的屈服强度σs、弹性模量E、泊松比μ、硬化指数n和拉深系数m等因素对筒形件法兰褶皱产生的影响。讨论在压料条件下,模具参数、拉深工况、板料初始几何参数、材料性能参数等因素对抑制法兰褶皱的临界压边力的影响,制定出防止法兰褶皱产生的工艺措施。     

拼焊板U形件弯曲成形回弹补偿和焊缝移动规律研究

为了提高预测回弹的准确性,选用了拼焊板U形件作为研究对象,运用Dynaform软件,进行冲压成形和回弹的有限元数值模拟研究,得出了压边力、板料强度以及板料厚度对焊缝移动的影响规律,并探讨了焊缝、压边力、材料性能参数和板料厚度对回弹的影响,最终进行回弹补偿与实验验证.研究结果表明随着压边力的增大,焊缝向厚侧移动;板料强度不同时,焊缝向强度高的一侧移动;厚度不同时,焊缝向板料厚的一侧移动;焊缝会令板料的回弹量增大;随着压边力的增大,回弹量减小;弹性模量相同的条件下,材料屈服极限σs越高,回弹角越大;材料硬化指数n越小,回弹角越大;保持厚侧板料不变的情况下,另一侧板料越薄,回弹量越大.     

5A06铝镁合金温热环境变形机理的研究

目的获得5A06铝镁合金的本构方程及各向异性指数。方法在一定温度范围和不同应变速率下进行单向拉伸试验,获得了5A06-O铝镁合金板材不同温度不同应变速率下的真实应力-真实应变曲线及不同方向的厚向异性指数等关键参数,并结合当前关于各向异性屈服准则的研究,通过分析与计算得到了适合于5A06铝镁合金温热成形的Barlat2000各向异性屈服准则。结果获得了温度范围为150～300℃的5A06铝镁合金的本构方程,以及温度范围为20～300℃的5A06铝镁合金的各向异性系数α_1—α_8随温度的变化曲线。结论获得的5A06铝镁合金的本构方程及各向异性指数较为符合实验结果,可用于该材料温热成形的有限元模拟。     

新型铝锂合金板材塑性流动与各向异性性能试验研究

通过单向拉伸试验,研究了新型Al-Li-Cu-Mg合金板材的基本成形性能.针对材料显著的各向异性性能,选取屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率以及厚向异性指数等材料性能参数进行对比分析,绘制了7个不同取样方向的单向拉伸曲线,研究了材料各向异性的规律.基于对本构方程、各向异性屈服准则的研究及对比,建立了新型Al-Li-Cu-Mg合金的本构模型,并根据实验曲线计算得到Hill48、Barlat89屈服准则中的各向异性参数,结合各屈服准则绘制了新型Al-Li-Cu-Mg合金屈服轨迹.对比分析各试件的断口方向,并结合第一、第三强度理论,分析了材料的各向异性.利用SEM观察试样的断口形貌,分析对比试件断口的韧窝特征及带状特征.研究发现:试件的延伸率越大,其韧窝特征越明显;反之,其带状特征越明显.从微观角度印证了Al-Li-Cu-Mg合金板材存在的各向异性.     

数值模拟碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料的力学性能

本文根据连续介质理论,采用代表性体积元的方法计算了碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料的力学性能。使用有限元软件ABAQUS对代表性体积元模型进行分析,研究了不同碳纳米管体积分数对复合材料弹性模量、屈服强度、泊松比及剪切模量的影响。结果表明碳纳米管体积分数对复合材料力学性能有显著影响,随着碳纳米管体积分数的增加,复合材料的弹性模量、屈服强度及剪切强度都明显提高,泊松比略有下降。     

Coupling effects of material properties and the bending angle on the springback angle of a titanium alloy tube during numerically controlled bending

The significant springback after the numerically controlled (NC) bending of a titanium alloy tube has an important influence on the precision of the shape and size of the bent tube. This springback depends on the material properties of the tube, the bending angle, and especially their coupling effects. The influence of some material properties and the bending angle on the springback angle in the NC bending of a TA18 tube were investigated using a three-dimensional (3D) elastic–plastic finite element model. Using multivariate and stepwise analyses, the coupling effects of the bending angle and the material properties on the springback angle during NC bending were revealed. It was observed that Young’s modulus, yield stress, the strain hardening coefficient and exponent, and the thickness anisotropy exponent, as well as interactions of these parameters with the bending angle, have a significant influence on the springback angle. The bending angle, yield stress, and hardening coefficient have positive effects on the springback angle, and Young’s modulus, the hardening exponent, and the thickness anisotropy exponent have negative effects. The influence of the material properties of the titanium alloy increases with the bending angle. Young’s modulus and the strain hardening coefficient and exponent have the greatest influence on the springback angle. The results will be very useful in predicting, compensating for and controlling the springback of titanium alloy tubes during NC bending.     

弯曲速度对弯管壁厚变化的影响

采用不同弯曲速度对5A06和1Cr18NiTi管进行了旋转弯曲试验和有限元模拟。分析后指出,弯曲速度对弯曲内侧管壁变形影响较大,弯曲内侧切向应力、应变及管壁增厚率均随弯曲速度增大而增大。同时,内侧管壁增厚对弯曲速度的敏感性具有随原始壁厚的增大而减小的变化趋势。薄壁管在过大弯曲速度下成形时,内侧因材料流动受阻滞易发生失稳起皱。     

高强TA18钛管数控弯曲织构演变数值模拟

目的获得高强TA18钛管数控弯曲过程的织构演变规律。方法基于高强TA18钛管数控弯曲三维弹塑性显式有限元模型以及耦合粘塑性自洽晶体塑性模型(VPSC),获得钛管数控弯曲过程中的织构演变规律,通过单向拉伸、压缩和数控弯曲实验与EBSD分析验证了织构演变预测的可靠性。结果高强TA18钛管数控弯曲过程中,弯曲角度为0°~90°时,弯曲后管材内外侧均形成径向织构与轴向织构。结论高强TA18钛管的初始织构为近径向织构,在数控弯曲过程中,随弯曲角度增大,管材内侧轴向织构逐渐增多,径向织构先减小后增大;管材外侧的周向织构与轴向织构都逐渐增加;实验对比分析表明,预测的织构变化趋势和实验结果基本一致。     

An analytical model for predicting springback and side wall curl of sheet after U-bending

An analytical model for predicting sheet springback after U-bending is proposed in this paper based on Hill48 yielding criterion and plane strain condition. The model takes into account of the effects of deformation history, thickness thinning and neutral surface shift on the sheet springback of U-bending. Three rules for material hardening – kinematic, isotropic and combined hardening – have been used to consider the effect of complex deformation history that has undergone stretching, bending, and unbending deformations on the sheet springback. The model is applied to the benchmark of NUMISHEET’93 2-D draw bending problem. It indicates that the springback is overestimated when isotropic hardening is applied, while is underestimated when kinematic hardening is applied. For reverse loading problem, the combined hardening is a good approach to the practical material. In addition to that, the effects of blank holding force, friction coefficient between sheet and tools, sheet thickness and anisotropy have been investigated. When the shifting distance of neutral surface exceeds one-fourth of sheet thickness, the springback can be reduced effectively by increasing the blank holding force and friction between sheet and die. And the springback increases with anisotropy and friction between sheet and punch, and decreases with the sheet thickness.     

单元类型对有限元计算弯管截面畸变及壁厚变化的影响

在1Cr18Ni9Ti管回转牵引弯曲试验的基础上,分别采用实体单元和壳单元进行了相应的有限元模拟。分析2种单元类型的模拟结果后发现,采用实体单元和壳单元都能较好地表现管材的弯曲成形形状及过程,但两者的模拟结果存在差异。实体单元能较为准确地反映弯管的应力应变状态,对弯管横截面畸变的模拟结果更接近于实验值,而在预测弯管壁厚变化及起皱程度时,壳单元更合适。     

Alternative methods to determine the elastoplastic properties of sintered hydroxyapatite from nanoindentation testing

This study introduces alternative methods to determine the elastoplastic properties of bovine-derived Hydroxyapatite (HA) porous bone graft through a set of nanoindentation tests with a Berkovich indenter. Generally, experimental data obtained from nanoindentation tests are force displacement, hardness and elastic modulus. However, to determine plastic properties such as strength coefficient and work hardening exponent of bovine HA, analytical or inverse finite element models are required. In this paper, the effect of sintering temperature on these properties of HA is studied for the range of 1000–1400 °C. The direct and inverse Finite Element (FE) simulation models for nanoindentation tests were written in MSC, MARC^® software. A special algorithm for the inverse technique was developed to infer the most suitable elastoplastic material model for HA. A semi-empirical method was adapted to calculate the elastoplastic material properties of HA. The numerical results of harder hydroxyapatite showed better agreement with the experiments while the work hardening exponent, or n-value, and strength coefficient k of hard HA were found to be 0.23 and 8.05 GPa respectively. A comparison between the experimental and predicted load–displacement curves showed that the proposed inverse technique is effective in predicting the elastoplastic material properties from the nanoindentation test with error below 4% at maximum load.     

Asymptotic solution for mode III crack growth in J 2-elastoplasticity with mixed isotropic-kinematic strain hardening

Mode III fracture propagation is analyzed in a J ₂-flow theory elastoplastic material characterized by a mixed isotropic/kinematic law of hardening. The asymptotic stress, back stress and velocity fields are determined under small-strain, steady-state, fracture propagation conditions. The increase in the hardening anisotropy is shown to be connected with a decrease in the thickness of the elastic sector in the crack wake and with an increase of the strength of the singularity. A second order analytical solution for the crack fields is finally proposed for the limiting case of pure kinematic hardening. It is shown that the singular terms of this solution correspond to fully plastic fields (without any elastic unloading sector), which formally are identical to the leading order terms of a crack steadily propagating in an elastic medium with shear modulus equal to the plastic tangent modulus in shear.