基于单片机的高精度A/D与D/A转换

基于单片机的高精度A/D与D/A转换由单片机和运算放大器LM324及软件构成.软件产生脉宽调制(PWM)信号,经RC滤波并延时后,LM324对输入负端电压与正端的模拟量电压值进行比较以得到输出.通过软件调整和连线,可得到4通路A/D转换.用同样的原理,可得D/A转换.     

对转螺旋桨测速仪的设计与实现

针对水下航行器对转螺旋桨的转速测量,分析了测速仪的功能和性能要求,采用C8051F020单片机、双探头霍尔传感器、双色数码管、鉴相电路、嗡鸣器等搭建了硬件电路,具有计数与中断功能,并留有RS-485接口和JTAG编程接口。为了提高测量精度利用变M/T法测量转速,给出了主程序和中断处理程序流程,实现了转速测量、正反转识别、显示、报警等功能,试验结果表明,所设计的测速仪能够完成总体要求的所有功能。     

基于I2C总线接口的智能温控系统

基于I2C总线接口的智能温控系统由AT89C2051单片机和LM76温度传感器及软件组成.通过单片机AT89C2051通用I/O口模拟I2C总线,控制温度传感器LM76.并采用监控程序、I2C总线模拟通用子程序等软件实现测控功能和数字平滑滤波.该系统留有RS-485通信端口,符合先进电源接口(ACPI)规范.     

基于I2C总线接口的智能温控系统

基于I2C总线接口的智能温控系统由AT89C2051单片机和LM76温度传感器及软件组成.通过单片机AT89C2051通用I/O口模拟I2C总线,控制温度传感器LM76.并采用监控程序、I2C总线模拟通用子程序等软件实现测控功能和数字平滑滤波.该系统留有RS-485通信端口,符合先进电源接口(ACPI)规范.     

基于Android 平台的服务机器人控制系统

为了实现 Android 平台对机器人的无线控制功能,以服务机器人为例,设计该服务机器人的控制系统,实现Android终端与单片机间的无线通信,从而可以通过Android终端控制机器人.详细介绍该室内服务机器人控制系统的硬件设计和软件实现的全过程.以 ATmega128 单片机作为控制核心,Android 终端可以通过无线通信模块对机器人进行控制,扩展了机器人的服务功能.在AtmelStudio6.0环境下采用C语言编程实现服务机器人各模块设计,使用Java语言通过eclipse软件编写Android应用程序,完成Android终端与单片机之间的通信.     

真空熔药机自动化控制技术

系统采用计算机与PLC相结合的控制方式,通过工业控制网络将计算机、可编程控制器、现场检测仪表和执行器集成为一体,实现了集中管理、监控,分散控制和单元控制的目标。采用绝对编码器实现了熔药机转速和位置的实时测量,通过程序实现了熔药机停止定位。系统具有手动、自动功能;良好的人机对话功能,实现了熔药自动化。     

车用BUCK变换器控制策略的研究

针对车载高压直流电源在发动机转速、供电负载频繁发生突变时输出直流电压产生波动的问题,提出了超前-滞后补偿策略,采用复合控制的方式对输出电压进行控制.仿真和台架试验的结果表明,该控制策略实现了在发动机转速及电源负载发生突变时对直流电源输出电压的稳定控制.     

基于PROFIBUS-DP的纺织厂温湿度监控系统

针对纺织厂空调系统主要采用人工控制的现状,提出一种基于PROFIBUS-DP的温湿度监控系统。以新疆阿克苏巨鹰纺织厂为例,给出了系统总体控制方案,将该系统划分为现场设备层、设备控制层和管理监控层三级结构,并详细阐述了系统的软、硬件设计。试验结果表明,该系统不仅可提高系统稳定性和运行效率,也实现了整个温湿度控制过程的实时监控和管理。     

PLC在自由端口通讯下的电机转速PID控制

上位PC机与SIMENSE S7-200 PLC间的通讯通过VB通讯控件MSComm在自由口通信方式下实现.通过接收中断、发送中断、字符中断、发送指令(XMT)和接收指令(RCV)来控制通信过程.且PC为主机,PLC为从机.对电机转速PID控制,以S7-200提供的PID控制功能指令,与模拟量输入/输出模块结合实现.     

Windows平台下的工控系统软件开发

采用WinDriver开发设备驱动、中断服务ISP等程序可实现工控系统的精确控制.以数控系统纵向中断信号为例,用WinDriver开发VxD,生成处理该定时中断的核心框架文件MyDriver.c文件.据该框架按所需功能要求重写中断服务程序.然后用nmake指令将该文件编译成VxD:MyDriver.vxd,通过自定义"消息"与Vxd通讯,应用程序调用VxD对硬件进行操作,控制外设实现需要的动作.     

Nitrosation and Nitration of Tetraacetyldibenzylhexaazaisowurtzitane

Tetraacetyldibenzylhitane (TADBIW) was subjected to debenzylation by nitrosating with inorganic materials available commercially to synthesize tetraacetyldinitrosohexaazaisowurtzitane (TADNSIW). TADNSIW was purified, and its structure was determined by FTIR, 1H NMR, MS and element analysis. The debenzylation reaction of TADBIW gave quantitative benzaldehyde as a by-product. This indicates that the reaction produces an imine cation as an intermediate. Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (HNIW) was prepared from unpurified TADNSIW with the yield over 96.0 % and the purity more than 98.0 %. And the mechanism of the reaction from TADNSIW to HNIW is proposed to be oxidation of nitroso and nitration of acetyl on the molecule of TADNSIW, This reaction system involved is simple, and the reaction can complete within a short time and under mild conditions. The product can be easily to separate and the waste disposed readily.     

A Robust Algorithm for Watermarking 2D Vector Maps with Low Shape-Distortions

The technique of watermarking has been introduced into 2D vector maps for many potential applications such as protecting the copyright of important GIS （geographical information system） data and tracing the data source of military maps. In most previous works, although the validity of the map data could be preserved during the embedding procedure, the shape-distortions of the map elements are usually neglected which would tend to degrade the invisibility of the watermarking schemes. A shape-preserving algorithm for watermarking 2D vector maps is presented in this paper. A 1D distance sequence extracted from the original map is adopted as the cover data instead of 2D coordinates. A watermark bit is represented by changing the distributions of the cover data. The embedding procedure induces lower shape-distortions than in former works. Experimental results indicate better invisibility of the proposed scheme, as well as its robustness to certain attacks such as map simplification, interpolation, additive noise and most geometric transforms.     

Open Rule-setting System Applied to Conceptual Design of Engines

Open rule-setting method advanced in this paper concentrates on providing designers of engines with a convenient way to express their design innovations and develop the expected prototypes in the early CAD stage, and constitute effective models for the following analysis process of CAE and CAPP. The problems arisen in the process of conceptual design with the traditional experience-based development method are analyzed. Based on those analyses, open rule-setting method is presented and some associated technical problems are discussed. The functional framework of open rule-setting system was built as software engineering methods. The speciality of the engine product as a kind of complex product and the requirement of the engine product based on its structural particularity to rule-setting system are considered carefully. A demonstration is supplied to illustrate how the open rule-setting method enhances the efficiency and quality of the engine conceptual design.     

Research on Linux Network Device Driver

By analyzing the working principle of Linux network device driver, discussing the Linux network driver structure and its key technologies, the general network driver structure and its design methodologies in Linux system are summarized. Through modifying the network device driver of Linux device driver 3rd version snull, c and improving the COW technology, the Zero-Copy technology in Linux （kernel version 2.6.11 ） is implemented. In the end, the success test tells us that the thorough analysis of network device driver is the foundation of many applications, and it also provides a certain improvement to a lot of real applications, even to military application development.     

Improvement and Experiment of the Reamer in Vibra Cutter Against Wave Edge of Titanium Sheet Alloy Parts

By analyzing the influencing factors of part quality making of sheet alloy of titanium by vibra cutter, the shape of upper reamer is set as cylinder and wedge-shaped form, and the lower reamer as plain and hemicycle form, and its main structural parameters are defined as well. Then it is validated further that such improved vibra cutter reamer can be used to process curve-edged parts of titanium alloy sheet. The experimental result shows that the titanium alloy sheet parts processed by above equipment have no sharpen angles for convex parts and evident crevasse of concave-edged part. In summary, such improvement can eliminate the free-waved edge and improve the manufacture quality of titanium alloy sheet parts greatly.     

Experimental Study on the Small Flyer Initiating Behavior of Fine-grained Explosives

The initiating behavior of fine-grained explosives by small flyer is studied. The diameter of small flyer in this device is 1 ram. The test results indicate that the granularity of explosives has great effect on its flyer initiating sensitivity.The flyer initiating sensitivity of the fine-grained explosives is higher and the critical initiating energy is lower than that of common explosives. For common explosive, the flyer initiating sensitivity increases as the density is reduced. But for the fine-grained explosive, the test results are exactly opposite.     

Stability of the Third Generation Intensifier under Illumination

The stability under illumination of transmission-mode GaAs photocathode sealed in the third generation intensifier is investigated by use of spectral response testing instruments. The variations of spectral response with the illumination times under weak and intense illumination are compared. The variations of photoemission performance parameters are also characterized. The results show that during initial several weak illuminations photocathode behaves no evident decay and a maximum sensitivity is achieved, while under intense illumination the sensitivity of photocathode begin to decrease largely at the first illumination. The calculated performance parameters show that the variation of surface escape probability with illumination times is a direct cause of instability of photocathode. It is also found that under intense illumination peak wavelength is moved towards short-wave and peak response is decreased, which shows that the ability of long-wave response of photocathode is decreased.     

Algorithm for Multi-laser-target Tracking Based on Clustering Fusion

Multi-laser-target tracking is an important subject in the field of signal processing of laser warners. A clustering method is applied to the measurement of laser warner, and the space-time fusion for measurements in the same cluster is accomplished. Real-time tracking of multi-laser-target and real-time picking of multi-laser-signal are introduced using data fusion of the measurements. A prototype device of the algorithm is built up. The results of experiments show that the algorithm is very effective.     

Robust Graded Sliding Mode Tracking Control for Low Speed Spinning Ballistic Missiles

The nonlinear dynamic model of spinning ballistic missiles is established during the first boosting phase of the missile. Based on the conventional backstepping sliding mode control and the assumption of a two time-scale separation of missile dynamics, a graded sliding mode controller is designed with two sub-sliding surfaces which have invariability to external disturbances and parameter perturbations, and a matrix which comprises three first order low pass filters is introduced to prevent ＂explosion of terms＂. Owing to the upper bounds of the uncertainties are difficult to obtain in advance, adaptive laws are introduced to estimate the values of the uncertainties in real-time. Eventually, the numerical simulation results given to show the proposed controller can ensure the steady flight of missiles.     

A Study on the Estimation of Aeroheating upon the Warhead Nose at Supersonic Speed

An expression for estimating the aeroheating on a warhead nose at different supersonic speeds is proposed by incorporating CFD （computational fluid dynamics） and the least-square method. Compared with the traditional estimation formula, the expression is more accurate, convenient and can be used in the optimized design of warheads. The error from the result obtained in the test of a ball cartridge flight is less than 3 %. It satisfies the engineering requirements.