自发性高血压大鼠视网膜微血管稀少与细胞凋亡

目的：研究自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）视网膜毛细血管细胞凋亡的发生情况,探讨细胞凋亡与高血压视网膜微血管病变之间的关系,为研究高血压视网膜病变发病机制提供形态学依据。方法：10只雄性自发性高血压大鼠（SHR组）和10只雄性正常血压（WKY）大鼠（WKY组）分别在13周龄和18周龄取眼球做视网膜消化铺片,采用核苷酸末端转移酶介导dUTP缺口翻译法（TUNEL法）检测视网膜微血管细胞凋亡变化情况,HE染色及图像分析,动态观察视网膜微血管形态的改变及测定视网膜毛细血管面积及密度的改变。结果：①TUNEL法标记显示SHR各周龄大鼠视网膜微血管均出现阳性反应细胞,且18周龄大鼠阳性细胞与13周龄大鼠比较明显增多;WKY组大鼠视网膜微血管未见TUNEL阳性细胞。②血管铺片HE染色显示SHR组部分毛细血管闭塞,内皮细胞和周细胞丢失,出现无细胞毛细血管,毛细血管密度较WKY组显著降低。结论：在高血压发展过程中,视网膜毛细血管内皮细胞和周细胞均可发生凋亡,同时伴有微血管稀疏,细胞凋亡可能在高血压视网膜病变的过程中扮演重要的角色。     

肾上腺髓质素对自发性高血压大鼠心脏重构的影响

目的对比研究肾上腺髓质素(ADM)对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)心脏重构和血压的影响。方法 4周龄32只雄性SHR随机分为SHR组和SHR-T组,同周龄16只雄性WKY大鼠作为正常对照,每组4、8、16、24周龄各4只。SHR-T组皮下注射ADM(每周5d,1.0nmol.(kg.d)-1),SHR组皮下注射等量生理盐水,WKY组不作处理。每周测量1次尾动脉收缩压(SBP)。4、8、16、24周龄时间点提取心脏,切片HE染色,显微测微尺观测心脏结构变化。结果 8周龄开始,SHR组和SHR-T组大鼠血压显著高于WKY组(P<0.01),ADM治疗至24周龄时,SHR-T组血压明显低于SHR组(P<0.05)。组织学显示24周龄SHR-T组大鼠高血压所致的心肌细胞肥大和排列紧密现象较SHR组有一定程度的改善。8周龄始,SHR逐渐出现左心室肥厚。ADM治疗至24周龄时,SHR-T组动脉血压、心脏/体重比值、相对左心室壁厚度低于SHR组(P<0.05)。结论 ADM有效降低了SHR血压并在一定程度上抑制了高血压时心脏重构。     

5-LO在SHR大鼠脑动脉平滑肌细胞中的表达及意义

【摘要】 目的 探讨5脂氧合酶（5-LO）在自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)脑动脉平滑肌细胞中的表达及意义。方法 选取16周龄雄性SHR和WKY大鼠,各15只,WKY大鼠作为正常对照。采用免疫荧光法检测5-LO在脑动脉血管中的表达,透射电镜观察动脉内膜表现,ELISA检测血清及动脉5-LO表达。结果 WKY大鼠动脉内膜光滑,平滑肌细胞排列整齐无增生,SHR大鼠内皮细胞肿胀,平滑肌细胞肥大变形排列紊乱;SHR大鼠脑动脉平滑肌细胞5-LO荧光强度为（110.93±5.92）,明显强于WKY大鼠（P＜0.05）;SHR大鼠血清和脑动脉5-LO水平分别为（2671.04±30.18）ng/l和（1950.04±30.08）ng/l,明显高于WKY大鼠,差异比较有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 5-LO在SHR大鼠脑动脉平滑肌细胞和血液中表达异常增高,可能在高血压脑血管损害过程中起作用。     

自发性高血压大鼠心肌重构与p38MAPK关系的研究

目的探讨高血压对心脏的影响及可能的分子机制。方法测量不同周龄Wistar-kyoto大鼠(WKY)和自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血压值及心脏重量,显微镜测微尺观测不同周龄SHR心脏构型,透射电子显微镜观察心肌细胞的改变,免疫组化和Western-blotting方法观察p38MAPK和磷酸化p38MAPK在高血压心脏重构中表达情况。结果 8周龄开始,SHR组血压逐渐升高,并随着周龄的增加而增加(P<0.05),SHR组动脉收缩压明显高于同周龄WKY组(P<0.05)。16、24周龄SHR大鼠的心脏/体重比值明显高于4周龄SHR,同时明显高于同周龄WKY大鼠(P<0.05)。16、24周SHR组左心室壁厚度明显高于4周龄SHR也明显高于16、24周WKY大鼠(P<0.05)。SHR组,磷酸化p38在左心室肌表达随周龄的增加逐渐增加,在SHR24表达明显高于SHR4周龄组(P<0.05)。磷酸化p38在SHR组左心室表达明显高于同周龄WKY大鼠(P<0.05)。结论长期高血压可导致心脏重构,心脏重构改变随周龄增加逐渐加重,p38MAPK信号通路磷酸化可能参与了高血压心脏重构。     

自发性高血压大鼠的年龄及盐饮食对血压的影响

目的 观察年龄和高盐摄入对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)血压的影响. 方法 以不同年龄的雄性自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)为高血压动物模型,各年龄组随机分为低盐(0.5%NaCL)组和高盐饮食(4% NaCL)组,通过3周的低盐和高盐干预后,应用鼠尾血压计技术观察10周龄、20 周龄、50周龄3 个周龄组SHR 尾动脉收缩压,并比较各年龄组低盐和高盐SHR收缩压的变化. 结果 ①随着SHR的年龄增加,血压也逐渐升高.20周龄SHR组血压明显高于10周龄SHR组(167.1±8.9 mmHg vs.151.0± 25.6mmHg,P＜0.05),而且50周龄较20周龄SHR血压也呈升高的趋势 (179.0±12.9mmHg vs.167.1±8.9mmHg,P＜0.05).②与低盐组相比,高盐组血压均有不同程度的升高.10周龄高盐组与低盐组相比,血压呈升高的趋势(147.6±12.2 mmHg vs174.1±28.0,P＜0.05);在20周龄高盐组与低盐组SHR相比,血压也呈升高的趋势(169.1±11.1vs189.2 ±11.1,P＜0.05);50周龄高盐组与低盐组相比,血压有着显著的升高(173.2±9.6mmHg vs207.9±18.8mmHg,P＜0.05).结论 发现随着年龄的增长,SHR血压呈逐渐升高趋势;高盐饮食可致不同年龄的SHR血压升高,而且血压的盐敏感性随着年龄的增长而增加.     

肾上腺髓质素对自发性高血压大鼠心脏重构的影响及与ERK1/2活化关系研究

目的:对比研究肾上腺髓质素(Adrenomedullin ADM)对自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat SHR)心脏重构的影响及与ERK1/2活化的关系。方法:4周龄雄性SHR随机分为SHR组和SHR-T组,同周龄WKY大鼠作为正常对照。SHR-T组皮下注射ADM(每周5天,1.0nmol/(kg.d)),SHR组皮下注射等体积生理盐水,WKY组不作处理。在第4、8、16和24周龄时间点分别处死动物(每组4只),提取心脏做H.E染色和P-ERK1/2免疫组化染色。结果:SHR组和SHR-T组从8周龄开始血压显著升高,明显高于WKY组(P<0.01),ADM治疗至24周龄时,血压明显低于SHR组;随着大鼠周龄增加,SHR组和SHR-T组大鼠心脏/体重比值逐渐增大。16周龄后,SHR组和SHR-T组的心脏/体重比值大于WKY组(P<0.05),24周龄SHR-T组大鼠的心脏/体重比值小于SHR组(P<0.05);随着大鼠周龄增加,SHR和SHR-T组大鼠相对左心室壁厚度呈增加趋势,24周龄SHR组大鼠相对左心室壁厚度大于同周龄WKY组(P<0.05)。SHR-T组大鼠相对左心室壁厚度在16周龄后增幅放缓,24周龄时小于SHR组(P<0.05);随着大鼠周龄的增加p-ERK1/2在大鼠心肌中的阳性表达逐渐增加,24周龄SHR组大鼠心脏p-ERK1/2的表达率显著高于WKY组(P<0.01),24周龄SHR-T组大鼠心脏p-ERK1/2的表达率显著低于SHR组(P<0.05)。结论:ADM可一定程度减缓自发性高血压大鼠血压的升高和心脏重构,p-ERK1/2的表达量的降低可能参与了ADM发挥其保护作用。     

反复＋Gz暴露对自发性高血压大鼠靶器官损害的组织学观察

摘要：目的观察反复正加速度（＋Gz）暴露后自发性高血压大鼠（spontaneouslyhypeensiverats,SHR）心、脑、肾、主动脉的病理改变。方法14只8周龄SHR及14只8周龄WistarKyoto大鼠（wistarkyotorats,WKYl随机分为4组,SHR＋Gz暴露组,SHR对照组,正常WKY＋Gz暴露组,正常WKY对照组,每组各7只。＋Gz暴露采取模拟空战动作模式连续进行,依次为＋5Gz／10S、＋9Gz／10S、＋5Gz／10S、＋9Gz／10S、＋5Gz／10S和＋9Gz／10S,G增长率为1G／s。休息20rain后,再按上述模式重复暴露1次,连续进行7d暴露。对照组大鼠不进行离心机暴露。所有大鼠在实验结束后立即采集心、脑、肾、主动脉标本,进行HE染色光镜观察,并对左心室心肌质量指数fleftventriclemassindex,LVMI）进行测量。结果SHR大鼠LVMI明显高于正常WKY大鼠俨〈0．01）,＋Gz暴露SHR大鼠LVMI明显高于对照SHR组（P〈0．01）。光镜观察两组WKY大鼠靶器官未见明显组织学损害表现;SHR＋Gz暴露组与SHR对照组大鼠存在心肌、。肾脏、大脑皮质损害表现,SHR＋Gz暴露组损害程度重于SHR对照组。结论＋Gz暴露可以加重SHR靶器官的组织学损害程度。     

PPA Rα与自发性高血压大鼠主动脉重构的关系研究

目的：阐明自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）主动脉血管重构（VR）与PPARα的关系,为进一步明确高血压动脉VR的分子机制奠定理论基础。方法：10只雄性SHR大鼠为实验组,10只同周龄雄性Wistar大鼠（WKY）为对照组,于16周龄和24周龄进行主动脉组织学观察和弹性纤维染色,观察VR的形态学表现,测定 PPARα蛋白在各组动物中的表达水平。结果：（1）16周龄SHR大鼠主动脉中膜血管平滑肌细胞（VSMC）总数无明显增加,24周龄SHR大鼠VSMC总数多于同周龄WKY组。（2）16周龄SHR主动脉管壁中层弹性膜排列紊乱,24周龄SHR弹性膜松散、断裂、厚薄不均。（3）PPARα蛋白在SHR组表达高于相同周龄WKY组,在16周龄SHR大鼠PPARα蛋白表达明显高于16周龄WKY大鼠。结论：PPARα蛋白的高表达在SHR主动脉VR中发挥重要作用。     

p-MEK1/2与原发性高血压大鼠左心室肥厚关系的研究

目的动态观察p-MEK1/2在原发性高血压大鼠(SHR)左心室表达,进一步探讨MEK1/2-ERK1/2通路在高血压左心室重构中的作用。方法对比观察各周龄SHR大鼠与WKY大鼠血压,心脏/体重比值变化;免疫组织化学方法检测左心室p-MEK1/2的表达。结果整个实验过程中,WKY血压保持在正常水平,SHR16、SHR24组动脉收缩压均明显高于同周龄WKY组(P<0.05);与同周龄WKY相比SHR24组的心脏/体重比值增加明显(P<0.05);SHR24左心室相对壁厚度明显高于SHR8和WKY24大鼠(P<0.05);WKY和SHR大鼠左心室p-MEK1/2蛋白表达量均随着周龄的增加而增加,但SHR16、SHR24明显高于同周龄WKY(P<0.05)。结论 MEK1/2-ERK1/2通路可能有促进高血压左心室心肌肥厚发展的作用。     

自发性高血压大鼠心血管重塑及其机制探讨

目的 :探讨自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR)左心室与肠系膜动脉重塑的发生与机制。方法 :选用 13周龄的SHR 10只、Wistar Kyoto大鼠 (WKY大鼠 ) 10只分为两组 :SHR组、WKY组。实验期 13周。观察指标 :血压、LVW BW、左室厚度 体重、中膜厚度 管腔半径、中膜面积 管腔面积、管腔半径 血管半径、心肌及肠系膜动脉的形态学 (光镜、电镜 )、血浆、心肌、肠系膜动脉血管紧张素Ⅱ (AngⅡ )浓度及血浆、心肌心钠素 (ANF)浓度。结果 :SHR组大鼠左室重量 体重 (LVW BW)、左室厚度 体重、中膜厚度 管腔半径、中膜面积 管腔面积、血浆及心肌ANF均比WKY组大鼠高 ,SHR组管腔半径 血管半径、心肌及肠系膜动脉AngⅡ浓度比WKY组低 (P均 <0 .0 5 ) ;心肌HE染色WKY组心肌纤维排列整齐、致密 ,心肌纤维无断裂 ,SHR组心肌纤维排列稀疏 ,中间可见断裂 ;心肌及肠系膜动脉电镜观察SHR组超微结构有明显损伤性改变 ,胶原纤维明显增生。结论 :2 6周龄SHR左心室与肠系膜动脉有明显的重塑现象 ;SHR血浆、心肌、肠系膜动脉的AngⅡ无明显增高 ,AngⅡ水平升高不是SHR高血压及其心血管重塑的原因 ;肠系膜动脉重塑的主要原因可能系血管壁的细胞外基质 (ECM)堆积 ,而不是平滑肌细胞增殖。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.