义乌乡村旅游之我见

乡村旅游是新兴的旅游休闲形式,是依托农业与农村资源发展起来的一种回归自然从而获得放松身心、愉悦精神的休闲旅游方式。该文通过对义乌乡村旅游现状的分析,探讨乡村旅游发展的对策。     

论乡村旅游开发中的景观危机

乡村旅游应是和谐发展的结果,也是可持续科学发展的结果。随着我国乡村旅游的快速发展,受诸多因素的影响,其依赖的乡村景观也正面临着危机。通过对乡村旅游资源和乡村景观的内涵分析,指出乡村景观并不是简单意义上的乡村旅游资源,两者之间存在着一定的区别和密切的联系。同时,重点论述乡村旅游开发中出现的景观危机表现,剖析乡村景观出现危机的总根源在于乡村旅游开发目的的本末倒置。并对合理协调乡村旅游开发与景观建设的关系,提出相应管理对策,以期对我国乡村旅游地的景观建设提供一定的指导和帮助。     

Analysis of the Dominant Types of Rural Tourism in Beijing Suburbs

Taking 140 administrative villages for tourism expert diagnostic training as the object, using the minimum variance method and spatial analysis method, this paper studied leading types of rural tourism industry in Beijing based on a comprehensive analysis of the tourism business types in the villages. The results showed that rural tourism businesses are mostly the combination of many types, dominated by picking gardens and leisure farms, and the second dominant type is the combination of leisure farm and natural village household, with the clear regional distribution. The combined-business structure and its distribution is influenced by geographical location, natural conditions and industrial investment and many other factors. Water element is an important symbol of rural tourism in the suburbs of Beijing. The newly-emerging operation modes should be concluded in the scope of new format.     

现代城郊乡村旅游交通保障策略研究

从城郊乡村旅游兴起的原因、城郊乡村旅游开发的优势和劣势,以及乡村旅游交通存在的问题等方面作了简略的综述,探讨了城郊乡村旅游交通的规划难点、信息化保障策略、相关政策研究等问题,并结合上海市乡村旅游交通的实际情况,提出应在城郊大力推进生态休闲度假型乡村旅游,构筑城乡互动的都市旅游新格局,深化都市郊野型旅游的内涵。     

基于众包数据的杭州余杭西部片区乡村 风景道选线研究

乡村风景道是在风景道的基础上,将乡村旅游发展要素与风景道相结合,而大多现有的乡村风景道规划缺少对游客兴趣偏好与旅游资源整合方面的认知,导致乡村旅游资源无法得到充分利用。以杭州余杭西部片区为例,基于众包数据与GIS空间分析技术,从公众参与角度出发,通过大数据选出代表游客兴趣分布的17处重要风景节点,再从乡村旅游资源整合角度出发,构建风景道选线适宜性评价体系,将风景节点、选线适宜区及交通路网叠加分析,筛选得出1条主线、3条副线和多条支线的风景道路网结构。研究结果表明,运用众包数据进行分析有助于完善风景道选线科学性、合理性的工作机制,为乡村风景道的选线和规划提供理论指导与数据支持。     

Tourism Routes as Vehicles for Local Economic Development in South Africa: The Example of the Magaliesberg Meander

Tourism routes have emerged as a significant element for promotion of tourism, especially in small towns and rural areas. In South Africa, considerable policy attention is currently focused upon the development of new tourism routes. This article examines the local development impacts of the Magaliesberg Maender, a route tourism initiative that traverses across two South African provinces. It is argued that whilst this tourism route has extended the tourism growth potential of the locality, its wider impacts upon surrounding communities have been limited because of the weakness of local government to address issues concerning tourism planning.     

Sustaining Rural Landscapes: the role of integrated tourism

The aim of a European Union-funded research project entitled 'Supporting and Promoting Integrated Tourism in Europe's Lagging Rural Regions' (SPRITE) is to analyse and develop the potential for better-integrated tourism in the rural landscapes of Europe. Integrated tourism can be defined as that which is explicitly linked to the localities in which it takes place and, in practical terms, has clear connections with local resources, activities, products, production and service industries, and a participatory local community. Enhancing the sustainable economic potential of rural landscapes requires partnerships among rural people and the sustainable yet productive use of rural resources. A 'culture economy' approach to integrated tourism is proposed, which emphasizes the importance of local identity, the strategic commodification of resources and of place, and the importance of extra-local forces in enabling local activities. It is suggested that this approach may represent a shift beyond more traditional approaches to rural development.     

Sustaining Rural Landscapes: The role of integrated tourism

The aim of a European Union-funded research project entitled 'Supporting and Promoting Integrated Tourism in Europe's Lagging Rural Regions' (SPRITE) is to analyse and develop the potential for better-integrated tourism in the rural landscapes of Europe. Integrated tourism can be defined as that which is explicitly linked to the localities in which it takes place and, in practical terms, has clear connections with local resources, activities, products, production and service industries, and a participatory local community. Enhancing the sustainable economic potential of rural landscapes requires partnerships among rural people and the sustainable yet productive use of rural resources. A 'culture economy' approach to integrated tourism is proposed, which emphasizes the importance of local identity, the strategic commodification of resources and of place, and the importance of extra-local forces in enabling local activities. It is suggested that this approach may represent a shift beyond more traditional approaches to rural development.     

论城乡规划中公众利益的实现

在我国城市化进程不断推进的大趋势下,城乡建设惠及的地域越来越广,成为新的经济消费增长点。本文就城乡规划中加强公众参与度、提高公众话语权、确保公众利益的实现进行了研究分析。     

旅游扶贫背景下的中国南部乡村居民幸福度主观评价研究

在旅游扶贫的背景下,乡村居民的生活发生了很大的改变,但是村民的幸福度研究一直处于空白。越来越多的游客来乡村旅游的同时,虽然增加了村民的收入,但也打扰了村民的生活。巨大的贫富差距、生活习惯的冲突、原始乡村环境的破坏,对乡村居民的“幸福度”有着怎样的影响呢？村民的幸福度是由哪些因素决定的呢？为研究旅游扶贫背景下乡村居民幸福度的主观评价,找到影响幸福感的主要因素,选取了旅游扶贫效果相对显著的中国南部广东省的乡村作为研究案例地。通过“大学生广东乡村调研”实地访查收到503份有效文件,建立了村民幸福度的自动线性模型,得到了影响居民幸福感主要因素是邻里关系、住房情况、睡眠质量等有价值的结论,并进一步通过交叉表分析、相关分析对不同的群体的幸福度评价作出了解释说明。     

乡村旅游导向下的陕北窑洞民居的发展

本文通过分析陕北窑洞民居的发展现状,总结出传统窑洞在当前发展中所存在的问题。并结合当前乡村旅游的发展趋势,提出了在乡村旅游导向下的陕北窑洞民居的发展策略。     

Functions,Problems and Countermeasures of China's Rural Ecosystems

At present, the whole country is fully implementing rural revitalization strategy and actively promoting rural ecosystems development in China.From the perspective of ecology and agroecology, the main functions of rural ecosystem in China, the current outstanding problems, and the corresponding countermeasures and measures are discussed in the paper, in order to provide references for promoting the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization and the sustainable development of rural ecosystem.China's rural ecosystem has multi-functions such as carrying population, improving environment, providing products, increasing income, expanding employment and tourism, inheriting culture, popularizing science and technology, educating people, training talents, and providing places for the aged urban residents.Currently, there are still many problems and challenges in rural ecosystem in China, such as ecological destruction, waste of resources, environmental pollution, natural disasters, economic poverty, backward science and education, laggard culture and medical care, lack of public services, bad social morality, loss of vil agers and disappearance of villages.In order to promote implementation of rural revitalization strategy and to promote sustainable development of rural ecosystems in China, the following measures should be taken based on the principles of integrating "tri-benefits"(economic, ecological and social benefits), gradual progress, comprehensive governance, adaptation to local conditions and long-term efforts and success.Eventual y, the following measures are suggested:(1) enhancing awareness;(2) planning well;(3) improving environment;(4) optimizing ecological structure;(5) improving ecological functions;(6) improving ecological conditions;(7) strengthening public services;(8) improving laws and regulations;(9) improving great investment;(10) accelerating personnel training.     

基于CiteSpace的国内乡村植物景观研究

乡村旅游业正以前所未有的速度飞速发展,乡村植物景观作为一种展示乡村风貌的景观开始逐渐进入研究者视野.文章以中国知网(CNKI)2000-2020年收录的期刊和学位论文为分析对象,借助于CiteSpace软件,量化解析出"植物景观设计""植物群落""植物配置""农村生活污水"等研究热点,归纳出乡村植物景观设计方法、乡村植...     

经验视角下乡村日常景观的价值感知研究——以盐城八灶村为例

乡村环境中存在一类日常而平凡的景观,和专家视角下具有突出价值的景观一样,它们同样是文化和社会关系的表征空间。在新型城镇化中,这类景观对形成以人为本的、完整适宜的生产生活环境单元具有重要意义,值得我们解读。以江苏盐城普通村落八灶村为典型案例,分析八灶村村民对日常景观的价值感知及其时空分布情况,识别出具有普遍意义的场所类型,包括惯常行为空间、主题活动空间、个人所属领地,其意义产生于不同物质空间基础上村民多样的日常活动中。发现意义场所的分布存在一定边界,其热区由住宅区向周边扩散,密度级别逐渐降低。意义场所的感知具有时间特征,主要集聚在明代、人民公社时期和2000年前后,是村落集体记忆的体现。最终提出在城镇化过程中,应重视日常景观中意义场所的识别,并在村落的更新和重建中予以响应和重塑,藉此延续村落的内在活力和乡村特性。     

英格兰乡村规划与保护

回顾英格兰乡村发展历程,在讨论“城”“乡”差别的基础上,明确了政府对乡村的定义。依据英格兰乡村产业模式、人口组成、环境土地等统计数据,讨论乡村在英格兰国家发展战略中的地位。在讨论英格兰乡村规划体系的基础上,理顺乡村景观和环境保护区以及相应法律文件和保护目的。讨论乡村保护主管部门变迁脉络以及各类乡村保护民间或专业组织。最后小结讨论英格兰乡村发展面临的挑战以及政府将如何应对。     

内生发展视角下的乡村旅游地社会网络结构分析——以苏州市W村为例

乡村旅游地向内生发展模式过渡,行动者间的主体地位更迭。本文以社会网络分析法为研究方法,以苏州市W村为案例,分析乡村旅游地的社会关系网络结构。结果表明:景区经营单位和地方各级政府单位,分别从经营管理和政策引导这两个角度,主导着W村旅游发展;景区经营单位的中介中心度最大,初显内生式发展的特征;村民群体所体现的内生力呈明显趋利性,内生式转型尚不完全;区位优势与乡村旅游地的内生式发展进程间尚未呈正相关性。     

城乡旅游综合配套服务发展模式探讨——以衡山县为例

在城乡统筹发展的大背景下,我国的城乡旅游业发展十分迅速,但存在一些弊端,多数旅游综合配套服务设施的建设还处于初级阶段。本文从旅游业及综合配套服务开发定义的界定入手,分析目前旅游综合配套服务发展模式中存在的问题,并以衡山旅游综合配套服务开发建设为例,结合实地调研考察的结果,探讨旅游综合配套服务发展模式及其重要意义。     

乡村振兴背景下成都市乡村景观营建模式与空间结构研究

乡村振兴战略下,乡村生态文明体系的构建需要以更具地域特色、更高建设水平的乡村景观为基础.选取成都市82个乡村振兴省级示范村,系统分析了成都市乡村景观的营建手法与空间结构特征.首次提出农旅综合休闲模式、花卉园林观光模式、生态风景度假模式、人文民俗保护模式与特色产业体验模式5种乡村景观营建模式,总结出组团式、平行式、围合式...     

The Transformation of Means of Livelihood of Peasant Households Against the Background of Rural Tourism Development: A Case Study of Jiaju Tibetan Village in Danba County,Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Sichuan Province

Tourism impact research from a sustainable livelihood perspective is of great significance for improving peasant households' livelihood, reducing the livelihood vulnerability of peasant households and promoting the sustainable development of rural tourist destinations. Jiaju Tibetan Village is a typical rural tourist destination relying on natural and humanistic tourism resources. Based on field investigation, this paper systematically analyzes the impact of tourism development on local peasant households' livelihood. The research shows that:(1) after tourism development, the means of livelihood of peasant households there are more diversified, the structure of livelihoods changes, the number of peasant households engaged in tourism-related livelihood activities has increased significantly, and the number of peasant households engaged in traditional livelihood activities has been greatly reduced;(2) driven by the external development of rural tourism, peasant households choose reasonable means of livelihood based on their own attributes, and there are four types of peasant households with different combinations of livelihood activities and household characteristics, namely, labor-oriented peasant households, tourism-labor peasant households, tourism-specialized peasant households, and mixed peasant households. Under the influence of rural tourism development, peasant households' livelihood has increased, and peasant's livelihood vulnerability has decreased, especially the sustainability of the livelihood of rural tourism operators has increased.     

新型城镇化背景下基于乡村集体记忆的 景观小品设计与表达研究

“记住乡愁”是“以人为本”新型城镇化的重要特 征。集体记忆作为乡愁的内核，其重要内容为“村民共同经 历下有重大影响力的人、事、物”，唤起集体记忆是“记住乡 愁”的重要途径。随着乡村的快速发展，凭借场所保护留住 “乡愁”日益艰难。将景观小品视作触发集体记忆、“记住 乡愁”的媒介，以杭州市“桐庐-富阳”传统村落带的东梓关 村、环溪村、荻浦村为案例，通过记忆提取、记忆再现、记忆 唤起，探明景观小品的记忆题材及其信息源头和呈现方式，以 及村民对景观小品记忆题材的感知，从而判断景观小品对“乡 愁”的触发效果。研究发现，乡村景观小品往往强调“独特 性”而忽视了集体记忆题材；更多分布于老聚落，忽视了更需 要记住乡愁的新居民点；形式以标识牌居多，设计缺少对村民 日常生活的考虑。提出结合乡村事物的“弱设计”、注重非记 忆场所、重点布局停留空间的景观小品设计方法，并有侧重地 应用于受到不同程度城镇化影响的乡村中，以发挥景观小品 “记住乡愁”的作用。