新冠疫情期间医务人员心理健康状况调查△

目的：调查分析新冠疫情期间医务人员心理健康状况及影响因素。方法：通过“问卷星”软件线上发放调查问卷,调查内容包括一般资料,广泛性焦虑量表（GAD-7）、患者健康问卷抑郁量表（PHQ-9）和斯坦福急性应激反应问卷（SASRQ）。结果：最终回收问卷2263份,412名医务人员（18.20%）存在焦虑情绪,457名（20.19%）存在抑郁情绪,371名（16.39%）存在急性应激障碍（acute stress disorders,ASD）。一线医务人员的焦虑、抑郁、SASRQ总分以及分离症状,再体验症状,回避症状,激惹症状及功能损害症状得分均明显高于正常上班及管控在家人员（P＜0.001）。ASD医务人员中,258名（69.54%）存在焦虑情绪,276名（74.39%）存在中度抑郁,203名（54.72%）存在重度抑郁症状。回归分析发现男性、焦虑、抑郁均是医务人员发生ASD的影响及预测因素。结论：新冠疫情期间,医务人员出现抑郁、焦虑和应激障碍的比例较高,关心关爱医务人员尤为重要。     

新冠疫情期间急诊科护理人员亚健康现状及影响因素

目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情期间急诊护理人员亚健康现况及影响因素,为开展针对性干预和疏导提供科学依据。方法 2020年3—4月,采用亚健康评定量表(SHMS V1.0),对徐州市市三级甲等综合医院急诊护理人员进行调查,并对影响因素进行分析。结果 有效调查急诊科护理人员264人,亚健康检出率为76.9%,亚健康总分为(73.4±10.4)分,各维度中得分最高为身体运功功能(76.0±16.5),最低为精力(71.9±17.8)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥40岁(OR=2.84)、接触发热病人(OR=2.34)、睡眠时长<6 h(OR=1.67)、入睡时间超过23:00(OR=2.66)、不经常吃早餐(OR=3.76)、对工作环境不满意(OR=2.38)、不经常体育锻炼(OR=2.39)是急诊护理人员亚健康的危险因素(P值均<0.05)。结论 新冠疫情期间急诊护理人员亚健康状况不容乐观,应针对影响因素开展多方面健康教育干预。     

新冠疫情期间上海市基层医务人员职业倦怠现况调查

目的：调查新冠疫情期间基层医务人员职业倦怠情况,为医院管理决策的改进和减轻医务人员职业倦怠提供参考。方法：2021年1—12月,采用问卷调查的方法,对上海市4家社区卫生服务中心医务人员进行现况调查。结果：162名调查对象中,有103人（63.6%）存在职业倦怠,有132人（81.5%）经常参与或每天参与疫情防控一线工作。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,学历、喜欢社区医生这个职业、防疫工作中常遇到无理取闹情况、家人对工作非常理解和支持、工作时很少得到支持和帮助等因素是基层医务人员职业倦怠的影响因素。结论：新冠疫情期间,基层医务人员职业倦怠发生率较高,应采取合理安排工作、协调可利用资源提供支持、加强心理韧性水平并进行早期心理疏导介入干预等措施,改善医务人员职业倦怠状况。     

新冠肺炎疫情期间高校大学生的情绪反应调查

目的:了解高校大学生在新冠肺炎疫情期间的情绪变化和新冠肺炎知识与抑郁、神经衰弱、恐惧、强迫-焦虑和疑病之间的关系.方法:以高校大学生为对象,采用《行为医学量表手册》里的突发性公共卫生事件心理问卷和自制新冠肺炎相关知识进行调查.结果:不同性别与不同生源高校大学生在抑郁、神经衰弱、恐惧、强迫-焦虑因子反应异常程度差别有统计...     

新冠肺炎疫情期间湖北省小学生焦虑现状及其影响因素

目的了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)疫情期间湖北省小学生焦虑现状及其影响因素,为小学生的心理健康建设提供科学依据。方法于2020年2月28日—3月5日采用随机整群抽样方法在湖北省武汉市和黄石市抽取2所小学共1 264名小学生及其家长进行问卷调查,分析小学生焦虑现状及其影响因素。结果湖北省1 264名小学生中,出现焦虑症状者234人,焦虑症状发生率为18.5%;多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,女生、家长焦虑和家长对子女学习不太满意为湖北省小学生焦虑的危险因素,亲子关系亲密、学生防护行为正确和学生不是非常担心自己患病为湖北省小学生焦虑的保护因素。结论新冠肺炎疫情期间湖北省小学生易焦虑,性别、家长焦虑状况、家长对子女学习满意度、亲子关系、学生防护行为是否正确和学生担心自己患病情况是当地小学生焦虑的主要影响因素。     

新冠疫情下苏州市儿科医疗服务利用情况调查及对策研究△

对2019年-2021年苏州市各区域儿科医疗服务数据进行了调研分析,提出了相应对策,包括完善区域儿科医疗服务体系建设、加大儿科医疗资源供给、发挥儿童区域医疗中心作用和推动优质医疗资源共享。     

新冠肺炎疫情期间公众媒介信任度影响因素分析

目的 探讨在新冠肺炎疫情期间公众媒介信任度的影响因素,为政府的风险沟通及对公众的信息行为引导提供参考依据.方法 于2020年8月3-13日采用自行设计调查问卷以问卷星网络平台和微信转发的方式对全国31个省、市、自治区的19 132名年龄≥18周岁的成年人进行了媒介信任相关调查.结果 公众对钟南山和张文宏等专家学者的意见...     

全科医师新冠病毒感染疫情常态化防控能力现状调查

目的 掌握全科医师在新冠病毒感染疫情常态化防控能力现状,针对存在问题或潜在风险提出可行性对策。方法 2021年6月,采用自制问卷在浙江大学医学院附属第一医院全科联盟对全科医师新冠病毒感染疫情防控能力进行网络问卷调查,采用Robust回归分析模型分析影响因素。结果 回收有效问卷246份,采用李克特五级量表,全科医师新冠病毒感染疫情防控能力整体得分(3.78±0.82),各方面能力得分依次为：健康宣教能力(3.89±0.82)、传染病防控技能操作能力(3.84±0.78)、新冠疫苗接种后不良事件应急处置能力(3.83±0.83)、预检分诊能力(3.73±0.90)、突发公共卫生事件应急处置能力(3.73±0.84)、传染病防控理论知识储备(3.66±0.75);防控工作熟悉程度得分(3.73±0.90),防控工作压力程度得分(3.60±0.85)。Robust回归分析模型分析结果显示,工作年限是防控能力的主要影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论 新冠病毒感染疫情防控工作给全科医师带来较大压力,他们较为熟悉疫情防控工作且具备较强防控能力。需通过强化管理、模拟培训、创新健康宣教模式等方式持...     

新冠疫情常态化背景下公立医院医务工作者心理弹性的现状研究△

目的：探讨新冠疫情常态化背景下公立医院医务工作者心理弹性的现状及影响因素,提出相应的调控措施。方法：采用抽样调查的方法,使用一般情况调查表、心理弹性量表对178名公立医院医务工作者进行调查研究。结果：公立医院医务工作者的心理弹性得分为（70.74±5.65）,单因素分析显示：年龄,职称,学历,压力,性别,婚姻,人员类别因素与心理弹性三个维度得分及总分均具有相关性。结论：新冠疫情常态化背景下,公立医院医务工作者心理弹性水平一般,医院及上级主管部门应积极采取相应措施,提高其心理弹性水平。     

新冠疫情期间护理专业在校生心理健康及睡眠质量调查

目的 了解新冠疫情期间护理专业在校生的心理健康及睡眠质量,为针对性地开展心理健康干预和改善睡眠提供依据。方法 于2020年7—9月期间对522名护理专业学生进行线上问卷调查,包括一般情况、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、抑郁自评量表和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表。采用t检验、方差分析、Pearson相关分析及多元线性回归分析进行数据统计分析。结果 新冠疫情期间护理专业在校生焦虑评分为(20.87±8.66)分,抑郁自评分为(44.65±7.97)分,睡眠指数得分为(5.24±3.29)分,抑郁自评及睡眠质量得分均高于全国常模,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001)。单因素分析结果显示,不同年龄、学制、籍贯学生的焦虑、睡眠质量水平存在差异,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关性分析结果显示,焦虑得分与睡眠质量分数呈正相关(r=0.506,P<0.01);抑郁得分与睡眠质量分数呈正相关(r=0.207,P<0.01)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,焦虑得分在不同年龄、学制和籍贯分组,睡眠质量得分在不同焦虑及抑郁水平分组中的差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 新冠肺炎疫情期间...     

新冠肺炎流行期间一线护理人员风险感知影响因素分析

目的 了解新冠肺炎流行期间一线护理人员风险感知水平及影响因素,为医院构建护理风险预警机制提供依据.方法 于2020年2-3月,采用一般资料调查表、护理人员风险感知问卷、领悟社会支持量表和职业倦怠问卷对466名一线护理人员进行问卷调查,运用回归分析、中介效应等方法探讨护理人员风险感知水平的影响因素.结果 一线护理人员风险...     

Reducing Social Isolation of Seniors during COVID-19 through Medical Student Telephone Contact

Social isolation has been associated with many adverse health outcomes in older adults. We describe a phone call outreach program in which health care professional student volunteers phoned older adults, living in long-term care facilities and the community, at risk of social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conversation topics were related to coping, including fears or insecurities, isolation, and sources of support; health; and personal topics such as family and friends, hobbies, and life experiences. Student volunteers felt the calls were impactful both for the students and for the seniors, and call recipients expressed appreciation for receiving the calls and for the physicians who referred them for a call. This phone outreach strategy is easily generalizable and can be adopted by medical schools to leverage students to connect to socially isolated seniors in numerous settings.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间荆州地区居民心理健康状况及影响因素分析

目的 了解新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情期间荆州地区居民的心理健康状况,探讨相关影响因素.方法 于2020年2月10—15日应用微信小程序"问卷星"对荆州地区16～65岁的常住居民收集社会人口学资料,采用12项一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)调查居民心理健康状况,采用二分类多因素Logistic回归模型分析心理健...     

上海市某区医务人员新冠疫苗接种情况及影响因素分析

目的 了解医务人员新冠疫苗的接种情况、影响因素及主观态度,为新冠疫苗的广泛接种提供理论依据.方法 选取上海市黄浦区全部的一级和二级医院共20所,采用随机抽样的方法抽取614名医务人员,利用自编问卷对其进行线上问卷调查.结果 共回收有效问卷609份,有效率99.2％.其中已接种新冠疫苗的有470人,未接种新冠疫苗的有13...     

新冠疫情期间检疫隔离人群焦虑和抑郁状况调查研究

目的了解新冠病毒疫情期间检疫隔离群体心理状况,为心理干预提供参考。方法调查纳入2020年4月7日-5月26日期间由境外或重点疫区进入深圳的定点酒店检疫隔离人员,隔离人员需在隔离开始24 h内完成心理筛查。共收集调查问卷2219份,最后得到1705人填写的合格问卷,有效回收率为76.8%。采用健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)对检疫隔离人群进行心理问题筛查,统计方法包括t检验、方差分析及Pearson相关性分析、Logistic回归等。结果检疫隔离者抑郁、焦虑的检出率分别是15.8%、14.8%,多元Logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=1.526)和对隔离部分理解及不理解(OR=3.273;OR=3.148)是检疫隔离者焦虑的危险因素;经济条件一般及较好(OR=0.422;OR=0.305)是检疫隔离者焦虑的保护因素;女性(OR=1.323)和对隔离部分理解及不理解(OR=3.387;OR=3.153)是检疫隔离者出现抑郁的危险因素;经济条件一般及较好(OR=0.627;OR=0.373)是检疫隔离者抑郁的保护因素。结论新型冠状肺炎疫情期间,检疫隔离者出现不同程度的焦虑、抑郁表现,需重点加强对女性、经济条件差、对隔离态度较差人群的心理疏导与社会支持。     

Social and Policy Determinants of COVID-19 Infection Across 23 Countries: An Ecological Study

ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the social and policy determinants of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection across 23 countries.MethodsCOVID-19 indicators (incidence, mortality, and fatality) for each country were calculated by direct and indirect standardization. Multivariable regression analyses were used to identify the social and policy determinants of COVID-19 infection.ResultsA higher number of doctors per population was related to lower incidence, mortality, and fatality rates of COVID-19 in 23 countries (β=−0.672, −0.445, and −0.564, respectively). The number of nurses/midwives per population was associated with lower mortality and fatality rates of COVID-19 in 23 countries (β=−0.215 and −0.372, respectively). Strengthening of policy restriction indicators, such as restrictions of public gatherings, was related to lower COVID-19 incidence (β=−0.423). A national Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccination policy conducted among special groups or in the past was associated with a higher incidence of COVID-19 in 23 countries (β=0.341). The proportion of the elderly population (aged over 70 years) was related to higher mortality and fatality rates (β=0.209 and 0.350, respectively), and income support was associated with mortality and fatality rates (β=−0.362 and −0.449, respectively).ConclusionsThese findings do not imply causality because this was a country-based correlation study. However, COVID-19 transmission can be influenced by social and policy determinants such as integrated health systems and policy responses to COVID-19. Various social and policy determinants should be considered when planning responses to COVID-19.     

新冠疫情下基层医务工作者心理状况的调查与研究

目的:评估在疫情期间,基层医务人员的个人心理状况并对基层医务人员心理状况进行分析。方法:2020年2—4月以上海市浦东新区上钢社区卫生服务中心为调查点,选取30名参与疫情防控工作的医务人员为调查组,并以1∶2的比例选择未参加疫情防控的医务人员为对照组,以焦虑自评量表,斯坦福急性应激反应量表及匹兹堡睡眠量表为调查工具,调查比较医务人员的相关心理状况及心理状况产生的影响。结果:研究组在焦虑评分上高于对照组,且具有统计学意义。在应激反应上,无论是单方面还是总得分,研究组得分都高于对照组,且具有统计学意义;在睡眠质量上,研究组总得分也高于对照组,其中在睡眠障碍和日间功能障碍方面具有统计学意义,而其他方面无统计学意义。结论:通过本次调查,我们发现在疫情情况下,参与疫情防控的基层医务人员更易产生焦虑,且更易产生应激反应,同时其睡眠状况较差。     

Factors Affecting Public Non-compliance With Large-scale Social Restrictions to Control COVID-19 Transmission in Greater Jakarta,Indonesia

Objectives:The Indonesian government issued large-scale social restrictions (called Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar, or PSBB) at the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to control the spread of COVID-19 in Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi (Greater Jakarta). Public compliance poses a challenge when implementing large-scale social restrictions, and various factors have contributed to public non-compliance with the regulation. This study aimed to determine the degree of non-compliance and identify the factors that contributed to public non-compliance with the PSBB in Greater Jakarta, Indonesia.Methods:This was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 839 residents of Greater Jakarta participated in this study. Data were collected online using a Google Form, and convenience sampling was undertaken. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to explore the relationships between public non-compliance with the PSBB regulation and socio-demographic variables, respondents’ opinion of the PSBB, and social capital.Results:A total of 22.6% of subjects reported participating in activities that did not comply with the PSBB. The variables that most affected non-compliance with the PSBB were age, gender, income, opinion of the PSBB, and social capital.Conclusions:Strengthening social capital and providing information about COVID-19 prevention measures, such as washing one’s hands with soap, wearing masks properly, and maintaining social distancing, is essential. Robust public understanding will foster trust and cooperation with regard to COVID-19 prevention efforts and provide a basis for mutual agreement regarding rules/penalties.     

U.S. public support for COVID-19 vaccine donation to low- and middle-income countries during the COVID-19 pandemic

As COVID-19 vaccines become available to the public, there will be a massive worldwide distribution effort. Vaccine distribution has historically been unequal primarily due to the inability of nations with developing economies to purchase enough vaccine to fully vaccinate their populations. Inequitable access to COVID-19 vaccines will not just cause humanitarian suffering, it will likely also be associated with increased economic suffering worldwide. This study focuses on the U.S. population and its beliefs about future COVID-19 vaccine donation by the U.S. to low- and middle-income countries.This study carried out a survey among 788 U.S. adults. Variables include demographics, COVID-19 vaccine priority status, COVID-19 vaccine donation beliefs, and Social Dominance Orientation.Analyses showed that older respondents were both less likely to endorse higher levels of COVID-19 vaccine donations and were more likely to want to wait until all in the U.S. who want the vaccine have received it; those who identified as Democrats were more likely to endorse higher levels of future COVID-19 vaccine donation than Republicans; and those scoring higher on SDO were both less likely to endorse higher levels of COVID-19 vaccine donations as well as more likely to want to wait until all in the U.S. who want the vaccine have received it. Policymakers, as well as healthcare providers and public health communication professionals, should give consideration to those messages most likely to engender support for global prevention efforts with each audience segment.     

新冠肺炎疫情中的开放获取出版:现状与展望

【目的】 探讨2019新型冠状病毒肺炎(以下简称“新冠肺炎”)疫情给开放获取出版带来的变化、机遇与挑战,分析世界应对新冠肺炎疫情的开放获取出版情况,对中国开放获取出版的发展有重要意义。【方法】 通过文献梳理、网站调查和内容分析调查新冠肺炎疫情暴发以来,各国政府、图书馆、基金会、出版商对学术资源的开放获取政策和实际情况,重点关注资助机构、出版商以及政府与国际组织的应对策略。【结果】 开放获取出版的各利益相关者都对新冠肺炎疫情采取相应的行动,疫情客观上推动了全球开放获取出版的发展,但也带来了挑战。【结论】 中国应该抓住新冠肺炎疫情带来的开放获取出版发展机遇,探索出一条既符合中国国情又符合时代发展趋势的中国开放获取出版道路。