Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of the Stress Concentration in Nonthin Cylindrical Shells with Rectangular Openings

The problem on the stress state of cylindrical shells with rectangular openings under axial compression is considered based on the theory of shells of average thickness. For a shell with two diametrical openings, numerical calculations are carried out by the finite-difference method for anisotropic and isotropic materials. The anisotropy of the material and the sizes of the openings are shown to affect the displacements and stresses on the opening periphery. An experiment is implemented for a cylindrical shell with rectangular openings under axial compression. The experimental and numerical data are compared     

Inelastic Deformation of Flexible Spherical Shells with Two Circular Openings

Elastoplastic analysis of thin-walled spherical shells with two identical circular openings is carried out with allowance for finite deflections. The shells are made of an isotropic homogeneous material and subjected to internal pressure of known intensity. The distributions of stresses (strains or displacements) along the contours of the openings and in the zone of their concentration are studied by solving doubly nonlinear boundary-value problems. The solution obtained is compared with the solutions that account for only physical nonlinearity (plastic deformations) and only geometrical nonlinearity (finite deflections) and with a numerical solution of the linearly elastic problem. The stress–strain state near the two openings is analyzed depending on the distance between the openings and the nonlinear factors accounted for     

Stress Concentration in a Transversally Isotropic Piezoceramic Cylinder Near a Hyperboloidal Neck

The coupled electric and elastic fields near a hyperboloidal neck in a piezoceramic cylinder under static loading are studied. Uniform tensile forces and potential difference are applied to its ends. The dependences of the stress components and the projections of the electric-displacement vector near the neck on the load and the neck curvature are plotted     

Flexural Stress Concentration Near a Hyperboloidal Neck in a Transversely Isotropic Piezoceramic Cylinder

The general solution of the electroelastic problem for a transversely isotropic hyperboloid of revolution is used to find the stress concentration near a hyperboloidal neck in a piezoceramic body subjected to bending. The solution is a sum of four partial solutions for the case where the forces and the normal component of the induction vector on the neck surface are equal to zero. Numerical examples are given for specific external loads and properties of the body. The stress components and normal component of the induction vector near the neck vertex are plotted as a function of the external load and neck curvature     

Experimental Investigation of the Stress Concentration in Axially Compressed Thick Cylindrical Shells with Rectangular Holes

The stress concentration in cylindrical shells of various thicknesses is studied experimentally. The shells are made of epoxy resin, have a hole, and are subjected to axial compression. The shell thickness and the opening angle are shown to affect the stresses near the corners of the hole. The experimental and theoretical values of the stress concentration factor are compared for a thin shell     

Stress Concentration Near an Elliptic Crack in the Interface Between Elastic Bodies under Steady-State Vibrations

The paper addresses the three-dimensional problem on steady-state vibrations of an elastic body consisting of two perfectly joined dissimilar half-spaces with an elliptic mode I crack located in one of the half-spaces normally to the interface. The problem is reduced to a boundary integral equation for the crack opening function. The integration domain of the equation is bounded by the crack domain, and the interaction between the crack and the interface is described by a regular kernel. The equation is solved using the mapping method. Numerical results are obtained for the case where the surfaces of the elliptic crack are subjected to harmonic loading with constant amplitude. The dependences of the stress intensity factors on the wave number are presented for various relationships among the mechanical constants that ensure the absence of near-surface waves     

复合材料夹芯壳的振动分析

提出一种改进的一阶剪切变形理论，用于分析复合材料夹芯壳的动力问题，通过有限元分析，得到了夹芯壳振动的动力方程，给出了处理阻尼矩阵的方法，数值分析与实验结果的对比表明计算具有较好的精度，本文的最后给出了减振效果受夹芯剪切模量Ｇ、阻尼损耗因子β和夹芯厚度ｈｃ等因素的影响曲线，可作为优化设计的参考。     

球壳中球形夹杂对SV波的三维散射与动应力集中研究

夹杂将导致结构应力集中,是降低结构承载能力重要影响因素,尤其是动载作用情况下,弹性波衍射和叠加将加剧应力集中程度.弹性波衍射方程建立和求解非常复杂,目前主要研究对象集中在二维模型情况,三维有限域内夹杂引起的动应力集中现象在大型结构中比较常见,有界域边界不仅作为边界条件,同时也是散射波波源,提高了求解难度.一般通过近似方法,将三维模型简化为二维情况,往往导致求解结果过于保守不能解释实际问题.论文针对三维球壳包含夹杂一般情况,分别以球壳和夹杂中心建立球坐标以描述球壳内、外壁和夹杂表面散射波势函数,并引入一种球波函数加法公式实现不同坐标下势函数转换,以求解应力集中状态.最后针对三维情况,给出多个动应力集中因子分布状态以描述动应力集中程度.文中研究为一般情况下含夹杂球壳结构的强度分析提供了理论支撑.     

球形厚壳的应力分析

文中将球形厚壳视为三维弹性体，按三维弹性理论问题求解其应力及位移。     

Stability of Cylindrical Composite Shells under Torsion

The stability of fiber-reinforced cylindrical shells under torsion is analyzed in the case where the principal directions of elasticity in the layers do not coincide with the coordinate directions. The solution to the linearized equations of the technical theory of anisotropic shells is obtained in the form of trigonometric series. It is shown that for some reinforcement configurations the critical loads may depend on the direction of the torsional moment. It is also established that the minimum (in absolute value) eigenvalue does not always correspond to the critical load. This fact should be taken into account not only in the case of torsion but also in more complicated cases of loading __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 10, pp. 100–107, October 2005.     

The Stress State of Stiffened Shallow Orthotropic Shells

An approach is proposed for stress analysis of elastic systems consisting of shallow shells having a rectangular planform and stiffened with rods in one direction. The shell curvature varying in the direction perpendicular to the ribs and piecewise-constant in another direction is taken into account. A system of ordinary differential equations and shell–rib conjugation conditions are derived after separation of variables for two simply supported opposite contours. A one-dimensional boundary-value problem is solved by a stable numerical method. The results of a stress–strain analysis of shipbuilding structural elements are presented as an example     

The Stress-Strain State of a Composite Spherical Shell with Two Polar Openings

The stress–strain state of a deep spherical composite shell is analyzed. In the general case, the shell is weakened by openings located at the poles. The variational difference method is applied to solve the problem. Calculations are carried out for an orthotropic shell of low shear stiffness.     

变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳的轴压屈曲

变角度纤维复合材料的纤维方向角可沿铺层面内连续变化,因此相应结构的性能具有更高的设计灵活性和更大的优化空间．本文假设纤维方向角沿圆柱壳的轴向呈正弦函数变化,对变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳在两端简支边界条件下的轴压屈曲问题进行研究．基于Donnell经典壳体理论,推导变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳的前屈曲控制方程并运用伽辽金法进行求解,然后采用瑞利里兹法求解屈曲问题．通过和现有文献及有限元数值结果的对比,验证了本文模型的收敛性和正确性,通过数值算例分析了纤维起始角和终止角的变化对圆柱壳的屈曲临界荷载的影响．本文的研究结果可为变角度纤维复合材料圆柱壳的分析和设计提供一定的参考．     

碳纳米管增强复合材料圆锥薄壳非线性自由振动

考虑碳纳米管复合材料作为功能梯度材料的不均匀性,基于连续介质理论以及哈密尔顿变分原理,建立了功能梯度碳纳米管增强复合材料开口圆锥薄壳结构的非线性运动偏微分控制方程,然后利用Galerkin法,将非线性偏微分控制方程转化为常微分控制方程,进而采用谐波平衡法求解了开口圆锥壳的非线性自由振动问题,并探讨了圆锥薄壳几何参数、碳纳米管参数对结构非线性自由振动的影响．数值研究表明结构的无量纲非线性自由振动频率与线性自由振动频率的比值随圆锥薄壳长厚比的增大而变小、并随圆锥角的增大而变大．     

Nonlinear Theory of Dynamic Stability for Laminated Composite Cylindrical Shells

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷｈｅｎｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｅｃｙｌｉｎｄｒｉｃａｌｓｈｅｌｌｓａｒｅｕｎｄｅｒｔｈｅａｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｄｙｎａｍｉｃｌｏａｄｉｎｇ ,ｔｈｅｙｍａｙｆａｌｌｉｎｄｙｎａｍｉｃｂｕｃｋｌｉｎｇｏｒｄｙｎａｍｉｃｉｎｓｔａｂｉｌｉｔｙ .Ｉｆｔｈｅｄｙｎａｍｉｃｌｏａｄｉｓｓｕｄｄｅｎｌｙａｐｐｌｉｅｄ ,ｏｒｉｔｉｓｃｈａｎｇｉｎｇｉｎｓｔａｎｔａｎｅｏｕｓｌｙ ,ｓｕｃｈａｓｉｍｐｕｌｓｉｖｅｌｏａｄｉｎｇ ,ｔｈｅｎ ,ｄｙｎａｍｉｃｂｕｃｋｌｉｎｇｗｉｌｌｈａｐｐｅｎｆｏｒｔｈｅｓｈ…     

带槽平板的三维应力集中效应

本文提供了用电阻应变片方法测量一组不同厚度的带有对称圆槽的拉伸平板在应力集中部位的应力分布情况。实验结果表明,应力集中系数不仅与板平面的几何尺寸有关,而且与板的厚度有关。     

多孔有限大弹性薄板弯曲应力集中问题

应用弹性力学的复变函数理论,采用多保角变换的方法,推出了含有任意多孔有限大弹性薄板弯曲的多复变量应力函数的表达式.在内边界上进行复Fourier级数展开,在外边界采用配点法来确定应力函数的未知系数,从而计算有限大弹性薄板的应力场.本文以外边界为矩形,内边界为任意多椭圆孔的有限薄板为例,编制了相应的计算程序,进行了算例分析.结果表明本方法对处理多孔有限大弹性平面问题是简单且行之有效的.