互穿聚合物网络阻尼材料研究进展

介绍了互穿聚合物网络阻尼材料的研究进展，讨论了对其阻尼性能的评价以及组分、组分间的相容性、交联密度、无机填料等影响性能的因素，并展望了互穿聚合物网络的研究前景。     

丁基橡胶的阻尼性能及其应用

丁基橡胶阻尼材料的研究包括：低温性能的改进和高温功能区的拓展。与其他弹性体并用共硫化，可改善其低温性能；与树脂共混，可使阻尼功能区向高温拓展，提高其高温阻尼性能。丁基橡胶共混改性的方法通常有2种：(1)采用动态硫化，将树脂混入丁基橡胶中；(2)加入丁基橡胶与第二组分的接枝或嵌段共聚物作增容剂进行共混。     

PMMA/P(BA-co-AA)界面交联LIPN阻尼材料的研究

用种子乳液聚合法合成了PMMA／P（BA－co-AA)界面交联乳胶互穿聚合物网络材料。动态力学谱结果表明，界面交联能提高乳胶互穿聚合物网络的高温阻尼性能；拉伸实验结果表明，界面交联提高了乳胶互穿聚合物网络的抗拉强度和断裂伸长率。     

橡胶阻尼材料的阻尼性能研究

研究减震降噪橡胶阻尼材料阻尼性能的影响因素.结果表明,CIIR阻尼材料的阻尼性能比IIR,NBR和NR阻尼材料高;以云母粉作填料的阻尼材料阻尼性能比以碳酸钙作填料的好,且随着云母粉粒径的增大,阻尼材料的玻璃化转变温域变宽;加入石油树脂,阻尼材料的阻尼性能略有下降,但可提高组分之间的相容性.     

互穿聚合物网络阻尼性能的评价

从聚合物相容性及形态结构，单体结构和单体配比等几方面对互穿聚合物网络（ＩＰＮ）阻尼性能的影响进行了讨论。在此基础上提出一种简便和定量的评价ＩＰＮ阻尼性能的方法：△ＬＰ＝１０ｌｏｇ（Ｑ／４πｒ＾２＋４／Ｒ１）／（Ｑ／４π／Ｒ２）；并指出ＩＰＮ阻尼材料的有效ｔａｎδ下限为０．３。     

聚氨酯阻尼材料研究进展

从组分，微观组成及填料对聚氨酯（PUR）阻尼材料性能的影响，PUR阻尼材料性能的测试与评价方法，以及PRU阻尼材料的应用等方面介绍了近年来PUR阻尼材料的研究进展，总体上讲，对这一领域的研究已逐步走向形态结构和机理方面，并取得了很大的进展，但是结构，功能一体化的高阻尼材料的研究开发尚有待突破。     

PS／PA LIPN阻尼涂料

通过改变组分比、无机颜填料类型及引入极性单体的比例，系统研究了涂层的力学性能和噪音衰减弱度。结构表明，主链结构中增加旋转阻力大的单体，阻尼值增高。共聚链段中引入极性单体，不仅改善体系的相容性，而且提高涂层的附着力。无机填料提高了阻尼值也使阻尼温度区间加宽，片状结构的云母效果最佳。添加无机填料，有助于噪音衰减，可以制备衰减噪音５－１８ｄＢ／ｍｍ的阻尼涂料。     

IPN压电材料阻尼性能的研究

综合利用铌镁锆钛酸铅（PMN）压电陶瓷、互穿聚合物网络（IPN）两种材料各自的优点，设计制备了以丙烯酸酯IPN体系为基体的0—3型聚合物基压电阻尼复合材料，采用动态力学分析仪研究其阻尼性能，经万能击穿装置极化后，其阻尼性能更加优越。     

互穿网络聚合物及其在涂料工艺中的应用（Ⅴ）

4水基宽温域IPN阻尼涂料众所周知，单一聚合物的阻尼温域只有20～30℃，难以满足实际需要，因此人们广泛采用共混的方法，一般是一种高Tg聚合物和一种低Tg聚合物来拓宽阻尼温域，合成高性能的阻尼材料。但由于大多数的聚合物是热力学不相容的，因而往往造成两玻璃温度之间阻尼效果差。所以，改善相容性使两组分有一定程度的相容是合成高性能宽温域阻尼材料的关键。IPN合成技术能使两组分网络间互相缠结造成强迫互容及协同效应，限制了相分离，提高了两组分的相容性，为获得高性能宽温域的阻尼材料奠定了可靠的基础。国内外进行了比较充…     

受阻酚改性聚酯/聚醚胺型PU/P(MMA-St)IPN阻尼性能的研究

用一步法制备了受阻酚AO-80改性的聚酯/聚醚胺型聚氨酯/聚(甲基丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯)互穿聚合物网络(PU/P(MMA-St)IPN)。通过热失重分析仪、动态力学分析以及扫描电子显微镜对IPN材料的热稳定性、阻尼性能和微观结构形态进行了表征。研究结果表明:AO-80可以提高PU与P(MMA-St)的相容性,从而有效拓宽阻尼温域;当聚氨酯中聚酯/聚醚胺=80/20,w(AO-80)=20phr,PU/P(MMA-St)=70/30时,所得IPN材料的阻尼性能最佳。     

国内外高聚物基复合材料阻尼特性研究动态

综合讨论了国内外高聚物基复合材料阻尼特性的研究现状,重点介绍了聚合物组分、交联度、填料和阻尼材料使用条件对阻尼材料性能的相关性、高聚物基复合材料的阻尼机理及提高高聚物基复合材料阻尼的措施,并展望了高聚物阻尼在胶粘剂领域的应用前景。     

IPN压电阻尼材料的研究进展

主要综述了阻尼材料的发展状况,阐述了黏弹性阻尼,高阻尼合金,阻尼复合以及聚合物基压电智能阻尼材料的阻尼机理。并详细分析介绍了聚合物基IPN压电阻尼材料的设计原理及阻尼效果。     

Enhancement of viscoelastic property of MABS processed by melt compounding and injection molding

This work is focused on developing a new type of polymer blend to improve the viscoelastic property of methyl methacrylate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (MABS). A multi-phase binary polymer blend was prepared by melt mixing in a twin screw extruder with three different weight ratios (10, 20, and 30 wt%) with a dynamically vulcanized alloy consisting mostly of fully cured ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) particles encapsulated in a polypropylene (PP) matrix trade name Santoprene and an engineered styrene based thermoplastic elastomer trade name VDT to enhance the viscoelastic property of the blends. The compatibility and performance of the binary blend were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), laser microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and tensile analysis. The DMA analysis of the samples revealed that the damping performance was significantly increased with the incorporation of the elastomeric phase into the MABS matrix. In addition, the morphological analysis revealed that VDT is more compatible with MABS compared to Santoprene. The NMR and FT-IR analysis further supported the reason for higher compatibility of VDT and MABS blend. The improvement of the damping properties has been observed with the increased wt % of the VDT and Santoprene in the blends.     

PZT-IPN阻尼材料的研究进展

阻尼材料广泛应用于交通工具、产业机械、建筑土木、家用电器、精密仪器和军事装备等领域。科学技术的不断发展,对阻尼材料的要求不断提高。本文主要综述了聚合物基压电智能阻尼材料的阻尼机理。并详细分析介绍了聚合物基IPN压电阻尼材料的设计原理及阻尼效果。     

有机杂化阻尼材料动态力学性能的影响因素探讨

高分子阻尼材料作为一类环保功能材料,将向高性能、宽温域的方向发展。传统的阻尼改性方法(如共混、共聚、无机杂化等)及近年来发展起来的互穿聚合物网络和添加压电陶瓷等研究手段都存在一定的局限性。新近开发的利用有机小分子与极性高聚物形成杂化体的方法所得到的阻尼材料的性能非常突出,是一种很有前途的阻尼改性新方法。本文在对现有的二元、三元杂化体系进行分析对比的基础上,对影响有机杂化阻尼材料动态力学性能的因素进行了探讨,为今后该领域的研究工作提供参考。     

Inner relationship between the damping property and the sand-fixing durability of polymer materials

This article for the first time reveals the impact of the damping property of materials on its sand-fixing durability. Based on the turbulence of wind, it could be regarded as a kind of periodic mechanical force. So, when polymers are used to fix sand, they would constantly perceive a periodic force of wind. And, this force would give rise to yielding fracture and fatigue of polymer, so that the sand-fixing durability of material could be weakened significantly. To impair the periodic force of wind and extend the durability of sand-fixation polymer materials, we, for the first time, introduce the designing principle of macromolecular damping material, that can transform external mechanical force into own thermal energy, into the preparation of sand-fixing materials. In this work, poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) emulsions with different dangling chain have been synthesized successfully in order to improve their damping properties. The effects of the prepared PVAc with gradually growing dangling chain length have been investigated on their damping properties, on the sand stabilization strengths and sand-fixing durability. And the relationship between the damping property and the sand-fixing property of PVAc was built by simulating wind tunnel test. The experimental results show that, introducing the dangling chain could significantly improve the damping temperature range and extend the anti-wind erosion time of PVAc. It has to be noticed that, introducing the dangling chain, will provide a double effects for the sand stabilization strength of materials, i.e., it can improve both the flexibility of the side-chain and the internal friction of the molecular chains. Wind tunnel test verified that introducing the dangling chain can raise the damping performance of material and convert more periodic force of wind into the friction heat of molecular chain, and thus impair the damage of wind on the materials and improve their anti-wind erosion properties. These findings suggest that the damping material applied in sand fixation is a bright idea and successful method for improving the sand-fixing durability. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47208.     

Synthesis and characterization of nanocomposites of silicon dioxide and polyurethane and epoxy resin interpenetrating network

Nanocomposites with varying concentrations of nanosized silicon dioxide particles were prepared by adding nanosilica to interpenetrating polymer networks (IPN)s of polyurethane and epoxy resin (PU/EP). The PU/EP IPNs and nanocomposites were studied by dynamic mechanical analysis, scanning electronic microscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction and small‐angle X‐ray scattering. The result showed that adding nanosize silicon dioxide can improve the properties of compatibility, damping and phase structure of IPN matrices. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Modification of epoxy asphalt by low-doping PE-GMA and PE-MAH

Low-density polyethylene grafted glycidyl methacrylate (PE-GMA) and low-density polyethylene maleic anhydride (PE-MAH) are low-cost commercialized polymeric materials. Because of their low viscosity, molecular flexibility, solubility parameters, and polarity similar to asphalt or epoxy resins, PE-GMA and PE-MAH are added to epoxy asphalt (EA) to improve the compatibility and toughness of EA. The microstructure, viscosity, thermal stability, dynamic mechanical behavior, and mechanical properties of PE-GMA and PE-MAH modified EA were investigated. Smaller and more uniformly distributed asphalt particles were formed in mixes with lower PE-GMA or PE-MAH content. The polymer dispersity index of the modified EA is 1.1–1.4 lower than that of the pure EA, and compatibility is significantly improved. The reason is that PE-GMA and PE-MAH are polyethylene with polar functional groups, and their molecular structure includes both polar functional groups and nonpolar polyethylene chains, improving the compatibility between polar epoxy resin and nonpolar asphalt in EA. In addition, the incorporation of PE-GMA or PE-MAH effectively improves the low-temperature toughness of EA. It also has high damping performance and tan δ, improved the durability and comfort of EA pavement.     

高分子阻尼减振性能的表征

为了更真实地表征高分子材料的阻尼减振性能,定义了阻尼减振参数Z.制备了不同填料含量的聚氨酯阻尼材料,利用传统的动态黏弹仪测试了它们的动态力学性能,同时也用所定义的参数Z表征了材料的阻尼减振性能。将所制备的阻尼材料敷设到钢板上,制备得到了自由阻尼层结构。利用动态信号采集与分析系统对结构的阻尼减振性能进行了测试,并由此得到了材料真实的阻尼减振性能。实验结果表明,参数Z可以更加真实地反映材料的阻尼减振性能。阻尼材料的阻尼减振性能和材料的损耗因子和弹性模量密切相关。     

Curing behaviour of compatible interpenetrating polymer networks based on epoxy and methacrylated epoxy

Compatible interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) based on diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and methacrylated diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (MADGEBA) in weight ratios of 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 and 0/100 were blended and cured simultaneously by using dicumyl peroxide (DICUP) and hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) as curing agents. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to investigate the intermolecular interactions and functional group changes. Viscosity increases during crosslinking were examined with a Brookfield viscometer. Curing exothermic peaks were studied with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The gel fractions of various IPN compositions were measured with a Soxhlet extractor. Samples thus prepared were checked for their compatibility by measuring glass transitions with DSC and damping peaks with rheometric dynamic spectroscopy (RDS). Experimental results revealed that good compatibility between components induced a network interlock, which subsequently resulted in incomplete cure of the IPN materials. ©1997 SCI