论情感渗透和融合在医学专业词汇学习中的重要性

医学英语词汇学习是专业外语学习的一个重要环节和部分.医学专业词汇学习可以使医学生更多地掌握本专业特有名词的医学表达,从而在很大程度上增加了医学生的知识储备.本文着重论述了医学生在医学专业词汇的学习过程中,情感的渗透和融合对于医学专业词汇的学习的重要性.以期在医学双语教学改革中探索更有启发性的教学思路.     

指导基础医学创新性实验计划的实践

创新实验计划是培养大学生创新精神和实践能力的重要教学改革举措.在基础课程学习阶段的医学生中开展创新实验研究,包括学生科研选题、查阅文献、实验研究及论文撰写等环节,激发医学生的科研兴趣,提高学生的综合素质,促进学生对基础理论的学习,同时促进教师的教学和科研工作.但创新性实验计划的顺利开展还需要在制度支持、考核方法和教师素质等方面加以改进.     

临床实践技能培训在诊断学教学中的作用

医学生从基础医学进入临床医学的学习,是他们专业学习过程中的一个重要转折点,《诊断学》作为第一门临床专业学科,对其学习的效果,不仅直接影响到医学生对医学专业学习的兴趣,更会影响到他们毕业后临床工作能力.笔者根据多年的教学经验和不断总结,对诊断学教学采取了一些改革措施.笔者对97、98、99级医学系本科生临床技能考核成绩进行了分析,旨在评价加强诊断学临床实践技能培训所取得的效果.     

医学生学习倦怠与专业承诺社会支持的关系研究

目的 了解医学生学习倦怠现状与专业承诺、社会支持的关系.方法 采用大学生学习倦怠量表、大学生专业承诺量表和领悟社会支持量表对610名医学本科生进行调查研究.结果 ①在总体上,医学生的学习倦怠指数为(2.84±0.49)分;在性别上,男生的情绪低落、行为不当[分别为(2.83±0.65)分,(3.08±0.61)分]高于女生[分别为(2.70±0.63)分,(2.96±0.60)分],差异具有显著性( P <0.05);在年级上,不同年级医学生在学习倦怠上差异有显著性( F =4.244,P <0.01);在专业上无统计学差异无显著性.②学习倦怠与专业承诺、社会支持均呈显著负相关( P <0.01).③多元回归分析表明,情感承诺、家庭支持变量对医学生学习倦怠有显著的预测作用( P <0.01).结论 医学生存在一定程度的学习倦怠,医学生学习倦怠与专业承诺、社会支持密切相关.     

医学院校非医学生专业认同及其对学习心理的影响

探讨医学院校非医学生专业认同现状及其对学习行为的影响.采用调查问卷对410名非医学、403名医学生进行调查.结果发现非医学生的专业认同水平显著低于医学生;专业认同程度对其学习信念、学业延迟满足具有明显的影响作用.医学院校应优化专业设置,并加强非医学专业学生的专业认同感教育.     

整合式教学模式在儿科临床教学的应用与评价

针对儿科见习阶段的临床专业医学生应用整合式教学模式,采用组织结构化考核以及问卷调查、成绩评价等方法,比较整合式教学与传统教学在临床的教学效果。结果显示,整合式教学能激发学生学习的主动性,提高学习效率,有助于培养具有岗位胜任力的医学生。     

高职医学生学习现状调研与分析

通过对高职护理学和药学等专业学生学习现状的调查,分析高职医学生在课堂学习、自主学习、学习计划、学习环境、学习态度和学校考试6个方面存在的问题后认为,要改变高职医学生的学习现状,提高教学质量,应建立全过程的教学质量监控机制,应当在招生过程、教学计划、教学实施过程、教学保障、教学考核过程5个方面实施质量监控.     

RBL教学对临床医学本科生综合能力培养的作用

上海交通大学医学院针对本科生教育开展以探究为基础的学习(research based learning,RBL),本质是以探究未知问题为基础、通过设计综合性实验,创造一种开放式、学生主动参与、师生充分互动的教学形式。教学基本流程分为查阅文献、自主选题、实验设计、实验操作、统计处理、结果分析、论文撰写和论文答辩等过程。实践证明,RBL教学可提高临床医学生的文献阅读和综合能力、科学的逻辑分析能力,增强其科学实验动手能力;促进团队精神的形成,进而形成优秀的科学素养并全面提升医学生的综合能力,推动医学生对接临床科研学习实践,利于医学生国际交流学习的培养与衔接,值得积极推广。     

浅谈教学医院中的教学与医患关系

各种形式的教学是教学医院日常工作中不可缺少的组成部分,在当今医患关系日益紧张的时候如何搞好教学与医患关系,对医院、医生及医学生都非常重要.从着重医学生医德教育、医患沟通及社会环境三方面分析如何处理好教学与医患关系.     

医学生学习投入与专业认同关系的研究

目的：了解医学生的学习投入与专业认同的情况。方法采用乌得勒支学习投入量表和职业认同量表,对上海交通大学医学院195名医学生进行调查,同时选取该校99名非医学生作为对照。结果临床医学、口腔医学专业学生专业课程与非专业课程学习投入较预防医学与医学检验、护理学专业学生高,专业认同强,差异有统计学意义。临床医学专业学生的专业认同最强,预防医学与医学检验专业学生的专业认同最弱。临床医学专业本科生较研究生专业课程学习投入多,专业认同强。医学不同专业、不同学历学生,其学习投入与专业认同呈正相关。医学生与非医学生学习投入与专业认同总分的差异无统计学意义,但医学生学习投入的“奉献”度高,职业认同的“把握感、有意义感、自我效力感和自己决定感”高,差异有统计学意义。结论专业认同越强,学习投入越多,但学生总体学习投入不多。医学生学习投入较多,专业认同稍强。     

医学伦理学教学目标和教学内容改革的思考

社会经济和医学科学的发展使得医学伦理学在内涵和外延上都有了极大的拓展,若仍以“职业思想品德教育”鉴定学科教学目标和教学内容则过于狭窄。从学科发展和学生的实际需求出发定位教学目标,组织教学内容与教学活动,强化利益观、价值观和法律意识教育,使学生在形成良好的职业道德品质的同时,具有分析与解决医学伦理问题的能力,促进学生医德教育,是当前医学伦理学教学与改革的重要课题。     

辩论在临床教学中的应用

本文通过介绍我院临床专业本科生辩论队，阐述了如何将辩论这种方法应用到临床教学中。从辩论队的组织、培训、辩题的选择、辩论规则的制订和辩论会的实施等方面介绍了我们的经验。通过辩论，有利于培养和提高医学生的自学能力，临床思维能力，查阅、分析、应用文献的能力，团队协作精神，口头表达等综合能力。     

Computer instruction as part of a course on analytic medicine for first-year students

The Medical University of South Carolina integrated instruction in information science and computer technology into a required freshman-level course. Analytic and Community Medicine. The advantages of this placement in the curriculum are two-fold. First, the course provides an opportunity to integrate computer methodology with clinically relevant topics such as medical decision-making. This integration enhances the students' view of the computer as a useful tool that can aid the physician in the practice of medicine. Course organizers are convinced that the success of the first offering is attributable to this integration. Second, the instruction comes early in the medical education process and allows the concepts learned to be utilized throughout the students' medical school careers. The degree to which these concepts and methods are actually utilized by students will depend upon the degree of reinforcement of these ideas in the clinical years and residency. Thus, faculty members must act as role models who not only acknowledge the importance of mastering the use of computers in medicine but also manifest those skills.     

Students' perceptions of values emphasized in three medical schools

The purpose of the study presented here was to assess medical students' perceptions of the weight given to scientific and humanistic values in their learning environment and to determine whether students' perceptions in a given school vary according to their level of medical training and personal characteristics. The study was conducted in 1979 via a mail questionnaire sent to a sample of 713 freshmen, juniors, and graduates from three U.S. medical schools; 82.2 percent responded. The results indicated that the students' perceptions of school values varied little according to the students' personal characteristics, such as sociodemographic and educational background, interests before medical training, and expected specialty choice. However, important differences were observed in students' perceptions of values emphasized to them at different schools. Preclinical and clinical students' perceptions of the importance given to scientific values were similar. As for humanistic values, significantly lower ratings were given by clinical students than preclinical students in two of the schools.     

A comparison of computer-assisted instruction and tutorials in hematology and oncology

In the study reported here, third-year medical students in an internal medicine clerkship were randomly assigned to computer-assisted instruction (CAI) and to tutorials to compare the effectiveness of these methods in teaching hematology and oncology topics. A multiple-choice test was used to assess the students' knowledge after instruction, and the students completed a 14-item questionnaire concerning their opinions of CAI. No statistically significant difference was found between the test scores of the students using CAI and those in the tutorials for oncology; but in hematology the students in the tutorials had higher scores than those using CAI. The study design does not permit a definite explanation of the disparity in outcome for the two topics, but it is possible that the effectiveness of the presentations in the two sections was different. There was no statistically significant correlation between the time spent in the teaching setting and the score attained. The students did not consider CAI more effective than the tutorials but rather seemed to view it as a supplement to traditional teaching by lectures, textbooks, and studying from notes.     

加强七年制医学生早期科研能力培养的探讨

目的通过医学微生物学的课外实践活动,加强七年制医学生早期科研能力的培养与训练。方法针对本专业的特点及结合教师的科研课题方向,指导学生参加部分科研项目;指导学生围绕感兴趣的某个专题查阅文献,撰写综述;由能力强的学生独立选题、立题设计出实验方案,再结合本教研室的实际情况,由教师适当地予以指导。结果学生通过课题的研究了解了医学微生物学的新进展、新发现及相关的科研思路,力求科研题目有前沿性。学生参加科研活动,通过实验设计了解了实验的整体过程,培养了科学的思维方法及独立思考、解决问题的能力,并培养了学生的严谨的科学态度。     

Evaluation of a preentrance enrichment program for minority students admitted to medical school

The authors report on an enrichment program for minority students and its effect on those students' performance in the first year of medical school. The six-week preentrance enrichment program (PEP) offers a curriculum of basic science courses, study skills training, and a seminar on special topics, typically on sociomedical issues. From 1973 through 1984, 115 students who had been admitted to Boston University School of Medicine participated in the PEP prior to matriculation. The PEP participants had lower scores on the Medical College Admission Test than minority nonparticipants admitted to the medical school. Analysis of the first-year performance of PEP participants, however, indicated that the participants had significantly higher proportions of pass and honors grades than minority nonparticipants in two courses and slightly higher (though not significant) proportions of pass and honors grades in six other courses of the nine courses in the first-year curriculum. In a related study, preliminary analysis showed that participation in the PEP was one of the consistent predictors of overall academic performance during the first year. Questionnaires completed by participants before and after the program and their responses to a survey at the end of their first year of medical school indicated the participants felt they had gained benefits from the program that enhanced their academic adjustment.     

医学大学生创新创业训练计划项目选题调查与分析

目的:总结医学大学生创新创业训练计划项目("大创计划")总体立项和各方向及领域的选题情况,对实施情况和选题进行全面探索.方法:对2008-2021年上海交通大学医学院的243个国家级"大创计划"进行分类统计,比较不同年份、各个学生特征的项目数,对选题进行大类和小类分组,统计各类别的选题百分比及随年份变化的情况.结果:五...     

医学生睡眠质量与其影响因素的调查分析

目的为提高和改善医学生睡眠质量提供科学依据。方法以匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）、自评抑郁量表（SDS）、自评焦虑量表（SAS）以及学生睡眠质量影响因素调查表对某医学院学生进行分层抽样调查,评估他们的睡眠质量情况,统计分析相关影响因素。结果医学生平均PSQI得分为5.320分,其中女生为5.290分,男生为5.341分。19.01%的医学生睡眠质量欠佳。学习生活压力较大、人际关系等是影响医学生睡眠质量的主要因素,其中学习压力占60.4%,与宿舍同学的人际关系占39.0%。不同性别的学生睡眠质量相同,不同年级的同学有差异,大三显著大于大一和大二,学生睡眠质量与抑郁状况无关,而与焦虑状况有相关性,有焦虑的学生睡眠质量较差。结论医学生的睡眠质量主要与各种社会、心理因素有关,应积极采取各种针对性措施,提高他们的睡眠质量,确保他们身心健康的学习、成长。