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M. Alejandra Perotti M. Lee Goff Anne S. Baker Bryan D. Turner Henk R. Braig 《Experimental & applied acarology》2009,49(1-2):3-13
Mites can be found in all imaginable terrestrial habitats, in freshwater, and in salt water. Mites can be found in our houses and furnishings, on our clothes, and even in the pores of our skin—almost every single person carries mites. Most of the time, we are unaware of them because they are small and easily overlooked, and—most of the time—they do not cause trouble. In fact, they may even proof useful, for instance in forensics. The first arthropod scavengers colonising a dead body will be flies with phoretic mites. The flies will complete their life cycle in and around the corpse, while the mites may feed on the immature stages of the flies. The mites will reproduce much faster than their carriers, offering themselves as valuable timeline markers. There are environments where insects are absent or rare or the environmental conditions impede their access to the corpse. Here, mites that are already present and mites that arrive walking, through air currents or material transfer become important. At the end of the ninetieth century, the work of Jean Pierre Mégnin became the starting point of forensic acarology. Mégnin documented his observations in ‘La Faune des Cadavres’ [The Fauna of Carcasses]. He was the first to list eight distinct waves of arthropods colonising human carcasses. The first wave included flies and mites, the sixth wave was composed of mites exclusively. The scope of forensic acarology goes further than mites as indicators of time of death. Mites are micro-habitat specific and might provide evidential data on movement or relocation of bodies, or locating a suspect at the scene of a crime. Because of their high diversity, wide occurrence, and abundance, mites may be of great value in the analysis of trace evidence. 相似文献
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Krzysztof Solarz 《Experimental & applied acarology》2009,49(1-2):135-142
House dust mites (HDM) have been shown to produce allergens causing atopic allergies in human beings, known in medicine as house-dust-mite allergy or atopy. Over the past 25 years (1981–2006) a survey of dust samples from different places was made in the southern part of Poland, to determine the diversity of indoor acarofauna. In total, 1,532 samples were taken from dwellings, hospitals, libraries, research laboratories, drug-stores, and offices and other workplaces. More than 30 mite species were found of which the most abundant and common were HDM, especially Dermatophagoides farinae. Highest mite densities (g?1 dust) were noted in dwellings. This survey revealed differences in the occurrence and prevalence of various species of domestic mites between and within (dwellings in) geographical areas. This knowledge may be useful in the field of forensic medicine. 相似文献
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Clifford E. Desch 《Experimental & applied acarology》2009,49(1-2):143-146
The hair follicle mites of the genus Demodex (Demodecidae) were first discovered in humans in 1841. Since then, members of this host-specific genus have been found in 11 of the 18 orders of eutherian mammals with most host species harboring two or more species of Demodex. Humans are host to D. folliculorum and D. brevis. The biology, natural history, and anatomy of these mites as related to their life in the human pilosebaceous complex is reviewed. This information may provide insight into the application of Demodex as a tool for the forensic acarologist/entomologist. 相似文献
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中国生物地理区划研究 总被引:23,自引:5,他引:18
首先将中版图根据综合自然(包括海拔、地形、气候、植被、水系、农业区等)因素,利用GIS技术手段,划分出124个基本单元。同时,根据一定的原则选择了171种哺乳类和509种植物物种,利用中国物种信息系统收集这些物种的分布信息,并运用GIS技术将这些信息转换为各个基本单元内这些物种存在与否的信息,再用数学量化分析方法,即Sφrensen相似性指数公式计算相关矩阵,以及Ward方法进行聚类分析,得到上述124个基本单元的哺乳类和植物分布相似性聚类图,从而最终得到一个新的定量化的、更具客观性和实用意义的中国生物地理区划系统,以及关于中国生物地理区划的许多重要结论。该区划包括4个区域(8个亚区域)、27个生物地理区和124个生物地理单元。采用从基本单元到高级区划的研究方法,在生物地理区划研究领域,这是一种方法学上的尝试,利用物种的分布相似性聚类结果来帮助确定区划界线,减少了对研究者自身所拥有的物种及生态学知识及经验的依赖,因而更具有客观性,较少掺杂研究者的主观臆断。这种方法也同样适用于其他生物门类区划的研究。 相似文献
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中国猕猴桃种质资源的研究与利用 总被引:28,自引:0,他引:28
全世界猕猴桃属植物共有66种,中国分布有62种,种质资源极为丰富。猕猴桃属植物中经济栽培价值较高的是中国特有的美味猕猴桃、中华猕猴桃、软枣猕猴桃和毛花猕猴桃等。以此为主要对象,对其起源、栽培历史及利用价值、种类与分布、品种资源与特异种质、种质保存、花粉形态、染色体数目与倍性、同工酶分析以及DNA分子标记等研究利用现状作一综述,并讨论了中国猕猴桃种质资源今后的研究展望。这将有助于猕猴桃种质资源的可持续利用和品种改良。 相似文献
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中国猕猴桃种质资源的研究与利用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
全世界猕猴桃属植物共有66种,中国分布有62种,种质资源极为丰富。猕猴桃属植物中经济栽培价值较高的是中国特有的美味猕猴桃、中华猕猴桃、软枣猕猴桃和毛花猕猴桃等。以此为主要对象,对其起源、栽培历史及利用价值、种类与分布、品种资源与特异种质、种质保存、花粉形态、染色体数目与倍性、同工酶分析以及DNA分子标记等研究利用现状作一综述,并讨论了中国猕猴桃种质资源今后的研究展望,这将有助于猕猴桃种质资源的可持续利用和品种改良。 相似文献
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中国菰(Zizania latifolia(Griseb.)Turcz.ex Stapf)是一种多年生禾本科稻亚科稻族菰属挺水植物。研究表明,菰具有现代水稻栽培品种所需要的许多优良性状,在生态治理方面表现出应用潜力;菰米营养价值高于普通稻米,且兼具保健功效。菰的这些特性使其在水稻种质改良、重金属离子污染土壤治理以及功能性食品开发方面表现出诱人的前景。近年来,菰属植物的研究工作取得了一定的进展,主要涉及菰的起源进化、菰的经济价值、菰与生态环境的关系、菰遗传多样性分析、菰组学及育种应用等五方面。因文献报道的时间跨度大,涉及面广,目前未见详尽的有关该物种研究进展的专门论述。本文从上述5个方面进行总结,促进对菰的了解,为这种重要野生资源的研究、保护和开发利用提供借鉴,进而加速该物种的研究进程。 相似文献
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金丝桃属植物研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
金丝桃属植物中许多种是传统草药.二总酮类、类黄酮类及间苯三酚类等次生代谢产物具有许多药理作用。因此近年来对该属植物的分泌结构、具药理作川的化学成分、快速繁殖以及分子水平的研究越来越多。本文就以上各方面的研究进展作一综述。 相似文献
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我国林业重大害虫松毛虫的灾害研究进展 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
我国松毛虫种类丰富,已报道27种,其中6种频繁暴发,年危害松林面积达200万hm2以上、经济损失数亿元。松毛虫灾害研究可以为综合治理松毛虫提供重要的理论依据与相关技术。近年来,我国在影响松毛虫种群发生的关键性因子分析、性信息素的研究与开发利用、松树挥发性物质的成分鉴定及其对寄生蜂或寄生蝇的定位作用、卫星遥感监测技术等方面的研究取得了较大进步,但缺少系统性的归纳总结。为此,文章就近些年来我国在松毛虫灾害机制与暴发机理研究、治理现状与技术措施等方面进行综述,展望今后我国松毛虫治理研究工作的重要方向和趋势。 相似文献
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