共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Xu H Bourgoin M Ouellette NT Bodenschatz E;International Collaboration for Turbulence Research 《Physical review letters》2006,96(2):024503
We report measurements of the Lagrangian velocity structure functions of orders 1 through 10 in a high Reynolds number (Taylor microscale Reynolds numbers of up to R(lambda) = 815 ) turbulence experiment. Passive tracer particles are tracked optically in three dimensions and in time, and velocities are calculated from the particle tracks. The structure function anomalous scaling exponents are measured both directly and using extended self-similarity and are found to be more intermittent than their Eulerian counterparts. Classical Kolmogorov inertial range scaling is also found for all structure function orders at times that trend downward as the order increases. The temporal shift of this classical scaling behavior is observed to saturate as the structure function order increases at times shorter than the Kolmogorov time scale. 相似文献
2.
We present measurements of fluid particle accelerations in turbulent water flow between counterrotating disks using three-dimensional Lagrangian particle tracking. By simultaneously following multiple particles with sub-Kolmogorov-time-scale temporal resolution, we measured the spatial correlation of fluid particle acceleration at Taylor microscale Reynolds numbers between 200 and 690. We also obtained indirect, nonintrusive measurements of the Eulerian pressure structure functions by integrating the acceleration correlations. Our measurements are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions of the acceleration correlations and the pressure structure function in isotropic high-Reynolds number turbulence by Obukhov and Yaglom in 1951 [Prikl. Mat. Mekh. 15, 3 (1951)]. The measured pressure structure functions display K41 scaling in the inertial range. 相似文献
3.
Intermittency is a basic feature of fully developed turbulence, for both velocity and passive scalars.
Intermittency is classically characterized by
Eulerian scaling exponent of structure functions. The same approach can
be used in a Lagrangian framework to characterize the temporal
intermittency of the velocity and passive scalar concentration of a an element of fluid advected by a turbulent intermittent
field. Here we focus on
Lagrangian passive scalar scaling exponents, and discuss their possible links
with Eulerian passive scalar and mixed velocity-passive scalar structure functions.
We provide different transformations between these scaling exponents,
associated to different transformations linking space and time scales.
We obtain four new explicit relations.
Experimental data are needed to test these predictions for Lagrangian passive
scalar scaling exponents. 相似文献
4.
Alexander Bershadskii 《Journal of statistical physics》2007,128(3):721-739
An analytic perturbation theory is suggested in order to find finite-size corrections to the scaling power laws. In the frame
of this theory it is shown that the first order finite-size correction to the scaling power laws has following form , where η is a finite-size scale (in particular for turbulence, it can be the Kolmogorov dissipation scale). Using data of
laboratory experiments and numerical simulations it is shown shown that a degenerate case with α 0=0 can describe turbulence statistics in the near-dissipation range r > η, where the ordinary (power-law) scaling does not apply. For moderate Reynolds numbers the degenerate scaling range covers
almost the entire range of scales of velocity structure functions (the log-corrections apply to finite Reynolds number). Interplay
between local and non-local regimes has been considered as a possible hydrodynamic mechanism providing the basis for the degenerate
scaling of structure functions and extended self-similarity. These results have been also expanded on passive scalar mixing
in turbulence. Overlapping phenomenon between local and non-local regimes and a relation between position of maximum of the
generalized energy input rate and the actual crossover scale between these regimes are briefly discussed.
PACS: 47.27.-i, 47.27.Gs. 相似文献
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Motivated by interest in the geometry of high intensity events of turbulent flows, we examine the spatial correlation functions of sets where turbulent events are particularly intense. These sets are defined using indicator functions on excursion and iso-value sets. Their geometric scaling properties are analysed by examining possible power-law decay of their radial correlation function. We apply the analysis to enstrophy, dissipation and velocity gradient invariants Q and R and their joint spatial distributions, using data from a direct numerical simulation of isotropic turbulence at Reλ ≈ 430. While no fractal scaling is found in the inertial range using box-counting in the finite Reynolds number flow considered here, power-law scaling in the inertial range is found in the radial correlation functions. Thus, a geometric characterisation in terms of these sets’ correlation dimension is possible. Strong dependence on the enstrophy and dissipation threshold is found, consistent with multifractal behaviour. Nevertheless, the lack of scaling of the box-counting analysis precludes direct quantitative comparisons with earlier work based on multifractal formalism. Surprising trends, such as a lower correlation dimension for strong dissipation events compared to strong enstrophy events, are observed and interpreted in terms of spatial coherence of vortices in the flow. 相似文献
7.
Lagrangian Velocity Fluctuations in Fully Developed Turbulence: Scaling, Intermittency, and Dynamics
N. Mordant J. Delour E. Léveque O. Michel A. Arnéodo J.-F. Pinton 《Journal of statistical physics》2003,113(5-6):701-717
New aspects of turbulence are uncovered if one considers the flow motion from the perspective of a fluid particle (known as the Lagrangian approach) rather than in terms of a velocity field (the Eulerian viewpoint). Using a new experimental technique, based on the scattering of ultrasound, we have obtained a direct measurement of particle velocities, resolved at all scales, in a fully turbulent flow. We find that the Lagrangian velocity autocorrelation function and the Lagrangian time spectrum are in agreement with the Kolmogorov K41 phenomenology. Intermittency corrections are observed and we give a measurement of the Lagrangian structure function exponents. They are more intermittent than the corresponding Eulerian exponents. We also propose a novel analysis of intermittency in turbulence: our measurement enables us to study it from a dynamical point of view. We thus analyze the Lagrangian velocity fluctuations in the framework of random walks. We find experimentally that the elementary steps in the walk have random uncorrelated directions but a magnitude that displays extremely long-range correlations in time. Theoretically, we study a Langevin equation that incorporates these features and we show that the resulting dynamics accounts for the observed one-point and two-point statistical properties of the Lagrangian velocity fluctuations. Our approach connects the intermittent statistical nature of turbulence to the dynamics of the flow. 相似文献
8.
The effect of finite Reynolds numbers and/or internal intermittency on the total kinetic energy and scalar energy transfers is examined in detail. For this purpose, two distinct models for velocity and scalar energy transfer are proposed in the specific context of freely decaying isotropic turbulence. The first one extends the already existing dynamical models (hereafter DYM, i.e. based on transport equations originated in Navier–Stokes and advection-diffusion transport equations). The second one relies on the characteristic time of the strain at a specific scale (hereafter SBM). Both models account for the Reynolds number dependence of the scaling exponent of the second-order structure functions, over a range of scales where such exponents may be defined, i.e. a restricted scaling range (RSR). Therefore, the models developed aim at reproducing the energy transfer over the RSR. The predicted energy transfer is very sensible to variations of the scaling exponent, especially at low Reynolds numbers. The approach towards the asymptotic 4/3 law is closely reproduced by the two models. The dynamical model reproduces the experimental results accurately especially in the vicinity of the Taylor microscale, while the SBM agrees almost perfectly with measurements at nearly all scales. 相似文献
9.
The connection between anomalous scaling of structure functions (intermittency) and numerical methods for turbulence simulations
is discussed. It is argued that the computational work for direct numerical simulations (DNS) of fully developed turbulence
increases as Re
4, and not as Re
3 expected from Kolmogorov’s theory, where Re is a large-scale Reynolds number. Various relations for the moments of acceleration and velocity derivatives are derived.
An infinite set of exact constraints on dynamically consistent subgrid models for Large Eddy Simulations (LES) is derived
from the Navier–Stokes equations, and some problems of principle associated with existing LES models are highlighted 相似文献
10.
We develop a theory of turbulence based on the Navier-Stokes equation, without using dimensional or phenomenological considerations. A small scale vortex filament is the main element of the theory. The theory allows to obtain the scaling law and to calculate the scaling exponents of Lagrangian and Eulerian velocity structure functions in the inertial range. The obtained results are shown to be in very good agreement with numerical simulations and experimental data. The introduction of stochasticity into the equations and derivation of scaling exponents are discussed in details. A weak dependence on statistical propositions is demonstrated. The relation of the theory to the multifractal model is discussed. 相似文献
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Reynolds AM 《Physical review letters》2003,91(8):084503
The Lagrangian stochastic model of Reynolds [Phys. Fluids 15, L1-4 (2003)]] for the accelerations of fluid particles in turbulence is shown to predict precisely the observed Reynolds-number dependency of the distribution of Lagrangian accelerations and the exponents characterizing the observed extended self-similarity scaling of the Lagrangian velocity structure functions. Departures from superstatistics of the log-normal kind are accounted for and their impact upon model predictions is quantified. 相似文献
13.
Decaying homogeneous isotropic turbulence with an imposed mean scalar gradient is investigated numerically, thanks to a specific eddy-damped quasi-normal Markovian closure developed recently for passive scalar mixing in homogeneous anisotropic turbulence (BGC). The present modelling is compared successfully with recent direct numerical simulations and other models, for both very large and small Prandtl numbers. First, scalings for the cospectrum and scalar variance spectrum in the inertial range are recovered analytically and numerically. Then, at large Reynolds numbers, the decay and growth laws for the scalar variance and mixed velocity–scalar correlations, respectively, derived in BGC, are shown numerically to remain valid when the Prandtl number strongly departs from unity. Afterwards, the normalised correlation ρwθ is found to decrease in magnitude at a fixed Reynolds number when Pr either increases or decreases, in agreement with earlier predictions. Finally, the small scales return to isotropy of the scalar second-order moments is found to depend not only on the Reynolds number, but also on the Prandtl number. 相似文献
14.
A. Bershadskii T. Nakano D. Fukayama T. Gotoh 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2000,18(1):95-101
Using results of a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of 3D turbulence we show that the observed generalized scaling (i.e. scaling moments versus moments of different orders) is consistent with a lognormal-like distribution of turbulent energy dissipation fluctuations
with moderate amplitudes for all space scales available in this DNS (beginning from the molecular viscosity scale up to largest ones). Local multifractal thermodynamics has been developed to interpret the data obtained using the generalized scaling, and a new interval
of space scales with inverse cascade of generalized energy has been found between dissipative and inertial intervals of scales
for sufficiently large values of the Reynolds number.
Received 21 July 2000 相似文献
15.
本文采用热线风速仪测量了出口雷诺数为Re (≡ Ujd/ν) = 20100的圆形射流的中心线轴向速度,其中Uj为动量平均出口速度,d为喷嘴出口直径,ν为运动黏性系数.在有效去除热线测量数据中的高频噪声后,作者对射流中心线上小尺度湍流统计量的变化规律进行了系统的分析.研究发现,射流在经过一定距离的发展后,其小尺度统计量逐渐进入自相似状态,湍动能平均耗散率ε随下游距离的增加以指数形
关键词:
恒温热线
圆形湍射流
耗散率
小尺度 相似文献
16.
A second-order closure is developed for predicting turbulent flows of viscoelastic fluids described by a modified generalised Newtonian fluid model incorporating a nonlinear viscosity that depends on a strain-hardening Trouton ratio as a means to handle some of the effects of viscoelasticity upon turbulent flows. Its performance is assessed by comparing its predictions for fully developed turbulent pipe flow with experimental data for four different dilute polymeric solutions and also with two sets of direct numerical simulation data for fluids theoretically described by the finitely extensible nonlinear elastic – Peterlin model. The model is based on a Newtonian Reynolds stress closure to predict Newtonian fluid flows, which incorporates low Reynolds number damping functions to properly deal with wall effects and to provide the capability to handle fluid viscoelasticity more effectively. This new turbulence model was able to capture well the drag reduction of various viscoelastic fluids over a wide range of Reynolds numbers and performed better than previously developed models for the same type of constitutive equation, even if the streamwise and wall-normal turbulence intensities were underpredicted. 相似文献
17.
Longitudinal and transverse structure functions in decaying nearly homogeneous and isotropic turbulence 下载免费PDF全文
Streamwise evolution of longitudinal and transverse velocity structure functions in a decaying homogeneous and nearly isotropic turbulence is reported for Reynolds numbers Reλ up to 720. First, two theoretical relations between longitudinal and transverse structure functions are examined in the light of recently derived relations and the results show that the low-order transverse structure functions can be well approximated by longitudinal ones within the sub-inertial range. Reconstruction of fourth-order transverse structure functions with a recently proposed relation by Grauer et al. is comparatively less valid than the relation already proposed by Antonia et al. Secondly, extended self-similarity methods are used to measure the scaling exponents up to order eight and the streamwise evolution of scaling exponents is explored. The scaling exponents of longitudinal structure functions are, at first location, close to Zybin’s model, and at the fourth location, close to She–Leveque model. No obvious trend is found for the streamwise evolution of longitudinal scaling exponents, whereas, on the contrary, transverse scaling exponents become slightly smaller with the development of a steamwise direction. Finally, the stremwise variation of the order-dependent isotropy ratio indicates the turbulence at the last location is closer to isotropic than the other three locations. 相似文献
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Correlation functions in isotropic and anisotropic turbulence: the role of the symmetry group 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Arad I L'vov VS Procaccia I 《Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics》1999,59(6):6753-6765
The theory of fully developed turbulence is usually considered in an idealized homogeneous and isotropic state. Real turbulent flows exhibit the effects of anisotropic forcing. The analysis of correlation functions and structure functions in isotropic and anisotropic situations is facilitated and made rational when performed in terms of the irreducible representations of the relevant symmetry group which is the group of all rotations SO(3). In this paper we first consider the needed general theory, and explain why we expect different (universal) scaling exponents in the different sectors of the symmetry group. We exemplify the theory context of isotropic turbulence (for third order tensorial structure functions) and in weakly anisotropic turbulence (for the second order structure function). The utility of the resulting expressions for the analysis of experimental data is demonstrated in the context of high Reynolds number measurements of turbulence in the atmosphere. 相似文献