机器人在口腔医学领域的应用

近年来,机器人技术发展迅速,医用机器人在临床上的应用日益广泛,特别是在口腔医学领域的应用越来越受到关注.将机器人技术应用于口腔医学领域,将突破传统的治疗模式,为口腔医疗带来一轮新的技术革命.本文结合国内外医用机器人的研究和应用现况,就机器人在口腔医学领域的应用优势、应用现状及发展前景作一综述.     

《口腔种植机器人临床应用的专家共识（第一版）》解读

口腔种植机器人是近年来口腔医学领域的新技术,现已应用于口腔种植、口腔颌面外科等多个专业领域。但在口腔种植机器人飞速发展的同时,其临床应用仍然缺乏诊疗规范。文章将详述《口腔种植机器人临床应用的专家共识（第一版）》的制定流程,基于国内外文献分析和临床实践经验,对其主要内容、重要观点等进行详细解读。     

臭氧在口腔医学应用新进展

多年来臭氧作为广谱、高效的抗菌剂已应用于医学领域。应用于口腔医学领域相对时间较晚,仅在器械消毒等较窄范围内使用。近年来国内、外学者对臭氧应用于口腔临床治疗等方面,已进行大量体外实验和临床研究,并取得一定的进展。目前臭氧作为新的较为安全的治疗方法,开始应用于体外实验和口腔临床治疗的研究。本文回顾近年来国内、外发表的关于臭氧在口腔医学领域临床和体外研究的文献,对臭氧在口腔医学应用进行综述。     

微流控芯片在口腔医学领域的应用研究进展

微流控芯片是指通过微细加工技术将微型功能元件组建成具有微流体控制的集成分析系统，在生命科学领域已开始广泛使用，在口腔医学领域目前应用较少。文章结合微流控芯片技术的优势，综述微流控芯片在口腔医学领域中的研究进展，并对其应用前景进行展望。     

选择性激光加工技术在口腔医学领域的应用进展

选择性激光加工技术是近几年来研究的热点,在机械制造领域已被广泛应用。由于口腔医学材料使用的局限性及特殊性,该技术尚未能广泛使用,基于该技术的多种优点,很多学者做了大量的研究及尝试。本文对近年来选择性激光加工技术在口腔医学领域的应用进展作一综述。     

生物电化学在口腔医学上的应用

近二十年来,生物电化学已深入到各个不同的科学领域,并为各门科学的发展起到一定的推动作用。其中,口腔医学领域的应用占有非常重要的地位。概括如下。 1、电化学分析法在口腔医学诊断上的应用。 2、低频脉冲电磁场在高酸环境状态及其它辅助手段的配合下,应用于口腔疾病的治疗。 3、应用于生物体移植的金属材料腐蚀研     

口腔医学领域人工智能及相关技术的研究和应用进展

人工智能在口腔医学领域显示出可能带来变革的应用前景, 相关文献从20世纪90年代以来呈逐年增长趋势。本文通过文献检索, 初步总结口腔医学领域人工智能相关文献的发表情况, 浅析口腔医学领域人工智能研究的热点演变及相关技术进展, 以期为人工智能研究和应用提供参考。     

适配体的应用及其在口腔领域的研究进展

适配体是一种与特定RNA或蛋白质等靶向结合的单链DNA或RNA.适配体具有高度特异性、低免疫原性、成本低等特点,已被广泛用于生物医学的各个领域.本文就适配体的筛选、特点以及其在口腔医学领域中疾病诊断、治疗和组织再生的研究进展作一综述,并对其在口腔医学中的应用前景进行展望.     

微焦点CT在口腔医学领域中的应用

微焦点CT这一先进技术,近年来在口腔医学的诸多领域得到广泛的重视和研究,有着良好的应用前景。本文重点介绍了微焦点CT的结构和原理、成像条件求及其在口腔医学领域的应用。     

第4届中B口腔医学大会

2008中日口腔医学大会是由中华口腔医学会和日本齿科医学会共同主办的中日口腔医学领域的最高盛会。其宗旨在于促进中日两国口腔医学界学术成果的交流，增进两国口腔医学同行之间的了解和友谊，促进中日两国口腔医学的发展。中日口腔医学大会开始于纪念中日邦交恢复正常化20周年的1992年，至今已在中国举办3届，均取得了成功。     

Dentronics: Towards robotics and artificial intelligence in dentistry

ObjectivesThis paper provides an overview of existing applications and concepts of robotic systems and artificial intelligence in dentistry. This review aims to provide the community with novel inputs and argues for an increased utilization of these recent technological developments, referred to as Dentronics, in order to advance dentistry.MethodsFirst, background on developments in robotics, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are reviewed that may enable novel assistive applications in dentistry (Sec A). Second, a systematic technology review that evaluates existing state-of-the-art applications in AI, ML and robotics in the context of dentistry is presented (Sec B).ResultsA systematic literature research in pubmed yielded in a total of 558 results. 41 studies related to ML, 53 studies related to AI and 49 original research papers on robotics application in dentistry were included. ML and AI have been applied in dental research to analyze large amounts of data to eventually support dental decision making, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment planning with the help of data-driven analysis algorithms based on machine learning. So far, only few robotic applications have made it to reality, mostly restricted to pilot use cases.SignificanceThe authors believe that dentistry can greatly benefit from the current rise of digital human-centered automation and be transformed towards a new robotic, ML and AI-enabled era. In the future, Dentronics will enhance reliability, reproducibility, accuracy and efficiency in dentistry through the democratized use of modern dental technologies, such as medical robot systems and specialized artificial intelligence. Dentronics will increase our understanding of disease pathogenesis, improve risk-assessment-strategies, diagnosis, disease prediction and finally lead to better treatment outcomes.     

The role of robotics in trauma and orthopaedics

Whilst robotics have been used in surgery since their first application in neurosurgical biopsies in 1985, many surgeons have limited familiarity or experience with robotics through access or exposure to current or developing applications, particularly the systems that have brought robotics to orthopaedics. This paper reviews the well-established applications of operative orthopaedic robotics, developing and future applications, and extraoperative surgical robotics, with due consideration to their limitations. This review describes the different types of fundamental robotic systems, including master–slave, passive, semi-active and active systems. Its discussion of system types gives the reader insight into the different relationships between surgeon and robot, varying from full active systems, autonomous image-based surgical operating, through to the master–slave direct relationship with the surgeon, with the robot's replication of the surgeon's live tracked movements. A review of widely adopted systems within arthroplasty and developing concepts allows the reader to develop their understanding of how these systems operate and their future potential, giving a broad understanding of robotics. This narrative review discusses the fundamentals of orthopaedic robotics, as systematic reviews of each application, their data sets and evidence have been documented elsewhere. The paper concludes by highlighting the advantages of robotic systems in orthopaedic surgery, such as precision and reproducibility, and insight into the future of orthopaedic robotics and provides a useful basis for understanding the role of robotics in orthopaedics and their potential applications for surgeons.     

The miniature pig: a useful large animal model for dental and orofacial research

Compared with small animal models such as rodents, large animal models are superior in many aspects for the study of human diseases and pre-clinical therapies. Since the development of the Minnesota miniature pig in 1949 at the Hormel Institute (USA), miniature pigs have been used as a large animal model in medical studies for scientific, economic, and ethical reasons. The oral maxillofacial region of miniature pigs is similar to that of humans in anatomy, development, physiology, pathophysiology, and disease occurrence. In this review, we describe the anatomical characteristics of the oral maxillofacial system of the miniature pig, established models of oral diseases in this animal, and other uses of the miniature pig in orofacial research.     

医学科研中学术不端行为的界定与防范

医学科研中学术不端行为主要表现在研究选题与资源配置不合理;数据的收集、保护和共享存在重大偏倚;科研伦理与实验对象利益与风险的失衡;导师与受训者的责任、监督与评议缺位;学术报告署名与学术成果出版不真实;学术交流与合作中的角色与管理问题;利益冲突;科研管理与同行评议不严肃、不公正;科研诚信道德的教育、培训与指导缺失等9个方面。作者从加强医疗机构组织领导,完善科研评价机制和科研诚信管理制度,加强科研诚信教育和严惩学术不端行为4个方面提出了防范举措,以期提高医学科研诚信建设水平。     

Dental photostimulable phosphor radiography

Photostimulable phosphor radiography (PPR), a mature industry in medical imaging, became available in dentistry in 1994. At least three dental PPR systems have been made available commercially since that time. Although dental PPR offers a number of advantages over film-based methods, some aspects of dental PPR need improvement. Further research is needed to more fully compare and contrast this modality with film-based methods.     

The Dentofacial Deformity Program of the University of Michigan: organization, analysis of data, and benefits of program.

The Dentofacial Deformity Program of the University of Michigan was established in 1984 to provide a consulting service for the diagnosis, treatment recommendations, and management of patients with dentofacial deformities. This program was designed as a service commitment for the patient, referring doctors, and the medical and dental communities. Educational and research aspects of the program provide benefits for orthodontic and oral and maxillofacial surgery graduate students, and the dental school faculty. The organization, data analysis, and education, research, and service benefits of this program are discussed.     

Computer assisted oral and maxillofacial surgery--a review and an assessment of technology

Advances in the basic scientific research within the field of computer assisted oral and maxillofacial surgery have enabled us to introduce features of these techniques into routine clinical practice. In order to simulate complex surgery with the aid of a computer, the diagnostic image data and especially various imaging modalities including computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and Ultrasound (US) must be arranged in relation to each other, thus enabling a rapid switching between the various modalities as well as the viewing of superimposed images. Segmenting techniques for the reconstruction of three-dimensional representations of soft and hard tissues are required. We must develop ergonomic and user friendly interactive methods for the surgeon, thus allowing for a precise and fast entry of the planned surgical procedure in the planning and simulation phase. During the surgical phase, instrument navigation tools offer the surgeon interactive support through operation guidance and control of potential dangers. This feature is already available today and within this article we present a review of the development of this rapidly evolving technique. Future intraoperative assistance takes the form of such passive tools for the support of intraoperative orientation as well as so-called 'tracking systems' (semi-active systems) which accompany and support the surgeons' work. The final form are robots which execute specific steps completely autonomously. The techniques of virtual reality and computer assisted surgery are increasingly important in their medical applications. Many applications are still being developed or are still in the form of a prototype. It is already clear, however, that developments in this area will have a considerable effect on a surgeon's routine work.     

Regenerative medical therapy and prosthodontics

The relation between prosthodontics and regenerative medical therapy was taken up as a theme at symposiums in the 112th and 113th scientific meeting of Japan Prosthodontic Society. In this article, these two symposiums are summarized, and academic conference presentations in the scientific meeting of Prosthodontic Society and the content of scientific papers published in the past 21 years are listed by theme, and how the academic society members had worked on themes such as basic medical research and regenerative medical therapy are verified. As a result, it is clarified that reports on biological research and research of regenerative medical therapy carried out from the prosthodontic viewpoint have increased in recent years. However, reports concerning biological findings on dental implants have not increased. It is shown that we have to think about the future direction again regarding the relations with recent regenerative medical therapy. In addition, the necessity of regenerative medical therapy in prosthodontic studies in the future is discussed including some personal opinions. The theme on which we have worked to date is not necessarily far from regenerative medical therapy, and research in the prosthodontic field will contribute to the development of regenerative medical therapy greatly if we appropriately adopt its concept and techniques. I hope that this article will have a good influence on the direction of research of academic society members, especially young members in the future.     

人工智能在正畸领域的应用现状及研究进展

新算法的开发利用和计算机功率的不断增强提高了人工智能技术的准确性、可重复性和高效性,使其更广泛地应用于医学各专业,成为当前研究热点.目前人工智能在口腔正畸领域主要应用于X光线片和CBCT的自动定点分析,骨面型及生长发育期的智能诊断,辅助制订治疗方案及辅助临床操作等方面.本文将从以上四个方面对人工智能在口腔正畸领域的应用...     

五年制口腔医学专业临床实践考核体系的探索

本文详细介绍了针对五年制口腔医学专业本科生临床实践阶段,建立的一套考核体系,从操作、理论、科研和医德4方面考评学生综合实践能力。该考核体系客观、科学,不仅重视学生理论知识的掌握,同时注重临床实际分析问题和实际操作能力的培养,从效果来看,该考评模式可作为保障口腔医学生人才培养的重要手段。