周期换向电絮凝法用于处理含铬废水研究

以铁作为极板,采用周期换向电絮凝法处理含铬废水,考察了初始pH值,电流密度,处理时间,初始质量浓度及周期换向时间等因素的影响.结果表明,在初始pH值为8.0~9.0,电流密度为16.37A/m2,处理时间为3.0min,初始浓度为40mg/l时,总铬和六价铬的去除效果理想,去除率均在99.5%以上;10~15min的换向周期在一定程度上解决了极板钝化问题,可降低10%~20%的能耗.实验结果表明周期换向电絮凝法处理含铬废水效果好,且可降低能耗.     

电絮凝法处理毛纺染色废水

研究了电絮凝法处理毛纺染色废水的可行性及其处理效果。结果表明，电絮凝法对废水的色度和ＣＯＤ具有良好的去除效果。实验确定的电絮凝法处理条件为：电流密谋，电解时间２５ｍｉｎ，色度和ＣＯＤ的去除率最高分别为９８％和５３％。     

利用电絮凝法处理脱硫废水的研究

本文提出了利用电絮凝法处理脱硫废水,研究考察了废水初始质量浓度、电流密度、废水的预处理等因素对电絮凝处理效果的影响。结果表明,在电絮凝过程中,随着废水质量浓度的降低和电流密度的增加,处理效果变好,反应时间缩短;原废水进入电絮凝装置之前通过加碱沉淀预处理的工艺优化,大大缩短了反应所需时间,减小了反应器的体积,既达到良好的处理效果又降低了反应能耗。     

直流电絮凝法处理印染废水研究

针对印染废水直接生化处理难的问题,试验采用直流电絮凝处理工艺,研究了某印染厂废水电絮凝过程中pH值、温度、极板电压、COD和色度随电解时间的变化,并对电解前后废水中有机成分进行分析。结果表明,直流电解过程中废水pH值和温度不断升高;电流强度不变的条件下极板电压下降。GC-MS图谱分析表明直流电解可以有效氧化分解废水中的有机污染物;经25min处理后COD和色度去除率分别达到75.45%和84.62%以上,出水水质可以满足纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准(GB4287-92)中的I级水质要求。     

脉冲电絮凝法处理黄连素制药废水

采用脉冲电絮凝方法对黄连素制药废水进行处理,比较了其与传统电絮凝的能耗差距,考察了占空比、电流密度、脉冲频率、电极间距及反应时间对处理效果的影响. 结果表明:与传统电絮凝相比,脉冲电絮凝法节能优势明显,其能耗仅为传统电絮凝法的20%;在最优反应条件(占空比为0.3,脉冲频率为1.0 kHz, 电流密度为19.44 mA/cm2,电极间距为2.0 cm,反应时间210 min)下,模拟废水中COD_Cr和黄连素的去除率分别达到69.6%和72.8%;采用最优条件处理实际废水,其COD_Cr与黄连素的去除率分别为62.6%和92.1%.      

电絮凝法处理生活废水的研究

采用可溶性阳极材料(Fe，A1)通过电絮凝法处理生活废水。实验研究了可溶性阳极材料、电流密度、废水的pH、电导率和电解时间等因素对废水浊度及COD去除率的影响，并确定了最佳工作条件。结果表明：A1电极较Fe电极具有更好的处理效果，电絮凝法对生活废水的浊度和COD去除率分别可达95％和59％。     

电絮凝技术处理镀铜废水的研究

电絮凝技术处理镀铜废水中,研究了溶液的pH值、电流密度、极板间距、电解时间、以及Cu2+的初始浓度等因素时电絮凝技术对镀铜废水处理效果的影响;结果表明:在pH值为6.5～8、极板间距为50mm、电流密度60mA/cm2、电解时间为80 min反应条件下,电絮凝法净化低浓度镀铜废水效果较好,可以使废水中重金属离子去除率达99.7%以上,COD的去除率达90%以上.     

电絮凝法处理煤泥水的研究

煤泥水的处理国内多采用加药絮凝沉淀法,但对于煤泥粒度细、含泥量大特殊性质的煤泥水,难以得到令人满意的处理效果.本文分析了难沉煤泥水的性质和难沉的原因,阐述了应用电絮凝处理难沉煤泥水的原理,介绍了自行设计制作的小型连续电絮凝装置,结构和技术参数对絮凝效果的影响.应用该装置处理难沉的铁法矿务局煤泥水,溢流水 SS<200ms/1,每吨水电絮凝耗电量小于一度.     

脉冲电絮凝处理难降解印染废水的研究

研究了以铝作阳极采用脉冲电絮凝技术对难降解染料废水的处理,探讨了脉冲电源脉冲占空比、脉冲频率、电流密度、电解时间和废水浓度等因素对废水色度和COD去除率的影响,并对脉冲方式在脱色率和COD去除率、材耗及能耗等方面进行了对比研究。结果表明,与直流电絮凝相比,脉冲电絮凝技术在处理难降解染料废水中有着明显的节能优势,单脉冲和双脉冲电絮凝其能耗分别降低了84%和87%,其电极消耗则分别与之持平和增加了93%。     

电絮凝法处理工业废水技术研究——以染料废水为例

工业废水中有一部分废水含盐量高、生化性差,无法采用生化法进行有效处理,需要研究新的方法处理此类工业废水。本文通过研究电絮凝法处理工业废水的影响因素及最佳条件。     

Treatment of tannery wastewater by electrocoagulation

Treatment of tannery wastewater by electrocoagulation with low cell current(≤1A)and soluble electrodes(mild steel electrodes and aluminum electrodes)was studied.Compared with aluminum electrodes,mild steel electrodes were more effective for the removal of sulfide,with a removal efficiency of over 90%.But during the treatment process,black color precipitate typical to iron(Ⅱ)sulfides was produced.While aluminum electrodes were effective to eliminate the colority of the effluent,the removal efficiency of sulfide was lower than 12%.The mechanisms of the removal of chemical oxygen demand,ammonia,total organic carbon,sulfide and colority with the two soluble electrodes(mild steel and aluminum electrodes)were discussed in detail.In order to exert the predominance of diffenent types of electrodes,the tannery wastewater was treated using mild steel electrodes first followed by the filter and finally by the aluminum electrodes,the elimination rates of chemical oxygen demand,ammonia,total organic carbon,sulfide and colority were 68.0%,43.1%,55.1%,96.7% and 84.3%,respectively,with the initial concentrations 2413.1 mg/L,223.4 mg/L,1000.4 mg/L,112.3 mg/L and 256 dilution times,respectively.The absorbance spectra and energy consumption during electrocoagulation process were also discussed.     

高效生物吸附剂处理含铬废水

将菌株(R32)和复合菌群(Fh01)2种生物吸附剂与活性污泥进行复合使用,观察了柱式生物曝气法对高浓度含铬模拟水样和含铬电镀废水的生物吸附效果.结果表明,这2种吸附剂性能稳定,对进水pH值适应范围广,当pH值为1.0～7.0时,R32对50.0mg/L铬的去除率达71%～86%;当pH值为1.0～5.0时,Fh01对铬的去除率均在60%以上.R32对铬浓度、进水速度、处理时间等因素均具有较好的适应性.而Fh01对低浓度含铬废水的处理效率高,当总Cr浓度为5.0～20.0mg/L时,对铬的去除率达100%.R32和Fh01串联曝气处理效果理想,吸附2h后,对总Cr,Cu2+,CODCr浓度分别为78.3,2.29,45.0mg/L的电镀废水的去除率分别高达94.0%,99.2%,74.5%.     

Optimizing electrocoagulation process for the treatment of biodiesel wastewater using response surface methodology

The production of biodiesel through a transesterification method produces a large amount of wastewater that contains high levels of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and oil and grease (O&G). Currently, flotation is the conventional primary treatment for O&G removal prior to biological treatments. In this study, electrocoagulation (EC) was adopted to treat the biodiesel wastewater. The e ects of initial pH, applied voltage, and reaction time on the EC process for the removal of COD, O&G, and suspended solids (SS) were investigated using one factor at a time experiment. Furthermore, the Box-Behnken design, an experimental design for response surface methodology (RSM), was used to create a set of 15 experimental runs needed for optimizing of the operating conditions. Quadratic regression models with estimated coe cients were developed to describe the pollutant removals. The experimental results show that EC could e ectively reduce COD, O&G, and SS by 55.43%, 98.42%, and 96.59%, respectively, at the optimum conditions of pH 6.06, applied voltage 18.2 V, and reaction time 23.5 min. The experimental observations were in reasonable agreement with the modeled values.     

Removal of antimony from antimony mine flotation wastewater by electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes

Antimony (Sb) has received increasing environmental concerns due to its potential toxic and carcinogenic properties. In the present work, the electrocoagulation technique was used to treat the flotation wastewater from a heavy antimony polluted area, and the mechanism of removing Sb was also investigated. The study focused on the effect of operation parameters such as current density, initial pH and standing time on the Sb removal efficiency. Antimony concentration of below 1 mg/L in the treated wastewater was achieved, which meets the emission standards established by State Department of Environmental Protection and State Administration of China for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine of China.     

氨化酒糟吸附剂去除电镀废水中六价铬研究

以酿酒过程中产生的酒糟为原料,制备得到氨化酒糟吸附剂,用于去除电镀废水中的六价铬〔Cr(Ⅵ)〕,利用FTIR、EDS、BET和SEM等对吸附剂组成和结构进行分析和表征,在不同的pH及吸附剂投加量条件下研究其对Cr(Ⅵ)吸附性能的影响。结果表明:氨化酒糟吸附剂表面引入了大量的氨基,氮元素占比达到4.40%,其比表面积增至25.67 m ²/g;当平衡pH为2.7时,Cr(Ⅵ)的饱和吸附量达到150.45 mg/g,平均吸附速率达到1 791.90 mg/(g·h);经过5次再生循环后,氨化酒糟吸附剂对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附量达到98.44 mg/g,吸附性能损失率仅为19.60%。     

Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing recalcitrant compounds in a Fenton-coagulation process

The advanced treatment using integrated Fenton＇s reaction and coagulation process was investigated in this study. Before the advancement, the pharmaceutical wastewater containing lincomycin hydrochloride was pretreated by UASB （upflow anaerobic sludge bed） and a SBR （sequencing batch reactor） process. The residual recalcitrant compounds, measured by gas chromatographymass spectrometry （GC-MS）, mainly consisted of alcohols, phenols, and nitrogenous and sulfur compounds. The experimental results indicated that when the Fenton＇s reaction was conducted at pH=3.0, H2O2CODOcr=0.27, H2O2/Fe^2＋=3：1 and 30 min of reaction time, and the coagulation process operated at a sulfate aluminum concentration of 800 mg/L and pH value of 5.0, the color and COD in the wastewater decreased by 94% and 73%, respectively; with a finale COD concentration of 267 mg/L and color level of 40 units, meeting the secondary standard of GB8978-1996 for industrial wastewater.     

有机黏土生物流化床处理对苯二甲酸废水

采用有机黏土为载体的两段三相生物流化床处理对苯二甲酸(TA),研究其处理有机污染物的能力.结果表明,在TA负荷低于3.5kg/(m3穌)时,有机黏土生物流化床能稳定运行,前段出水中TA和总有机碳(TOC)的去除率分别大于97%和96%.在高负荷时,有机黏土生物流化床平均去除率比不加黏土的活性污泥对照床高15%,出水水质也相对稳定.因此,有机黏土生物流化床是一种高效的生物反应器.     

基于RuO2-IrO2/Ti和Fe0电极的电氧化-电絮凝处理含Tl废水

基于RuO₂-IrO₂/Ti形稳电极和Fe⁰牺牲电极实现电氧化-电絮凝(EO-EC)一体化处理含Tl (I)废水,并与单一的电絮凝(EC)进行比较,探讨了EO-EC处理含Tl废水的机理.结果表明,相较于单一EC,EO-EC (1:1)组合技术适应于宽pH (4-10)以及电流密度范围(5-20mA/cm²)下含Tl废水高效处理,且不易发生钝化;活性氯以及氧化还原电位在Tl (I)间接氧化Tl (III)过程中扮演重要角色,沉淀分析表明生成的Tl (OH)_3(s)与絮体Fe (OH)_3(am)共沉淀,纤铁矿位点可吸附残留Tl (I).EO-EC一体化技术可满足实际含Tl废水达标处理(<2µg/L)且具有经济可行性.     

铁锈及Fe(OH)3处理硫酸盐废水厌氧方法试验

投加铁锈或Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３可明显改善含高浓度硫酸盐有机废水的厌氧处理能力，使趋于失败的升流式厌氧污泥床ＵＡＳＢ恢复正常工作对ＳＯ４２－为５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＣＯＤＣｒ为１５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ的合成脂肪酸废水，在水力停留时间为４ｄ，由４０％以下的ＣＯＤ去除率提高到投加铁锈或Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３后的７３％和８２％，出口ｐＨ值由５３上升到７３，产甲烷气量由０.３Ｌ／ｄ上升为２２Ｌ／ｄ.并提出了Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）３比铁锈在去除Ｓ２－干扰更有效，去除Ｓ２-干扰可使厌氧处理恢复正常     

水生植物在含Cr废水处理中的作用

通过利用水葫芦去除Cr废水中Cr的试验，研究了溶液中Cr浓度对其迁移的影响、植物处理时间对迁移的影响、植物是否存活对溶液中Cr的处理效果、水温变化对迁移的影响、pH值变化对迁移的影响。