以β-环糊精及其衍生物为手性选择剂毛细管电泳拆分几种药物的旋光对映体

在毛细管电泳中，采用β－环糊精（β－ＣＤ）及其衍生物为手性选择剂对扑尔敏、异丙嗪、二氧异丙嗪和氧氟沙星对映体进行了分离。优化了分离条件；讨论了环糊精空腔边缘与溶．质分子作用的基团的种类和分离效果的联系，通过计算手性分离的热力学常数比较了不同手性选择剂对扑尔敏对映体的分离能力。最后，讨论了乙腈在手性分离中的作用。     

以β—环糊精及其衍生物为手性选择性毛细管电泳拆分几种药物的旋光…

在毛细管电泳中，采用β－环糊精（β－ＣＤ）及其衍生物为手性选择剂对扑尔敏、异丙嗪、二氧异丙嗪和氧氟沙星对映体进行了分离。优化了分离条件；讨论了环糊精空腔边缘与溶质分子作用的基团的种类和分离效果的联系，通过计算手性分离的热力学常数比较了不同手性选择剂对扑尔敏对映体的分离能力。最后，讨论了乙腈在手性分离中的作用。     

基于非手性离子液体的毛细管电泳法拆分3种手性药物

建立了以非手性离子液体1-正丁基-3-甲基咪唑氯(［BMIM］Cl)为手性分离的添加剂、β-环糊精作为手性选择剂的毛细管区带电泳(CZE)分离扑尔敏、氯霉素前体和氧氟沙星3种对映体的方法,并与未添加［BMIM］Cl的CZE分离情况进行了对比研究。发现［BMIM］Cl对手性药物的拆分有协同作用,不仅能够增加对映体的分离度,还能有效地抑制毛细管内壁对样品分子的吸附作用,改善峰形。采用离子液体辅助手性选择剂(尤其是环糊精)的CZE改进方法,为其他毛细管电泳难以分离的手性药物的分离分析提供了新的方法。     

以2-O-单取代羟丙基β-环糊精用于毛细管电泳手性分离添加剂

本文研究了一种新的环糊精衍生物2－O－单取代羟丙基β－环糊精做为毛细管电泳手性分离添加剂时，对3种碱性药物对映体；扑尔敏，麻黄碱，心得安的拆分性能。并与β－环糊精，2．6－O－二甲基β－环糊精，多取代2－O－羟丙基β－环糊精的手性识别性能做了对比。     

超高效液相色谱串联质谱联用法快速测定生物样品中莽草毒素

建立了超高效液相色谱三重四极杆质谱法检测血浆、尿液、呕吐物和药材中八角属植物有毒倍半萜内酯标志物莽草毒素的检测方法.血浆样品经多重机制杂质吸附萃取净化柱萃取,尿液样品经硅藻土柱吸附叔丁基甲醚萃取、植物样品经叔丁基甲醚液液萃取,以水和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在UPLC BEH C18柱上实现分离,采用负离子ESI-MS...     

Chiral Separation and Optical Purity Determination of Naproxen and Its Esters by Capillary Electrophoresis with Sulfonated

以磺化β－环糊精作为手性分离添加剂,分别对萘普生、萘普生甲酯和萘普生氯乙酯进行了毛细管电泳手性分离研究,当以含40g/L的磺化β－环糊精的0.010mol/L的三羟甲基氨基甲烷－柠檬酸为缓冲液（pH5.0）时,上述3种化合物的手性分离度分别为2.19、2.60和1.99。手性化合物的出峰时间和校正峰面积的相对标准偏差分别为2.84％和6.26％,而两对映体的相对出峰时间和相对校正峰面积的相对标准偏差分别为0.52％和1.86％。对萘普生和萘普生氯乙酯的实际样品进行了光学纯度测定,测定结果与HPLC进行了比较。     

基于环糊精手性选择剂的几种手性药物对映体的毛细管电泳拆分

以环糊精(-αCD、-βCD和-γCD)为手性选择剂,采用毛细管电泳对扑尔敏、异丙嗪和二氧异丙嗪对映体进行了分离,考察了手性选择剂的浓度、缓冲液pH值及有机添加剂对手性分离的影响,并就拆分机理进行了初步探讨.     

树枝状碳硅烷涂层电色谱柱的制备及其评价

利用碳硅烷树枝状大分子末端SiCl键的高反应活性和多官能团性,将β-环糊精固定到毛细管柱上,制备了一种新型的手性毛细管电色谱柱。本涂层柱性能稳定,使用寿命长,经过1个月的连续运行,柱效能损失率低于5%。优化分离条件,采取16kV分离电压、检测波长214nm、10cm位差进样7s和40mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲体系,分离扑尔敏、盐酸异丙嗪和苯丙胺手性异构体,其中G2P代柱子对扑尔敏分离柱效达到2.5×105Plates/m,分离度RS=1.43,基线分离,取得了较满意的分离效果。     

萘普生及其酯类的手性分离和光学纯度测定

以磺化β－ 环糊精作为手性分离添加剂, 分别对萘普生、萘普生甲酯和萘普生氯乙酯进行了毛细管电泳手性分离研究, 当以含４０ ｇ／Ｌ 的磺化β－ 环糊精的０ ．０１０ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ 的三羟甲基氨基甲烷－ 柠檬酸为缓冲液（ｐＨ５．０） 时,上述３ 种化合物的手性分离度分别为２ ．１９ 、２ ．６０ 和１ ．９９ 。 手性化合物的出峰时间和校正峰面积的相对标准偏差分别为２ ．８４ ％ 和６ ．２６％ , 而两对映体的相对出峰时间和相对校正峰面积的相对标准偏差分别为０ ．５２ ％和１ ．８６ ％ 。 对萘普生和萘普生氯乙酯的实际样品进行了光学纯度测定, 测定结果与ＨＰＬＣ 进行了比较。     

明胶／β—环糊精聚醚作为手性分离剂在毛细管区带电泳中的应用研究

合成了在水中溶解度大的手性分离剂－明胶／β－环糊精聚醚在毛细管区带电泳中作分离手性化合物的缓冲溶液添加剂。以２－硝基苯基－２氨基－３－羟基丙酮和天冬氨酸异构体作测试样品，实验结果表明，ＧＣＤＰ对光学异构体有很好的识别作用。     

高效液相色谱-间接光度检测法测定体液中西梭霉素

采用高效液相色谱－间接光度检测法（ＨＰＬＣ－ＩＰＤ）,在流动相中加入具有紫外检测响应的检测剂烟酰胺,用紫外检测器直接测定体液中无紫外吸收的西梭霉素含量。固定相为ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１８,流动相为甲醇－乙腈－水（２０∶１０∶７０）,内含磷酸０．０５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、烟酰胺０．５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ、庚烷磺酸钠５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ。血清样品中西梭霉素平均回收率为９６．９２％±４．６３％,日内和日间变异系数分别为４．７５％和５．６５％。     

Simultaneous analysis of six inorganic anions in urine by double-suppress ion-exchange chromatography

This study is aimed to establish a simple, rapid, and accurate ion chromatography approach for the simultaneous detection of six inorganic anions in urine. Various performance parameters affecting the determination of anions were optimized, including the selection of sample protein precipitation agent, eluent, and flow rate. The final eluent was 3.6 mmol/L sodium carbonate and 12% isopropanol with a flow rate of 0.6 mL/min. Acetonitrile was used for pretreatment to precipitate proteins, and the volume ratio of urine to acetonitrile was 1:4. The correlation coefficient of the target anion calibration curve ranged from 0.9973 to 0.9999. The limit of detection ranged from 1.50 to 12.0 μg/L, and the method detection limit ranged from 15.0 to 120 μg/L. The standard recovery rate for low, medium, and high concentrations ranged from 90 to 110%. The inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations were <5%. The method has high accuracy and good reproducibility and is suitable for the separation and determination of anions in urine.     

胶束电动色谱-激光诱导荧光检测法测定肌松弛药巴氯芬

以4-氯-7-硝基苯并-2-氧杂-1,3-二唑(NBD-Cl)为柱前衍生试剂,建立了胶束电动色谱-激光诱导荧光检测法测定肌松弛药巴氯芬(BAL)的新方法。经过实验条件的优化,采用15 mmol/L硼砂、20 mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠、10%(v/v)乙腈、pH 9.75的缓冲体系,在分离电压为17.5 kV、柱温为25 ℃的条件下,压力进样3.45 kPa(0.5 psi)×3 s,巴氯芬及其内标物的衍生产物在7 min内实现较好的基线分离,线性范围为0.025～25 mg/L,相关系数为0.9999,检出限(S/N=3)和定量限(S/N=10)分别为0.90 μg/L和6.25 μg/L。该方法被应用于巴氯芬制剂及加入巴氯芬对照品的尿液样品分析,回收率范围分别为101.6%～107.9%和107.0%～109.6%。该方法有望应用于巴氯芬药物制剂的质量监控以及为巴氯芬药物代谢的研究提供辅助手段。     

Capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection for the determination of urinary ethylmalonic acid for the diagnosis of ethylmalonic aciduria

Ethylmalonic acid is a metabolic organic acid, and its accumulation in urine is diagnostic of ethylmalonic aciduria. In this study, a simple and fast method employing capillary electrophoresis equipped with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection was developed for the detection of ethylmalonic acid in urine samples. The optimized electrophoretic separation was performed in 50 mmol/L 2‐(N‐morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid solution, buffered at a pH of 6.5, and contained 0.13 mmol/L cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as an electroosmotic modifier. Electrophoresis was run at 28 kV in reversed polarity. The linear range of ethylmalonic acid concentration was between 1 and 100 mg/L with a regression coefficient of 0.9998. This method had good intra‐ and interday precision with <5% relative standard deviations. The detection limit (signal‐to‐noise ratio = 3) and the quantification limit (signal‐to‐noise ratio = 10) values were 0.139 and 0.466 mg/L, respectively. Using our optimized conditions, the method was successfully employed for the detection of ethylmalonic acid in urine sample of ethylmalonic aciduria patient.     

Investigations of Thallium(Ⅰ) Underpotential Deposition on the Silver Rotating Disk Electrode and Its Analytical Application

Ｔｈａｌｌｉｕｍｉｓａｔｏｘｉｃｍｅｔａｌ.Ｂｅｃａｕｓｅｉｔｓｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｉｎｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌａｎｄｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｓａｍ ｐｌｅｓｉｓｉｎｔｈｅ 1ｎｇ/ｇｒａｎｇｅｏｒｌｅｓｓ[1] ,ｉｔｉｓｄｉｆｆｉｃｕｌｔｔｏｄｅｔｅｒｍｉｎｅｔｈｅｍｅｔａｌｂｙｕｓｉｎｇｃｏｎｖｅｎｔｉｏｎａｌｅｌｅｃｔｒｏａｎａｌｙｓｉｓｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ .Ｄｉｆｆｅｒｅｎｔｉａｌｐｕｌｓｅａｎｏｄｉｃｓｔｒｉｐｐｉｎｇｖｏｌｔａｍｍｅｔｒｙ(ＤＰＡＳＶ )ｉｓａｓｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｅｍｅｔｈｏｄｆｏｒ…     

A rapid urine creatinine assay by capillary zone electrophoresis.

Using capillary zone electrophoresis, the urine creatinine (uCr) assay was validated in extemporaneous diluted urine, both in healthy subjects and athletes, with the uCr concentration as a reference value to compare excretion rates of other metabolites in the same samples. The electrokinetic sample injection was carried out at 10 kV per 10 s; UV absorbance detection was at 254 nm. Using standard samples, the creatinine migration mean time in 100 mmol/L acetate buffer, pH 4.4, was 3.3+/-0.2 min; the repeatability for absolute migration mean time was 0.6% and peak height repeatability was 2.9%. The correlation coefficient of the standard curve was r = 0.999 and the detection limit was 23.1 micromol/L. Intra- and interassay coefficients of variation (CV) were 3.0 and 3.6%, respectively; recovery was 99+/-3% and linearity was r= 0.98. Normal urine samples were diluted 1:80 in run buffer. The present CE urine creatinine assay showed a good correlation with HPLC and with Jaffe methods (r = 0.98 and r = 0.97, respectively; p < 0.0001). The uCr in the morning urine samples of 34 healthy males (M), 38 healthy females (F), and 83 male athletes (A) was 10.4+/-6.1 mmol/L, 10.8+/-8.1 mmol/L and 13.2+/-6.5 mmol/L, respectively. The uCr difference (p < 0.02) between M and A and a correlation (p < 0.05) with age in A were observed.     

对巯基苯硼酸修饰石英晶体微天平传感器用于测定唾液酸

硼酸与二醇的脱水缩合反应已被广泛用于检测或富集顺式邻位多羟基化合物. 本文以对巯基苯硼酸(MPBA)自组装修饰石英晶体微天平(QCM)芯片, 基于硼酸根对唾液酸的特殊反应, 建立了检测唾液酸(SA)的新方法. 采用扫描电子显微镜表征了对巯基苯硼酸对石英晶体微天平的功能化修饰过程, 并研究了溶液pH值对芯片表面亲和力的影响. 实验结果表明, 随着pH值的降低, 修饰芯片对唾液酸的结合能力增强, 而对参照物葡萄糖的结合能力则降低. 在pH=4.0的条件下, 该传感器在0.50~5.0 mmol/L范围内对唾液酸有很好的线性响应, 相关系数为0.9950, 检出限为0.15 mmol/L. 此传感器提供了一种简易的唾液酸检测方法, 为实际样品的测定奠定了基础.     

毛细管电泳中移动反应界面法富集和检测尿样中的氧化苦参碱

采用建立在移动反应界面理论上的体系进行尿样中氧化苦参碱的富集与定量检测。与传统的毛细管电泳相比,体系中引入了富集缓冲溶液(富集相)和分离缓冲溶液(分离相)。优化的条件如下:样品缓冲溶液为20 mmol/L 甲酸钠(用氨水调节pH至10.70),富集缓冲溶液为40 mmol/L 甲酸-甲酸钠(pH 2.60),分离缓冲溶液为100 mmol/L 甲酸-甲酸钠(pH 4.80);样品相压力进样1.4 kPa×3 min,富集相压力进样1.4 kPa×7 min,紫外检测波长210 nm,电压21 kV。氧化苦参碱在2.2~65 mg/L的质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9991),检出限为0.74 mg/L,灵敏度比常规毛细管电泳方法提高约70倍,重现性良好。该方法已经成功地应用于尿样中氧化苦参碱的检测。     

Development of a fast capillary electrophoresis method for determination of creatinine in urine samples

The aim of this work was to develop a fast method using capillary electrophoresis for the determination of creatinine in human urine samples. The pH and constituents of the background electrolyte were selected by inspection of effective mobility of creatinine and candidate urine interferents versus pH curves. The tendency of the analyte to undergo electromigration dispersion and the buffer capacity were evaluated by the Peakmaster software and considered in the optimization of the background electrolyte, composed by 10 mmol L(-1) tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and 20 mmol L(-1) 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid (HIBA) at pH 3.93. Separation was conducted in a fused-silica capillary (32 cm total length and 8.5 cm effective length, 50 microm I.D.), with short-end injection configuration and direct UV detection at 215 nm. The migration time of creatinine was only 22s. A few figures of merit of the method are as follows: good linearity in the concentration interval of 5-70 mg L(-1) (R(2)>0.99), limit of detection of 0.5 mg L(-1), inter-day precision better than 2.7% (n=9) and recovery in the range 99.0-103.7% at three concentration levels (50, 100 and 150 mg L(-1)). Urine samples were prepared by deproteination with acetonitrile (1:3 sample:acetonitrile, v/v), centrifugation and dilution of a deproteinated aliquot with 12.5 mmol L(-1) HIBA (1:4, v/v). Creatinine concentrations between 489 and 1063 mg L(-1) were obtained in the urine of four healthy volunteers.     

离子色谱安培法测定尿液中的胱氨酸

建立离子色谱安培法检测尿液中胱氨酸的分析方法。将尿液稀释处理后,过OnGuardⅡRP前处理柱,去除尿液中的有机物,选用低容量阳离子交换柱IonPac CS17进行分离,以甲烷磺酸梯度淋洗,柱后用300 mmol/L NaOH溶液衍生,离子色谱脉冲安培法检测,外标法定量。胱氨酸的质量浓度在0.1~5.0 mg/L范围内与其色谱峰面积呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r^2=0.999 9,检出限为0.05 mg/L。测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.71%(n=6),样品加标回收率为94%~108%。该方法具有操作简单,专属性强,灵敏度高等优点,可用于临床快速检测尿液中的胱氨酸。