等离子喷涂WC/Co疏水涂层

超疏水涂层的耐磨性是限制其应用的重要因素。利用等离子喷涂结合十七氟癸基三甲氧基硅烷(FAS-17)的表面化学修饰制备出接近超疏水的WC/Co硬质合金涂层。结果表明:涂层的静态接触角最高达到147°;随着喷涂功率的增加,涂层接触角略微有所增加;拉曼光谱和XPS分析表明,FAS-17链通过水解及缩合反应成功枝接到涂层的表面;激光共聚焦显微镜(LSCM)观察发现,涂层表面粗糙度Ra为7.9μm;通过等离子火焰氧化处理后,涂层表面新生成的氧化物为WO_3,它能够提高涂层的疏水性能。最后,通过砂纸摩擦试验发现,其疏水性涂层表现出良好的耐磨性;水滴冲蚀测试发现,涂层有一定的耐雨淋性能。     

聚四氟乙烯/Al3O2-TiO2复合涂层的制备及其疏水性能研究

目的 在铝合金表面制备耐磨、耐蚀、高结合强度的疏水涂层。方法 采用大气等离子喷涂(APS)在铝合金基体上制备AT(Al3O2-Ti O2)涂层,在AT涂层上采用溶胶-凝胶法制备聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)面层,借助扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、3D形貌仪、接触角测试仪等仪器对涂层的显微结构、成分、粗糙度、接触角进行表征。结果 喷距为120 mm、电流为680 A、送粉量为18 g/min的条件下,实心AT涂层和空心AT涂层表面粗糙度为6.99μm、6.13μm,孔隙率为5.88%、15.18%,硬度为945.82HV0.3、768.1HV0.3,与基体的结合强度为32 MPa、28 MPa,实心AT涂层与PTFE涂层的结合强度为19 MPa。实心PTFE/AT复合涂层与水的静态接触角最大可达130.9°,PTFE涂层表面含有氟化物和硅化物。结论 实心粉末AT涂层表面粗糙度较大,综合性能优于空心粉末AT涂层,因此,将实心AT涂层作为复合涂层的底层。实心PTFE/AT复合涂层具有与荷叶表面相仿的微纳米二元粗糙结构,具有良好的疏水性能,疏水性能与表面含氟物质的疏水基团以及低表面能的二元粗糙结构相关。     

电学参数对电爆炸喷涂高碳钢涂层性能的影响

在铝合金圆筒内表面进行了相同喷涂能量密度而不同电压与电容组合下电爆炸制备高碳钢涂层的实验.通过对高碳钢丝上的能量加载情况进行分析,并利用扫描电镜、维氏硬度仪等检测手段对涂层进行研究.结果表明:当喷涂能量密度一定时,低电压、高电容组合中用于高碳钢丝爆炸喷涂的能量较多,所制备的涂层平均厚度、表面粗糙度和平均硬度均较小;高电压、低电容组合中用于高碳钢丝爆炸喷涂的能量较少,所制备的涂层平均厚度、表面粗糙度和平均硬度均较大.     

管约束钼丝电爆喷涂涂层特性

采用连续送丝的管约束电爆喷涂方法,进行钼丝的电爆喷涂实验,分析不同初始充电电压和喷涂距离所得涂层的结合强度,以及涂层表面形貌和截面特征。结果表明:在一定的喷涂距离范围内,可获得完全由液态金属撞击基体表面形成的液态喷涂层。根据VDI3198检测标准,液态喷涂层的结合强度属于HF-1～HF-3级。随着喷涂距离的增加,喷涂材料中掺杂的固相颗粒增多,所得涂层的结合强度变小。初始充电电压升高,获得液态喷涂层的最大喷涂距离减小。     

AH32钢表面等离子喷涂制备疏水涂层及其耐腐蚀性能研究

目的提高AH32海洋用钢表面的疏水性及耐蚀性,并给出最佳性能的喷涂涂层成分。方法采用大气等离子喷涂技术,在AH32钢表面制备了三种不同成分的涂层。利用微量进样器结合半球法测量了涂层的接触角,并利用Qwen-Wendt公式对涂层的表面能进行了计算,利用扫描电子显微镜观察涂层的表面形貌,利用表面粗糙度仪测量涂层的表面粗糙度,利用冲刷实验及电化学工作站测量了不同涂层的耐蚀性能,并讨论了不同涂层的疏水机制及相应的腐蚀机理。结果等离子喷涂涂层显著改善了AH32钢的疏水性能。相比而言,等离子喷涂Co基涂层及等离子喷涂Ni基涂层与水的静态接触角达到了130°以上,均具有较好的疏水效果。三种涂层均明显改善了AH32钢的耐海水冲刷腐蚀能力,其中AH32钢基体腐蚀30d后的失重为1.68×10^-2 g/cm^2,等离子喷涂Ni基涂层的腐蚀失重最小,约为4.2×10^-3 g/cm^2。极化曲线测试结果也表明,三种涂层的自腐蚀电位较基体提高了300 mV左右,并且腐蚀电流密度较基体降低了1个数量级以上,另外Co基涂层的腐蚀电流密度高于Ni基涂层的腐蚀电流密度,因此Co基涂层在腐蚀过程中表面会产生较多的羟基基团,导致其与水的静态接触角降低,最终导致其疏水性能下降。结论等离子喷涂Ni基涂层的疏水性能最好,腐蚀速率最小,耐冲刷腐蚀性能最佳,与基体相比,其腐蚀失重减小了1.26×10^-2 g/cm^2。     

金属喷涂、堆焊与修复：金属喷涂工艺与设备

电弧喷涂工艺参数对Zn-Al伪合金制模涂层性能的影响；工艺参数对超音速电弧喷涂钛-铝涂层表面粗糙度的影响；铁基含TiC陶瓷粉电弧喷涂粉芯丝材的研究；电弧喷涂Fe基非晶硬质涂层的组织及性能研究；高速电弧喷涂FeCrNi／CBN粉芯丝材的研制与性能研究.     

含氟丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层的环境失效行为研究

目的研究含氟丙烯酸聚氨酯涂层作为船壳清漆,在光老化过程中疏水性能和防护性能的失效行为。方法通过接触角、傅里叶变换衰减全反射红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)、原子力显微镜(AFM)形貌,结合交流阻抗(EIS),研究涂层在室内外大气暴露环境、氙灯加速老化试验环境中的老化过程。结果光老化可以使涂层接触角显著降低,疏水性能下降。ATR-FTIR和AFM分析表明,光老化使涂层表面氟含量显著降低,氧含量升高,表面粗糙度增大。与中性盐雾试验相比,氙灯加速老化试验中涂层电阻衰减速度更快。结论光老化过程中,涂层表面分子链断裂使涂层表面氟含量降低,疏水性下降,同时涂层电阻随老化时间延长而降低。     

医用Ti-6Al-4V合金表面超疏水涂层的制备及生物学性能

采用微弧氧化技术和氟硅烷修饰在医用Ti-6Al-4V合金表面构建超疏水涂层。考察微弧氧化电压对涂层表面形貌及粗糙度的影响,分析微弧氧化和超疏水涂层的相组成及元素化学状态以探讨超疏水表面的形成机制。初步研究超疏水试样的细胞毒性和抗菌性能。结果表明,随着微弧氧化电压的增加,涂层的表面粗糙度增大,而显微结构均匀性在440V最佳。经疏水处理后,试样的表面粗糙度较微弧氧化试样有所下降,而接触角随着电压的增加而先增大后减小,在440 V时获得最大值154.9°。微弧氧化涂层主要由锐钛矿及少量金红石TiO2相组成,并含有大量的–OH和一些磷的化合物,而超疏水试样表面存在大量的CF3、CF2和Si-O基团。全氟辛基三氯硅烷通过水解和脱水反应将氟硅烷嫁接于微弧氧化涂层上而形成超疏水表面。超疏水试样属于1级无毒材料,其细胞增殖率与Ti-6Al-4V合金无显著差异。此外,超疏水试样还具有一定的抗菌性,相对微弧氧化试样,其抗菌率可达93.03%。     

修饰不同微结构对疏水性表面浸润性的影响

目的研究修饰微结构对疏水性材料表面浸润性的影响并指导制备超疏水表面。方法基于有限元软件建立了水滴在修饰不同微结构的疏水性表面的润湿模型,通过水滴表观接触角衡量分析了疏水材料表面修饰单一粗糙结构和复合粗糙结构对疏水性提升的效果,利用硅树脂掺杂微粒制备了不同粗糙度的疏水性涂层,涂层固化后测试其实际接触角大小,并与仿真结果对比。结果仿真结果显示,对水滴接触角为100°的表面修饰单一粗糙结构后,由于微结构形成的凹槽滞留空气,阻碍了水滴在表面铺展,使得水滴在表面的接触角增大至133°。在原微结构基础上修饰更小一级的微结构后,水滴在表面的接触角达168°,材料表面达到超疏水效果。实验中,随涂层表面粗糙度的提升,水滴在表面的接触角逐渐增大,掺混两种微粒的疏水涂层固化后,表面形成复合微观结构,水滴接触角达162°,与仿真结果拟合较好。结论在疏水性表面修饰微结构可显著提升其表面疏水性,修饰复合结构后可达到超疏水效果,此方法可用于实际工程制备超疏水表面。     

280 简易快速的表面超疏水涂层制备及其性能

目的 低成本简易快速地制备出耐腐蚀超疏水涂层,并研究表面喷砂对超疏水涂层的影响。方法 利用喷砂和抛光这2种表面处理方式和喷涂工艺在5050铝合金板基体表面构建出具有多级结构的超疏水表面。通过润湿性、电化学腐蚀、耐磨性、浸泡耐久性和自清洁测试等试验,分别评价制备样品表面的润湿性、耐海水腐蚀、耐磨性、耐长时间浸泡性能和自清洁性能,并通过扫描电子显微镜和能谱仪对表面形貌和元素成分进行分析。结果 制备的样品表面具有优异的超疏水性能。在30次喷涂次数下,喷砂基底的涂层表面的水滴静态接触角为(153.9±1)°,动态滚动角为(2.99±0.5)°。电化学腐蚀测试结果表明,喷涂氟硅树脂/SiO2涂层可以有效增强铝合金表面的耐腐蚀性能。试验中,样品在25次砂纸摩擦后,抛光基底的涂层表面的接触角为(97±1)°,喷砂基底的涂层表面的接触角为(102.4±1)°。样品在NaCl溶液浸泡10 d后,抛光基底的涂层表面的接触角为(69.4±1)°,喷砂基底的涂层表面的接触角为(113.7±1)°。结论 所制备的喷砂和抛光基体在经过不同次数的喷涂氟硅树脂/SiO2复合涂料后具备超疏水性能,且喷砂基底的涂层表面具有更低的滚动角。涂层修饰的表面在NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能随着喷涂次数的提升而增强。在相同的喷涂条件下,喷砂处理基体能提高超疏水表面的耐腐蚀性、耐磨性和耐久性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.