全髋关节置换治疗髋关节发育不良伴骨性关节炎

目的探讨不同分度的髋关节发育不良伴骨性关节炎患者进行关节置换的处理方法。方法对32例成人髋关节发育不良伴骨性关节炎患者(35髋)进行全髋关节置换。结果患者均获随访,时间7个月~5年。Harris评分从术前25~60分提高到75~98分。末次随访时髋关节功能:优25髋,良8髋,可2髋,优良率为94%。X线示无假体松动迹象。结论全髋关节置换是治疗髋关节发育不良伴骨性关节炎的良好方法,可以解决关节疼痛,恢复关节功能。     

全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节发育不良并骨性关节炎

目的探讨全髋关节置换技术治疗髋关节发育不良并骨性关节炎的临床效果。方法对19例(22髋)髋关节发育不良并骨性关节炎患者进行全髋关节置换术。对手术时间、术中出血量、髋关节功能及畸形矫正情况进行分析。结果手术时间60～110(85.2±11.8)min,术中出血量300～1 200(650.3±157.7)ml。髋关节Harris评分由术前平均47.65±7.85分提高至86.54±6.30分。短缩肢体延长1.5～4.0 cm。19例均获随访,时间14～42个月,随访期内影像学显示假体位置正常;关节活动度满意。2例患者仍遗留轻度跛行。结论全髋关节置换技术治疗髋关节发育不良并骨性关节炎能显著改善髋关节功能,纠正髋关节畸形,近期疗效满意。     

全髋关节置换术治疗先天性髋关节发育不良

目的: 探讨全髋关节置换治疗成人先天性髋关节发育不良的手术方法和疗效。方法: 对 25例 28髋成人先天性髋关节发育不良继发骨性关节炎患者行全髋关节置换术。结果:刀口均Ⅰ期愈合。经 13个月~6年, 平均 27个月随访, Harris评分 87分 (术前 46分 ), 优 5髋、良 19髋、中 4髋,优良率为 85. 7%。结论: 全髋关节置换术是治疗成人先天性髋关节发育不良继发骨性关节炎的有效方法。     

成人髋关节发育不良继发骨性关节炎的全髋置换术治疗

目的 评价全髋关节置换术(THA)在成人髋关节发育不良继发骨性关节炎中的治疗效果.方法 采用THA治疗成人髋关节发育不良28例(32髋).遵照Hartofilakidis分类法对患髋的严重程度进行分类;使用Harris髋关节评分对患者的置换后髋关节进行功能评估.结果 患者平均Harris髋关节功能评分从术前的30.5分提高到术后的84分,优良率为82.1%.Trendelenburg征阳性患者从术前的28例下降到术后的8例.结论 THA是治疗成人髋关节发育不良继发骨性关节炎的有效手段,但须严格掌握手术适应证.需要考虑外展肌的平衡、软组织的松解、髋臼骨缺损的处理及假体的选择、肢体短缩畸形的矫正以及术后的功能康复.     

髋关节骨性关节炎的临床特征与全髋置换术

目的 探讨髋关节骨性关节炎的临床特征及全髋关节置换术的疗效。方法 明确诊断髋关节骨性关节炎81例，其中男49例，女32例，年龄48～72岁，平均55岁。14例髋关节置换术中，其中2例行双侧全髋置换术。术前Harris评分平均51分(38～64分)。结果 81例髋关节骨性关节炎据临床特征均得到确诊。术后14例病人均无髋脱位，髋关节疼痛消失。X线平片示假体位置良好。术后平均随访28个月(6～76个月)，患者Harris评分平均85分(81～88分)。结论 对髋关节骨性关节炎患者只要根据其临床特征和采取正确的诊断方法及标准，均能确诊。对髋关节骨性关节炎晚期病人，采取正确的全髋置换技术，均能恢复患者的髋关节功能，提高生活质量。     

髋关节骨性关节炎的临床特征与全髋置换术

目的　探讨髋关节骨性关节炎的临床特征及全髋关节置换术的疗效。方法　明确诊断髋关节骨性关节炎 81例 ,其中男4 9例 ,女 32例 ,年龄 4 8～ 72岁 ,平均 5 5岁。 1 4例髋关节置换术中 ,其中 2例行双侧全髋置换术。术前Harris评分平均 5 1分 (38～ 6 4分 )。结果　 81例髋关节骨性关节炎据临床特征均得到确诊。术后 1 4例病人均无髋脱位 ,髋关节疼痛消失。X线平片示假体位置良好。术后平均随访 2 8个月 (6～ 76个月 ) ,患者Harris评分平均 85分 (81～ 88分 )。结论　对髋关节骨性关节炎患者只要根据其临床特征和采取正确的诊断方法及标准 ,均能确诊。对髋关节骨性关节炎晚期病人 ,采取正确的全髋置换技术 ,均能恢复患者的髋关节功能 ,提高生活质量     

髋部骨折内固定术后继发创伤性髋关节骨性融合的全髋关节置换

[目的]探讨采用全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节创伤性骨性融合的临床疗效及异位骨化处理与防治对策。[方法]回顾性分析本院2010年8月~2013年10月采用生物型全髋关节置换治疗髋部复杂性骨折切开复位内固定术后继发创伤性髋关节骨性融合8例患者的临床资料。8例均为男性;年龄(23~49)岁,平均35.8岁。采用股骨颈楔形截骨解除髋关节骨性融合状态,在C型臂X线机透视下定位髋臼旋转中心,髋臼锉进行髋臼研磨后采用合适的髋臼前倾角置入髋臼假体。以髋关节Harris评分评价术前及术后末次随访时的髋关节功能。[结果]术后随访时间15~48个月,平均28.5个月。术前髋关节Harris评分平均(22.7±3.7)分,术后末次随访时Harris评分平均(93.8±5.2)分,差异有统计学意义(t=31.32,P=0.00)。术中未发生骨折及神经、血管损伤等并发症。[结论]全髋关节置换术治疗髋臼骨折术后继发创伤性髋关节骨性融合可获满意近期疗效。采用股骨颈楔形截骨可安全、有效地解除髋关节骨性融合状态。选择适配的生物型人工髋关节假体并以合理的角度安装,最终获得一个稳定的、具有正常解剖位置的人工全髋关节。     

全髋关节置换术治疗先天性髋关节脱位

目的 :探讨全髋关节置换术治疗成人先天性髋关节脱位伴骨性关节炎的经验。方法 :从 1996年 9月～2 0 0 3年 2月 ,对 14例 (2 0髋 )成人先天性髋关节脱位伴骨性关节炎患者 ,进行了全髋关节置换。其中双侧 10例 ,单侧 4例。病人全是女性 ,平均年龄 45岁 (3 5～ 67岁 )。双侧全髋置换 6例 ,单侧 8例。结果 :术后伤口均一期愈合 ,随访 6个月～ 6年 ,平均 4年 8个月 ;平均Harris评分由术前的 3 2 43分恢复到术后 1年的 90 15分。截止目前无 1例翻修。术后 6个月 ,患者均能下地行走 ,生活自理且恢复日常工作。结论 :全髋关节置换术是治疗成人先天性髋关节脱位伴骨性关节炎的有效方法 ,但手术难度较大。对于此类病人 ,充分理解全髋置换的复杂性和细致周密的治疗方案是成功的关键。     

不同程度髋关节发育不良继发骨性关节炎的全髋关节置换术疗效分析

[目的]探讨全髋关节置换术治疗髋关节发育不良继发骨性关节炎的术后效果及髋关节发育不良的严重程度对于术疗效的影响.[方法]对47例(55髋)髋关节发育不良继发骨性关节炎的患者进行全髋关节置换术.其中Crowe Ⅰ型23髋;Ⅱ型19髋;Ⅲ/Ⅳ型共13髋.术前应用影像学方法评估髋臼和股骨的形态学变化,术中髋臼重建在真臼位置,逐渐扩大股骨髓腔,选用细而直的股骨假体.术前和术后对术侧髋关节行Harris髋关节评分.[结果]Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ/Ⅳ型患者Harris髋关节评分分别由术前的50.7±7.6、44.9±6.2和41.1±8.2增加到术后的90.6±3.7、87.3±4.5和82.7±7.3,和术前比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).Harris髋关节评分分级显示,Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ/Ⅳ型髋关节术后分级在良以上的关节分别占本组髋关节的100%、100%和69%,优分别为70%、53%和31%.随访23～81个月,平均45个月,关节假体稳定,关节功能正常.[结论]全髋关节置换术是治疗髋关节发育不良继发骨性关节炎的有效方法,Crowe Ⅰ和Ⅱ型患者术后效果优于Ⅲ/Ⅳ型.     

采用带有非骨水泥型Wagner股骨柄假体的人工全髋关节置换治疗先天性髋关节发育不良

与普通髋关节骨性关节炎相比,继发于髋关节发育不良的髋关节骨性关节炎的人工髋关节置换术更具有挑战性.发育不良的髋臼、过度前倾的股骨颈以及狭窄的股骨髓腔都增加了髋关节发育不良行关节置换的手术难度.     

Total hip arthroplasty for congenital hip disease

BACKGROUND: It is generally agreed that the clinical and radiographic results of total hip replacement performed for degenerative arthritis secondary to congenital hip disease vary depending on the severity of the anatomical abnormality. In this study, we report the mid-term and long-term clinical and radiographic results of total hip arthroplasty performed for each of the three different types of congenital hip disease. METHODS: Between 1976 and 1994, the senior author performed 229 consecutive primary total hip arthroplasties in 168 patients with osteoarthritis secondary to congenital hip disease. Seventy-six hips were dysplastic, sixty-nine had a low dislocation, and eighty-four had a high dislocation. The Charnley low-friction technique was performed in 178 hips, and the so-called hybrid technique was performed in forty-six hips. Cementless arthroplasty was used in only five hips. RESULTS: After a minimum of seven years of follow-up, the rates of revision of the acetabular components were 15% in the dysplastic hips, 21% in the hips with a low dislocation, and 14% in those with a high dislocation. The rates of revision of the femoral components were 14%, 14%, and 16%, respectively. Survivorship analysis predicted an overall rate of prosthetic survival at fifteen years of 88.8% +/- 4.8% in the dysplastic hips, 73.9% +/- 7.2% in the hips with a low dislocation, and 76.4% +/- 8.1% in those with a high dislocation. CONCLUSIONS: An understanding of the anatomical abnormalities and the use of appropriate techniques and implants make total hip arthroplasty feasible for treatment of the three types of congenital hip disease. In patients with a low dislocation, the major technical problem is reconstruction of the natural acetabulum. In those with a high dislocation, the challenge is to place the acetabular component inside the reconstructed true acetabulum and to use an appropriate femoral implant in the hypoplastic narrow femoral diaphysis.     

Total hip arthroplasty for developmental hip dysplasia

We reviewed 38 hip replacements in 33 female patients (mean age 55.3 years) with developmental hip dysplasia. One patient had died and the remaining 32 patients (36 hips) had a mean follow-up of 12.2 years (range 8–19 years). All hips were replaced using the Müller cemented implant, and in 32 hips bulk femoral head autograft was used. In 33 hips the socket was reconstructed at the level of the true acetabulum. Complications included one intra-operative femoral fracture and two early dislocations. Correction of leg length discrepancy was possible in 30 patients. The post-operative mean modified Merle d’Aubigne and Postel scores for pain, movement and walking were 5.9, 5, and 5.3 respectively. One cup was revised due to aseptic loosening at ten years. All grafts united, but minor graft resorption was noticed in 24 hips, moderate in 2 hips and major in 1 hip.

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Résumé Nous avons examiné 38 remplacements prothétiques de la hanche chez 33 femmes (age moyen 55,3 ans) avec une dysplasie de la hanche. Une patiente était décédée et les 32 autres (36 hanches) avaient un suivi moyen de 12,2 ans ( 8 à 19). Toutes les hanches ont eu un implant type Müller cimenté et pour 32 une autogreffe massive de tête fémorale a été utilisé. Pour 33 hanches la cavité a été reconstruite au niveau du paléo-cotyle. Les complications comprenaient une fracture fémorale opératoire et deux luxations précoces. La correction de l’inégalité de longueur des membres inférieurs était obtenue chez 30 malades. Le score postopératoire modifié de Merle d’Aubigné et Postel pour la douleur, la mobilité et la marche étaient en moyenne de 5,9, 5 et 5,3 respectivement. Une cupule a été révisée pour un descellement aseptique à 10 ans. Toutes les greffes ont consolidé, mais une résorption mineure de la greffe a été remarquée dans 24 hanches, une résorption modéré dans deux hanches et majeure dans une.

     

The infected hip after total hip arthroplasty

We studied the cases of fifty-two patients with an infection at the site of a prosthetic total hip replacement, and are reporting the significant clinical features, infecting organisms, methods of treatment, and results at long-term follow-up. Forty-eight per cent of the hips had had an operation prior to the index arthroplasty, and 42 per cent had a wound complication. All patients had pain in the infected hip, but only 54 per cent had an erythrocyte sedimentation rate of more than thirty millimeters per hour, 44 per cent had fever, and 15 per cent had leukocytosis. In 88 per cent of the patients a single organism was grown on culture, and Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli were present in about 75 per cent. When antibiotic therapy alone was the initial treatment, the infection was eradicated in only one patient. Excisional arthroplasty was the definitive surgical procedure in thirty-three patients and the infection was eradicated in twenty-seven of them, but the clinical result was satisfactory in only twenty. Of ten patients who had a true Girdlestone arthroplasty, none had recurrence of the infection and all had a clinically satisfactory outcome.     

Total hip arthroplasty in the ankylosed hip

Altered biomechanics secondary to hip ankylosis often result in degeneration of the lumbar spine, ipsilateral knee, and contralateral hip and knee. Symptoms in these joints may be reduced with conversion total hip arthroplasty (THA) of the ankylosed hip. THA in the ankylosed hip is a technically challenging procedure, and the overall clinical outcome is generally less satisfactory than routine THA performed for osteoarthritis and other etiologies. Functional integrity of the hip abductor muscles is the most important predictor of walking ability following conversion THA. Many patients experience persistent limp, and it can take up to 2 years to fully assess final functional outcome. Risk factors cited for increased risk of failed THA include prior surgical ankylosis and age <50 years at the time of conversion THA.     

Total hip arthroplasty after hip joint ankylosis

Background

Back pain and knee pain are typical secondary degeneration symptoms after hip ankylosis. Take down of hip ankylosis and implantation of a total hip arthroplasty (THA) is believed to be a promising treatment option.

Methods

A total of 22 hip ankylosis patients [15 men, mean age 53.7 years (range 30–72 years); 7 women, mean age 50.8 years (range 42–61 years)] underwent THA during 1980–2000 after spontaneous (n = 10) or surgical (n = 12) fusion of the hip joint. The mean duration of ankylosis prior to THA was 32.5 years (range 2–61 years).

Results

At the mean follow-up of 13.2 years (range 2–19 years), the Harris hip score averaged 84.9 points (range 70.1–99.0 points). All patients (100%) confirmed that they would undergo conversion surgery again. Aseptic loosening of two stems (one cemented, one cementless; 9.5%) and two deep infections (9.5%) required revision surgery.

Conclusions

THA is a promising option for treatment of secondary long-term hip ankylosis sequelae. A conversion operation after spontaneous ankylosis provides better functional outcome than after surgical fusion. However, full function with complete pain relief and a negative Trendelenburg sign might be not attainable in all cases.     

全髋关节置换术后关节不稳的处理策略

正对于晚期关节炎,全髋关节置换可明显减少疼痛,提高患者的功能,具有较高的满意度和较低的手术并发症[1-2]。全髋关节置换的目标是无痛,活动时关节稳定,获得最大限度的活动范围,没有撞击和下肢长度尽量相等[3]。术后一个重要的并发症就是关节不稳,这是引起关节翻修的原因之一。     

Total hip replacement in the previously septic hip

Total hip replacement was performed in either one or two stages in thirty-three hips with active sepsis. The sepsis had followed hemiarthroplasty in six hips, open reduction with internal fixation of a fracture in eight, cup arthroplasty in one, and total hip replacement in eight hips within six years prior to the second total hip replacement. Ten additional patients had total hip replacement following destruction of the hip joint by hematogenous sepsis in nine and by infection following a shrapnel wound in one. Of these thirty-three patients, twenty-three (70 per cent) reveal no signs of infection at three to nine years after prosthetic replacement. Of the remaining ten in whom an infection developed, six had definite recurrences of the original infection, three were infected with organisms different from the original one, and one was either a local recurrence or reseeding from a persistent pyelonephritis. The success rate when the original organism was gram-positive was 78 per cent, including two of three total hip replacements done in the presence of active infection with Staphylococcus epidermidis. The success with gram-negative organisms, however, was only 58 per cent. The prosthetic failure rate was highest in patients who had had a previous infection about a total hip replacement (37 per cent) and in patients who had had a previous infection but no prior prosthetic or internal fixation devices (37 per cent). The lowest prosthetic failure rates were in patients with an infected hemiarthroplasty (16 per cent), an infection around an internal fixation device (25 per cent), or an infected cup arthroplasty. A complete and differential blood-cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, aspiration arthrogram, and radiographs did not effectively predict success or failure. For gram-positive infections, the success rates were similar following either a one or a two-stage procedure. We found that the success rates could be improved by a repeat course of parenteral antibiotics after the total hip replacement even if all preoperative and intraoperative studies failed to identify an infection. Patients with a successful total hip replacement achieved much better functional results than those who had to have a Girdlestone procedure. However, all patients must be carefully assessed prior to reimplantation of a prosthesis because of the high failure rate, especially with gram-negative organisms (Pseudomonas having the gravest prognosis), even when the procedure is done in two stages.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Total hip replacement in the congenitally dysplastic hip

Total hip replacement arthroplasty can relieve pain and improve function for many patients with end-stage arthritis.Patients with congenital hip dysplasia, however, present special problems because of the deformities of the acetabulum and femur.Noncemented porous-coated hemispheric acetabular components available in small sizes, and small, straight-stemmed, cemented, femoral components can be used to deal with the bony deformities and have considerably expanded the success of total hip replacement in such patients.The acetabular dysplasia can be managed in most cases by reaming to the medial wall, inserting small-diameter, porous-coated, acetabular components and stabilizing them with screws to provide rigid initial stability. Small portions of the components can be covered with bone graft chips. If necessary, the acetabular component can be placed more proximal than normal, thus increasing the height of the prosthetic hip center, while restoring the limb length with a longer neck prosthesis. a high total dislocation without the development of an adequate false acetabulum, however, requires trochanteric osteotomy, femoral shortening, placement of the acetabular component in the true acetabulum, and the use of straight-stem femoral components.     

Total hip reconstruction in the anatomically distorted hip

Recent reports in the literature strongly support the idea that cement is the optimum form of fixation of the femoral component in total hip replacement. For hybrid total hip arthroplasty, we used a cemented cup instead of an uncemented cup since this was inevitable in cases of poorly developed acetabulum. The uncemented cone femoral component is also beneficial in cases of extremely narrow and cylindrical configuration of the medullary cavity of untreated congenital dislocation of the hips (CDH) and tuberculosis or septic arthritis in childhood. We reviewed the clinical result of a consecutive series of patients with cemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) compared with recent studies on hybrid reconstruction using survivorship analysis. This subsequent study involved a hybrid uncemented Wagner cone femoral component and a cemented acetabular component with roof reinforcement by additional impacted cancellous allograft with hydroxyapatite (HA). We believe that early failure of the cemented components was due to an adverse effect of thin cement mantles around cemented femoral stems as well as the cemented cup in THA. In addition, 8 patients who received our modification of the Charnley CDH component had poor results even though we reduced the stem geometry and thickness. Furthermore, intraoperative fracture and splitting of the proximal femur was a major complication during implantation. Contrary to expectations, the results of these hybrid reconstructions were extremely encouraging (average follow-up period of 2–4.5 years). In addition to our experience of the cemented versus hybrid THA involving the uncemented Wagner femoral component, we have determined positive indications for the untreated and severely distorted anatomy of bilateral CDH for which surgical interventions for reconstruction were not recommended before.     

Total hip arthroplasty in chronic unreduced hip fracture-dislocation

We treated 15 patients with chronic unreduced hip fracture-dislocations at our hospital; all patients sustained the fracture-dislocations in motor vehicle accidents. All presented to our institution more than 6 months after initial treatment at their local hospitals with uncontained femoral heads; all underwent 1-stage total hip arthroplasty with bone grafting. These patients were monitored for a mean of 71.5 months (range, 36-96 months). All patients had significantly decreased pain, increased function, and increased range-of-motion scores using the Merle d'Aubigné scoring system. All grafts showed radiographic evidence of union. There were 2 dislocations, 1 transient peroneal nerve palsy, and 1 superficial infection. Total hip arthroplasty is effective for relieving pain and restoring function in chronic unreduced hip fracture-dislocations.