Ka频段大规模相控阵稀疏布阵算法设计与应用

针对大规模卫星通信相控阵天线在阵元受发射/接收组件、驱动放大器等布局限制条件下的稀疏布阵问题,提出了一种基于极限微扰法的随机稀疏布阵算法。通过极限微扰率和随机稀疏算法的迭代应用,能够较容易地收敛到目标稀疏率下的稀疏阵列分布,且能得到均匀的稀疏布阵结果,改善相控阵天线由于局部过热导致的散热困难的问题。基于此方法,对满阵为4 096阵元的大规模相控阵天线进行了稀疏化设计,最终得到1 552阵元的稀疏阵。仿真和实测结果显示通过该算法能获得较好的阵列方向图结果,在方位角0°~360°、俯仰角0°~60°范围内副瓣均低于-16 dB。     

一种小规模超宽带相控阵天线设计

目前基于阵元间强耦合效应已设计出超宽带相控阵天线,但是其规模较大。针对规模小或者在扫描方向上规模小,如何增强阵元间耦合而实现超宽带相控阵天线的问题,采用平衡对踵Vivaldi天线(BAVA)作为天线单元,优化天线单元辐射金属的形状,并采用镜像法布阵天线单元设计出一个小规模4×16的斜极化超宽带相控阵天线。仿真和试验结果表明,采用的方法可以增强小规模超宽带相控阵天线的阵元间耦合效应,实现频率0.8f0~2.0f0驻波比小于2,法向增益达17.34~23.0 dBi,在±45°范围内实现无栅瓣扫描。该小规模超宽带相控阵天线已在实际工程中应用。     

新型Ka频段宽角扫描圆极化相控阵天线

提出了一种新型的Ka频段圆极化相控阵天线。天线单元以单馈电开槽贴片天线为基础实现圆极化,通过微带贴片表面加载介质和辅助辐射器,展宽了天线波束宽度并优化了单元轴比。以该天线为阵列单元,采用顺序旋转布阵技术优化得到的2×2子阵,其辐射方向图具有良好的旋转对称性,由该子阵扩展形成的相控阵天线,有效地实现了圆极化宽角扫描特性。以8×8矩形阵列为例,仿真分析了此类二维相控阵天线波束扫描过程中的方向图和极化特性。研究结果表明,天线在工作频段内可实现方位360°、俯仰±60°扫描,扫描范围内天线增益波动和轴比均小于3 dB,同时该天线具有低剖面（高度尺寸为0.08λ0,λ0为空气介质波长）、结构简单、易于加工和集成等特点,非常适合小型化或一体化相控阵天线系统应用。     

一种低剖面宽带二维宽角扫描圆极化阵列天线

针对现有圆极化平面阵列的扫描角受限和三维宽角扫描阵列体积大的问题,设计了一种基于阵因子方向图和单元因子方向图互补的低剖面宽角扫描圆极化阵列天线.该阵列单元采用新型圆极化正交偶极子天线,并由其组成多个圆环子阵,每一子阵内单元的法向均偏离阵列法向一个固定倾角并等间距排布在"涟漪"状金属地板上.这种阵列排布方式使得在主波束扫描至大角度时天线单元因子增益可以补偿阵因子的增益下降.设计的一个64元阵列天线的实测结果表明:在8~9 GHz工作带宽内,且波束扫描覆盖0°~±62°,各阵元的有源驻波比均小于2.1,中心频点扫描增益起伏小于1.71 dB,扫描波束的圆极化轴比小于2 dB.     

一款具有稳定扫描波束分辨率的宽视角相控阵天线北大核心CSCD

基于自适应稀疏阵的结构,提出了一种具有宽视角与稳定扫描波束分辨率性能的相控阵天线。阵列单元是可以在相同谐振频率下实现TM;和TM;两种模式共同工作的单激励圆环贴片天线,其具有140°的半功率波束宽度,这种宽波束辐射效果能够较好地拓展相控阵天线的扫描范围。基于此单元构建了一个35元线阵,对其波束扫描分析发现在限定增益波动小于2 dB的条件下阵列扫描范围可以达到-70°~+70°,但主瓣波束宽度随着扫描角度的增加而增大。为解决这个问题,引入了自适应稀疏阵的概念,并采用基于互耦补偿矩阵的迭代快速傅里叶变换(Iterative Fast Fourier Transform,IFFT)技术进行自适应稀疏阵的优化设计。结果表明,所提出的基于自适应稀疏阵结构的35单元相控阵天线在-60°~+60°扫描范围内增益波动始终小于1.5 dB,波束宽度波动小于1°,且峰值旁瓣电平基本保持在-20 dB以下。相较于均匀周期阵列,所提出的自适应稀疏相控阵天线能够在实现低旁瓣宽视角扫描的同时,有效提高天线在宽角度范围内扫描波束分辨率的稳定性。     

无人机载Ku波段有源相控阵天线

设计了一种无人机载雷达的Ku波段有源相控阵天线,分析了有源相控阵天线的系统组成、模块布局和设计思路,实现了高集成、低剖面的有源相控阵天线设计,并可同时实现SAR和GMTI功能。设计了32行线源的宽边纵缝驻波阵形式的波导裂缝阵列天线,通过加脊和分区馈电法扩展了天线的工作带宽。采用FFT反演算法在微波近场暗室中对有源相控阵天线进行了校正补偿。实测结果表明该有源天线可以实现两维-20dB的低副瓣电平,并可在俯仰向实现±60°的相控阵扫描,实测方向图与仿真结果相吻合。本天线具有宽带宽角扫描、低副瓣、低剖面、结构紧凑等优点。     

宽频带宽角域扫描的圆极化相控线阵设计

针对传统相控阵工作频带窄、圆极化波束扫描角度小的问题,设计了一款宽波束天线单元以及1×6相控线阵。采用叠层贴片技术展宽天线的阻抗带宽,设计新型的三维地结构拓展天线的波束宽度,利用介质匹配层技术改善天线在低仰角区域的阻抗匹配,并通过双点馈电实现圆极化辐射。仿真与实测结果表明,天线单元的3 dB波束宽度在4.3~5.6 GHz的频带内均大于115°。天线阵列在4.5~5.3 GHz的频带内,主波束的最大扫描范围为-57°~58.5°,其3 dB波束覆盖范围达到185°,在主波束的扫描范围内轴比小于6 dB,具有良好的宽频带宽角域的圆极化扫描特性,在卫星通信、移动基站等领域有广阔的应用前景。     

4.9 GHz小型化集成相控阵天线设计

设计了一种相位控制和馈电一体化的8×8相控阵天线。将多路微带线功分器和移相器芯片集成于同一片电路板作为馈电网络并压合于阵列天线背面,形成了单端口馈电的64单元集成相控阵天线。该相控阵天线整体厚度仅2.25 mm,馈电端口至天线单元之间没有任何连接电缆,具有低剖面小型化和一体化的显著优点。电磁仿真结果显示,4.9 GHz的回波损耗小于-25 dB,最大增益为22.5 dB。此外,主极化和交叉极化隔离度为30 dB,主波束可实现-58°~62°平面扫描,具有较好的交叉极化和波束宽角域连续扫描特性,可应用于5G移动通信小型基站。     

一种低成本星载宽角扫描相控阵天线设计

设计了一种工作于X频段的星载圆极化相控阵天线。相控阵天线单元的馈电探针与连接器进行了一体化设计,消除了焊点,提高了阵面的可靠性;同时阵列单元周围加载金属腔体结构,降低了单元间的耦合,展宽了天线波束,提高了阵列的扫描增益;阵面为全金属结构,可实现相控阵的均温性与内部热量的辐射,阵面自身具有较强的空间抗辐照能力,同时也能对相控阵内部的有源器件提供良好的辐照屏蔽。相控阵有源组件和合成网络采用瓦片架构,具有轻量化和低剖面的特点。所设计相控阵天线具有±60°宽角扫描能力和4%的工作带宽。     

排列间距对均匀阵列宽角扫描性能的影响

研究并验证了阵元间距对均匀阵列宽角扫描性能的影响。首先分析并讨论了均匀线阵和面阵阵因 子在宽角扫描区域内的变化规律,研究表明:对于均匀线阵,阵因子对宽角扫描体现“过有利”特性,此时选取宽波束 有源单元方向图单元组阵,便能完成宽角扫描;对于均匀面阵,阵因子对宽角扫描体现“欠有利”特性,此时,阵元间 距的选取对面阵宽角扫描至关重要。据此,提出一款新型磁流元天线验证上述结论,该磁流元天线在xoz 面具有 138°的波束宽度,所组成的16 元线阵和64 元平面阵分别实现了75°和65°的扫描。文中的研究结果可为宽角扫描 相控阵提供理论指导和设计便利。     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks     

Call for Papers—Feature Topic,Vol.12,No.7,2015

正Information Centric Networking Information-Centric Networking(ICN) is an emerging direction in Future Internet architecture research,gaining significant tractions among academia and industry.Aiming to replace the conventional host-to-host communication model by a data-centric model,ICN treats data content as the first     

JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS(CHINA)

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NEXT GENERATION WIRELESS NETWORKS–ESPECIALLY THE USE OF MILLI-MICROWAVE BANDS

The global bandwidth shortage of wireless communications has motivated the exploration of the naillimeter wave （ram-wave） frequency spectrum for the next generation wireless communications. Recent advances in RF CMOS technology and high speed baseband signal processing technologies have enabled tile extensive research and development of turn-wave wireless communications. The multi gigabit per second data rate of ram-wave system will lead to applications in many important scenarios, such as WPAN, WLAN,back-haul for cellular system. And the frequency bands include 28 GHz, 38 GHz, 45GHz, 60GHz, E-BAND and even beyond 100 GHz. The propagation and the imitation of the RF circuits design in these frequency bands make the directional antennas be inevitable for mm-wave communications.