雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架治疗冠心病不稳定型心绞痛的临床观察

不稳定型心绞痛（UA）包括初发劳累性心绞痛、恶化劳累性心绞痛、休息心绞痛和心肌梗塞后心绞痛,治疗方法分为药物保守治疗和经皮冠状动脉内支架置入术。循证医学证明冠状动脉内支架置入术安全,且明显降低患者的病死率和总不良心脏事件发生率。金属裸支架置入术因较高的再狭窄率而令医患双方均不满意,而药物洗脱支架因明显降低再狭窄率而倍受青睐。我院自2006年6月至2007年8月应用药物洗脱支架治疗冠心病不稳定型心绞痛68例,现将雷帕霉素药物洗脱支架治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效和治疗经验总结如下。     

光学相干断层扫描定量糖尿病性黄斑水肿的黄斑厚度及与视功能相关分析

目的 观察糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)的光学相干断层扫描(OCT)临床特征,并探讨其与视功能改变的相关性.方法 40例49眼DME患者(DME组)及31例31眼无DME患者(对照组)分别应用OCT进行黄斑厚度定量分析,同时采用图形视觉诱发电位(P-VEP)及黄斑10°视野平均缺损(MD)指数检查视功能,根据DME组有无合并增生型糖尿病视网膜病变分为A组(非增生型糖尿病视网膜病变+DME,30眼)和B组(增生型糖尿病视网膜病变+DME,19眼).结果 DMEOCT图像定量分析发现,DME组黄斑厚度[(299.25±63.87)μm]较对照组[(204.35±37.94)μm]增厚,且视力、MD指数受损更为严重,其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).A组与B组的黄斑厚度、视力、MD指数比较差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);OCT黄斑厚度与视力存在线性负相关(r=-0.437,P＜0.05);OCT黄斑厚度与MD指数存在线性正相关(r=0.441,P＜0.05).结论 OCT为评估DME的发生、发展及疗效判断提供了一种有效、客观的检测手段,随着黄斑厚度的增加,视功能指标中视力下降、黄斑10°视野受损程度加重.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the clinical features of diabetic macular edema (DME) with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and correlation with visual function. Methods Forty-nine eyes from 40 patients with DME (DME group) and 31 eyes from 31 patients without DME (control group) were examined with OCT,pattern reversal visual evoked potentials (P-VEP),macular perimetry. According to proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), 49 eyes with DME were divided into group A (without PDR, 30eyes) and group B (with PDR, 19 eyes). Results The retinal macular thickness of central fovea in DME group [(299.25±63.87)μm] was more than that in contol group [(204.35 ± 37.94)μm], visual acuity and macular visual field in DME group were significantly different than those in control group, respectively (P ＜ 0.05). The retinal macular thickness of central fovea,visual acuity and visual field were no significant differences between group A and group B (P＞0.05). OCT macular thickness and visual correlation coefficient was -0.437(P＜ 0.05 ); OCT macular thickness and mean defect correlation coefficient was 0.441(P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions OCT can provide a useful tool for monitoring the occurrence and development of DME, can assess the response to treatment. With increasing of the macular retinal thickness, the visual acuity and macular visual field of visual function are more damaged.     

血管内皮细胞的功能与支架置入后血管内皮化的关系

血管支架已被广泛应用于临床治疗心血管疾病,但由此产生的并发症也日益显露出来。支架置入后血管内皮功能异常,引发内皮层剥脱,导致血小板聚集、炎症反应、血管平滑肌细胞增殖迁移、细胞外基质形成等一系列病理反应,造成支架内再狭窄。本文从血管内皮细胞的功能与支架置入后血管内皮化的关系及支架涂层材料对支架置入后血管内皮化的影响作一综述。