Bi2Pb2V2O10的晶体结构

使用X射线单晶衍射法测定了Bi₂Pb₂V₂O₁₀的结构。该晶体属三斜晶系,空间群为C₁¹-P1,单位晶胞内化学式数Z=1,晶胞参数为:a=7.084(4)?,b=7.278(3)?,c=5.587(3)?,α=111.91(5)°,β=95.01(6)°,γ=108.86(4)°,V=245.70?³,D_x=7.35g/cm³,μ(MoK_α)=678,94cm^-1,F(000)=456。用Patterson函数分析及Forier技术测定了结构,对原子坐标、各向同性及各向异性热参数进行了最小二乘方修正,R=0.079。结构分析表明,Bi₂Pb₂V₂O₁₀的Pb原子与O原子形成八角十二面体,Bi原子与O原子形成六角多面体。两个共棱的Pb—O多面体与两个共棱的Bi—O多面体相连,并沿bc平面无限延伸。讨论了吸收的影响。最后,将Bi₂Pb₂VO₁₀的结构与Pb₂SO₅的结构进行了比较。 关键词：     

新型Sr（NO3）2的水热合成及其晶体结构

本文以Sr（NO₃）₂和水为原料,采用水热法合成了一种新型的Sr（NO₃）₂结构。利用X-射线单晶衍射对其结构进行了测定,结果表明:该晶体属于立方晶系,Pa-3空间群,α=b=c=0.77402（7）nm,α=β=γ=90.00°,V=0.46372（7）nm³,Z=4,Dc=3.031g/cm³,F（000）=400,R_gt（F）=0.0287,wR_ref（F²）=0.0888。     

RbIO3-HIO3和CsIO3-HIO3两个赝二元系的研究

用X射线衍射及差热分析法研究了两系统的相平衡。确定了RbH₂(IO₃)₃的结构(三斜晶系,点阵常数:a=8.338?,b=8.244?,c=8.254?,α=60.66°,β=85.58°,γ=66.01°,z=2)。密度D_m=4.61g/cm³。CsIO₃-HIO₃系中有两个化合物:CsH(IO₃)₂(为质子导体)和3CsIO₃·17HIO₂。 关键词：     

利用Townsend放电测定N2(A3∑u+)亚稳态分子的扩散系数和猝灭速率常数

在纯N₂气体中,利用Townsend放电方法,对N₂(A³∑_u⁺)亚稳态分子的扩散系数D_m和猝灭速率常数K_q的测定进行了研究。分别得到:D_m=128cm²/s,K_q=8.1×10^-19cm³/s。 关键词：     

Gd3+/Y3+共掺对Nd:CaF2晶体光谱性能的影响

通过坩埚下降法生长了系列共掺Nd,Gd:CaF₂和Nd,Y:CaF₂晶体, 研究了Gd³⁺/Y³⁺共掺对Nd³⁺光谱性能以及Nd:CaF₂晶体晶胞参数的影响规律. 对于0.5 at.%Nd, x at.%Gd(x=2,5,8,10):CaF₂系列晶体, 当调控Gd³⁺掺杂浓度为2 at.%时, 具有最大的荧光寿命499 μs; 当Gd³⁺掺杂浓度为5 at.%时, 具有最大的吸收截面1.47×10^-20 cm², 最大的发射截面1.9×10^-20 cm²; 当Gd³⁺掺杂浓度为8 at.%时, 具有最佳的发射带宽29.03 nm. 对于0.6 at.%Nd, xat.%Y(x=2, 5, 8, 10):CaF₂系列晶体, Y³⁺掺杂浓度为5 at.%时, 有最大的吸收截面2.41×10^-20 cm², 最大的发射截面3.17×10^-20 cm²; 当Y³⁺掺杂浓度为10 at.%时, 具有最长的荧光寿命359.4 μs,并且具有最大发射带宽26 nm.     

PrP5O14的晶体结构与铁弹畴

本文用X射线衍射方法研究了PrP₅O₁₄的晶体结构和铁弹相变。晶体空间群为P2₁/c,晶胞参数a=8.777(1)?,b=9.029(2)?,c=13.068(2)?,β=90.35°(1),z=4,最终R值为0.046。在130±5℃转变成正交晶系,空间群为P_ncm,a=8.813(7)?,b=9.075(2)?,c=13.119(10)?。高温相变使晶体产生了铁弹性孪晶,室温下晶体属mmmF2/m类铁弹体。 关键词：     

密环菌甲素晶体结构研究

密环菌甲素(C₂₄H₃₀O₆)属正交晶系,空间群为P2₁ 2₁ 2₁,晶胞参数为a=18.784(9)?,b=14.002(7)?,c=8.598(5)?,z=4,计算密度D_c=1.216g·cm^-1。使用菲利浦PW-1100四圆衍射仪收集衍射强度。该结构是在MULTAN-78求解失败以后,使用MULTAN-80,在正切修正时选择统 关键词：     

新化合物——Sr2CaMoO6的相变与晶体结构

本文用差热分析、X射线物相分析及点阵常数的精确测定等方法研究了新化合物Sr₂CaMoO₆的相变,证明该化合物在(767±5)℃存在一级位移型相变。低温相α-Sr₂CaMoO。属正交晶系,空间群为Pmm2,室温时点阵常数为:α=8.1933?,b=5.7611?,c=5.8410?。测量密度D_m=4.97g/cm³,单位晶胞内具有2个化学式量。高温相β-Sr₂CaMoO_关键词：     

Sr2+掺杂荧光粉Ca2Nb2O7：Eu3+的发光特性

采用高温固相法制备出Ca_1.97-xSr_xNb₂O₇：3%Eu³⁺（x=0.10,0.50,1.0,1.5,1.97）红色荧光粉,研究了Ca_1.97-xSr_xNb₂O₇：3%Eu³⁺的发光特性及Sr²⁺的浓度对该荧光粉发光性质的影响。随着Sr²⁺浓度的改变,Ca_2-xSr_xNb₂O₇：Eu³⁺的XRD呈现不同的相。Ca_1.97Nb₂O₇：3%Eu³⁺（x=0）的激发光谱中,302 nm附近的强宽带来自于O^2-→Eu³⁺电荷转移跃迁,272 nm附近的肩峰来自于NbO^7-₆基团的电荷转移跃迁,350~600 nm范围内的锐锋属于Eu³⁺的特征4f-4f组内跃迁。在398 nm激发下,发射光谱的最强峰位于616 nm,属于Eu³⁺的⁵D₀→⁷F₂电偶极跃迁,发射出强烈的红光。当Ca²⁺逐渐被Sr²⁺取代时,Ca_2-xSr_xNb₂O₇：Eu³⁺的各激发峰的强度先提高后降低,且O^2-→Eu³⁺电荷转移跃迁发生明显红移。少量Sr²⁺的掺杂可以有效提高Ca_2-xSr_xNb₂O₇：Eu³⁺ 的红光发射强度,当x=0.01时该荧光粉的红光发射达到最强,可以被紫外LED芯片激发。     

Li2Mo2O6多晶材料的结构与电性能的研究

本文用固相反应烧结制备出Li₂Mo₂O₆多晶材料。经X射线分析、红外光谱和电子顺磁共振谱(EPR)的研究,确定了它的结构是Li₂Mo₂O₄和MoO₂两个晶相组成的烧结体。钼离子以四价状态存在于MoO₂晶相结构中。采用交流阻抗谱分析了晶界与温度变化的相关性。测得了样品的ln(σ_总T)-1/T 曲线是由两段直线和一段曲线所组成;总电导率化能σ_27℃=1.36×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_115℃=1.49×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_300℃=9.71×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_370℃=2.42×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1;电导活化能E₁=0.043eV,E₂=0.235eV,E_平均=0.76eV。采用维格纳极化电池法测得电子电导率σ_e,σ_e27℃=2.240×10^-5(Ω·cm)^-1,σ_e300℃=4.476×10^-3(Ω·cm)^-1。实验证明,室温下材料为固体电解质,300℃附近为良好的离子与电子混合导体。 关键词：     

聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒复合材料结构与机械性能分子动力学模拟

利用多尺度建模方法构建了聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒复合物模型, 通过分子动力学模拟研究了不同尺寸钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒(5.5, 8.0, 9.4, 10.5, 11.5 Å)对复合材料的结构、弹性模量和相互作用能的影响规律, 并通过计算纳米颗粒表面原子键能和单位表面积原子数目探究了复合物机械性能提高的内部机理. 聚酰亚胺和聚酰亚胺/钽铌酸钾复合材料的杨氏模量分别为2.91和3.17 GPa, 泊松比分别为0.37和0.35, 钽铌酸钾纳米颗粒的引入可以显著改善聚酰亚胺的机械性能. 纳米颗粒表面原子的键能为8.62-54.37 kJ·mol^-1, 表明颗粒与基体主要通过范德华力作用结合且有氢键存在. 计算结果表明, 相同掺杂比例下, 纳米颗粒尺寸越小, 纳米颗粒表面原子数目越大, 颗粒与基体作用更强, 杨氏模量的提高幅度越大, 尺寸效应越显著. 因此, 掺杂小尺寸纳米颗粒是提高聚酰亚胺机械性能的有效途径.     

Enhancing the magnetoelectric coupling of Co4Nb2O9[100] by substituting Mg for Co

We report experimental studies on enhancing the magnetoelectric (ME) coupling of Co₄Nb₂O₉ by substituting the non-magnetic metal Mg for Co. A series of single crystal Co_4−xMg_xNb₂O₉ (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) with a single-phase corundum-type structure are synthesized using the optical floating zone method, and the good quality and crystallographic orientations of the synthesized samples are confirmed by the Laue spots and sharp XRD peaks. Although the Néel temperatures (T_N) of the Mg substituted crystals decrease slightly from 27 K for pure Co₄Nb₂O₉ to 19 K and 11 K for Co₃MgNb₂O₉ and Co₂Mg₂Nb₂O₉, respectively, the ME coupling is doubly enhanced by Mg substitution when x = 1. The ME coefficient α_ME of Co₃MgNb₂O₉ required for the magnetic field (electric field) control of electric polarization (magnetization) is measured to be 12.8 ps/m (13.7 ps/m). These results indicate that the Mg substituted Co_4−xMg_xNb₂O₉ (x = 1) could serve as a potential candidate material for applications in future logic spintronics and logic devices.     

Realization and properties of ramp-type YBa2Cu3O7−δ/Au/Nb junctions

All-thin-film ramp type Josephson junctions between YBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ and Nb have been fabricated. This procedure allows connections between high-T_c and low-T_c superconductors at different crystal sides of the high-T_c superconductor on one chip, which is of great interest for novel phase devices. A thin Au layer is incorporated as a chemical barrier to avoid oxygen transfer from the YBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ to the Nb. Critical current densities up to 600 A/cm² are obtained at T=4.2 K, with typical R_nA values of 0.8 μΩ cm². The variation of the magnetic field dependence of the critical current with the angle between the junction barrier and the YBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ crystal axes is explained by considering a predominant d_x²−y² order parameter symmetry of the YBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ. The successful fabrication of these junctions allows the implementation of novel superconducting electronics, such as complementary Josephson circuitry or proposed qubit concepts, using the unconventional order parameter symmetry of the high-T_c superconductor.     

铁电单晶(KxNa1-x)0.4(SryBa1-y)0.8Nb2O6的光学性质和线性电光效应

本文介绍铁电单晶(K_xNa_1-x)_0.4(Sr_yBa_1-y)_0.8Nb₂O₆的光学性质和线性电光效应的测量。实验结果表明,这种晶体具有较大的光学双折射,透光范围由4000?到5.6μm。晶体具有低的线性电光调制的半波电压,其电光调制价值指数n₀³·γ_c高达730×10 关键词：     

BaO-Li2O-B2O3三元系中BaB2O4-Li2B2O4和BaB2O4-Li2O截面相平衡关系的研究

本文用X射线和差热分析方法对BaO-Li₂O-B₂O₃三元系中的两个截面:BaB₂O₄-Li₂B₂O₄和BaB₂O₄-Li₂O作了研究。在BaB₂O₄-Li₂B₂O₄赝二元系中发现了一个新的化合物4BaB₂O₄·Li₂B₂O₄。化合物在930±3℃由包晶反应形成,并与Li₂B₂O₄形成共晶反应。共晶温度为797±3℃,共晶点组分为79mol％Li₂B₂O₄。在BaB₂O₄-Li₂O截面中也存在化合物4BaB₂O₄·Li₂B₂O₄,其包晶反应温度从930±3℃随Li₂O含量增加下降到908±3℃。在组分60mol％Li₂O处形成另一个新的化合物2BaB₂O₄·3Li₂O。该化合物在630±3℃也是由包晶反应形成,并与Li₂O和Li₂CO₃分别形成共晶反应,共晶温度分别为400±3℃和612±3℃。在BaB₂O₄-Li₂B₂O₄和BaB₂O₄-Li₂O体系中都没有观察到固溶体。用计算机程序分别对化合物4BaB₂O₄·Li₂B₂O₄和2BaB₂O₄·3Li₂O的X射线粉末衍射图案进行了指标化,其结果:4BaB₂O₄·Li₂B₂O₄的空间群为Pmma,a=13.033?,b=14.630?,c=4.247?,每个单胞包含两个化合式单位;2BaB₂O₄·3Li₂O的空间群为Pmmm,a=4.814?,b=9.897?,c=11.523?,每个单胞也含有两个化合式单位。 关键词：     

W doping-dependent structural and ferroelectric properties of SrBi2Nb2O9 ferroelectric ceramics

The structural and ferroelectric characteristics of SrBi₂(Nb_1−xW_x)₂O₉ (x=0–0.12) ferroelectric ceramics were investigated. SrBi₂(Nb_1−xW_x)₂O₉ ceramics consisted of a single-phase layered perovskite structure when x was less than 0.06. Uniform microstructure and grain size reduction were observed after the introduction of W. The maximum remanent polarization of 16 μC/cm² appeared at x=0.03, and the coercive field decreased with increasing concentration of W. The ferroelectric behavior of SrBi₂(Nb_1−xW_x)₂O₉ ceramics is interpreted based on the Raman measurement.     

Influence of the transparency of tunnel barriers in Nb/Al2O3/Al/Al2O3/Nb junctions on transport properties

The transparency of the tunnel barriers in double-barrier junctions influences the critical current density and the form of the current–voltage characteristics (IVC). Moreover, the barrier asymmetry is an important parameter, which has to be controlled in the technological process. We have performed a systematic study of the influence of the barrier transparency on critical current, I_C, and normal resistance, R_N, by preparing SIS and SINIS junctions under identical technological conditions and comparing their transport properties. We have fabricated Nb/Al₂O₃/Nb and Nb/Al₂O₃/Al/Al₂O₃/Nb devices with different current densities using a conventional fabrication process, varying pressure and oxidation time. The thickness of the Al middle electrode in all Nb/Al₂O₃/Al/Al₂O₃/Nb junctions was 6 nm. Patterning of the multilayers was done using conventional photolithography and the selective niobium etching process. The current density of SIS junctions was changed in the range from 0.5 to 10 kA/cm². At the same conditions the current density of SINIS devices revealed 1–100 A/cm² with non-hysteretic IVC and characteristic voltages, I_CR_N, of up to 200 μV. By comparing the experimental and theoretical temperature dependence of the I_CR_N product we estimated the barrier transparency and its asymmetry. The comparison shows a good agreement of experimental data with the theoretical model of tunneling through double-barrier structures in the dirty limit and provides the effective barrier transparency parameter γ_eff≈300. A theoretical framework is developed to study the influence of the barrier asymmetry on the current–phase relationship and it is proposed to determine the asymmetry parameter by measuring the critical current suppression as function of applied microwave power. The theoretical approach to determine the non-stationary properties of double-barrier junctions in the adiabatic regime is formulated and the results of calculations of the I–V characteristics are given in relevant limits. The existence and the magnitude of a current deficit are predicted as function of the barrier asymmetry.     

LiNdP4O12的晶体结构

对于盐熔法合成的LiNdP₄O₁₂单晶进行了X射线衍射分析,该晶体属于单斜晶系,空间群为C2/c,z=4,晶胞参数为:α=16.486?,b=7.073?,c=9.775?,β=126.23°,全矩阵最小二乘法修正给出1251个独立反射的R=0.054,R_ω=0.050,经吸收和次级消光校正后,R=0.048,R_ω=0.043,基本的结构单位是(PO₃)_n的螺旋带,它们由共角 关键词：