抗氧剂二硬脂基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯的合成新工艺

本文以季戊四醇、亚磷酸三乙酯和十八醇为原料，在实验室合成了二硬脂基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯。考查了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂及物料配比对产品收率的影响．实验结果表明，整个工艺过程可分为两步：合成季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯中间体时，最佳的工艺条件为：亚磷酸三乙酯、季戊四醇的摩尔比为2．05：1，催化剂的用量为季戊四醇量的3％，反应温度为13℃，时间为2．5h；在二硬脂基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯的合成时，十八醇与中间体季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯的摩尔比为2．05：1，反应温度为16℃，时间3h。合成的产品中无酚无三废产生，产品元素分析及红外光谱与目的产物相一致。     

抗氧剂618的合成及在聚合物加工中的应用

以季戊四醇、亚磷酸三乙酯和十八醇为原料,在实验室合成了二硬脂基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯。考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂及物料配比对产品收率的影响。试验结果表明,合成工艺过程可分为两步:合成季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯中间体时,适宜的工艺条件为:亚磷酸三乙酯、季戊四醇的摩尔比为2.05,催化剂的用量为季戊四醇质量的3%,反应温度为130℃,时间为2.5 h;在二硬脂基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯的合成时,十八醇与中间体季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯的摩尔比为2.05,反应温度为160℃,时间3 h。产品使用结果表明,该产品能够与钙锌稳定剂组分协同并用抑制PVC初期着色;在PP制品中,与酚类抗氧剂1010存在明显的协同作用,显示出良好的长期热氧稳定性。     

无酚法新工艺合成双十六烷基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯

以季戊四醇、亚磷酸三乙酯和十六醇为原料，合成了双十六烷基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯。考察了反应温度、反应时闻、催化荆及物料配比对产品收率的影响。实验结果表明，整个工艺过程可分为两步，合成季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯中间体时，最佳的工艺条件为：亚磷酸三乙酯、季戊四醇的摩尔比为2．05：1，催化剂的用量为季戊四醇质量的3％，反应温度为130℃，时间为2．5h；在合成双十六烷基季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯时，十六醇与中间体季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯的摩尔比为2．05：1，反应温度为160℃，时间2．5h。合成的产品中无酚无三废产生，产品元素分析及红外光谱与目的产物相一致。     

双亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂626的合成研究

以季戊四醇、亚磷酸三乙酯和2,4-二叔丁基苯酚为原料,合成了双(2,4一二叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯。采用正交试验考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂及物料配比对产品收率的影响。试验结果表明,整个工艺过程适宜的工艺条件为:2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、亚磷酸三乙酯和季戊四醇的摩尔比为2.04∶2.20∶1.00,催化剂有机锡的用量为反应物总量的2.0%,反应温度在140~150℃范围内,反应时间为7小时。     

二亚磷酸二(苯甲醇)季戊四醇酯的合成

以亚磷酸三乙酯、季戊四醇、苯甲醇为原料,二丁基氧化锡为催化剂,采用酯交换法合成了二亚磷酸二(苯甲醇)季戊四醇酯.探讨了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂、催化剂用量、物料配比等因素的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:第一步的反应温度为130～140℃、反应时间为2 h,第二步的反应温度为170～180℃、反应时间为1.5 h,有机锡为催化剂、其用量为1.1 g,物料配比n(季戊四醇)∶n(亚磷酸三乙酯)∶n(苯甲醇)为1∶2.00∶2.00,此时产品的收率在95%以上,在20℃下折射率为1.5515.并通过元素分析及红外分析对产品进行了表征.     

亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂626的合成与表征

以季戊四醇、三氯化磷和2,4-二叔丁基苯酚为原料,在实验室合成了双(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯。采用正交试验考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂及物料配比对产品收率的影响。试验结果表明,整个工艺过程适宜的工艺条件为:2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、三氯化磷和季戊四醇的摩尔比为2.00∶2.05∶1.00,催化剂B的用量为季戊四醇质量的2.2%,第一步反应温度为130℃,时间为2.5 h;第二步反应温度为120℃,时间3.0 h。产品元素分析及红外光谱与目的产物相一致。     

季戊四醇双亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂852的合成研究

以2,4-二枯基酚、季戊四醇、三氯化磷为基本原料合成了抗氧剂852,即二(2,4-二枯基苯基)季戊四醇双亚磷酸酯。重点讨论了反应溶剂、催化剂、物料配比、反应温度、反应时间和结晶溶剂对产品收率的影响,筛选出了最佳的合成工艺条件为:物料摩尔配比η(2,4-二枯基酚)∶η(三氯化磷)∶η(季戊四醇)为2.00∶2.18∶1.00,第一步反应温度60℃,反应4h,第二步反应110℃,反应6h,反应收率为78%。     

双(十八烷基)季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯的合成

以亚磷酸三苯酯 (TPP)、十八醇、季戊四醇为原料 ,以有机锡为催化剂 ,合成了双 (十八烷基 )季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯 ,采用非溶剂酯交换一步法 ,工艺简单、反应温度低、无三废 ,副产物苯酚可回收利用 ,且产品收率在 98%以上。经元素分析、红外光谱对该产品进行了表征。     

双亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂626合成的工艺

摘要以新工艺合成了双（2，4-二叔丁基苯基）季戊四醇二亚磷酸酯（抗氧剂626）。先以三氯化磷与2，4-二叔丁基苯酚反应合成出中间体（2，4-二叔丁基苯基）二氯亚磷酸酯，再将其与季戊四醇反应合成出产品。探索了反应条件，溶剂及催化剂的种类等因素对产品收率和质量的影响，筛选出最佳的合成工艺条件为：以甲苯或二甲苯为熔荆，体系保持负压至常压，第一步反应温度40—50℃，反应2h，第二步反应温度50—130℃，反应6h，反应收率为86％。     

富马酸二乙酯的合成

本文以富马酸,无水乙醇为原料,以固体超强酸为催化剂,催化合成了富马酸二乙酯,反应最佳条件为：酸醇摩尔比为1：2．5,反应时间8h,反应温度110℃左右,催化剂的加入量0.4g,富马酸二乙酯的收率达86．1％。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.