英语教学中的口语交流活动

口语与书面语是人类进行交际的两种形式，从学习语言的自然规律来看，口语居先，学习语言的目的不只是为了懂得语法结构词汇，更是要有效利用语言，自如地与他人交流。因此培养口头表达能力是外语学习的一个极其重要的方面。本文就英语教学中的口语教学与交流谈几点看法。     

外语教学策略研究

教师在语法、词汇教学,听力、阅读教学,口语、写作教学3个方面的教学设计与实施过程中,可以分别采取以下外语教学策略:完整步骤化教学策略,训练有效记忆策略,整理归类、区别对待策略,比较概括策略;建立、扩展图式策略,训练学生听、读技巧,授人以渔策略,丰富语言输入策略;教学过程交际化策略,练习方式活动化策略,巧妙处理语言错误策略,提高学生外语学习效率。     

大学综合英语与高中英语口语教学的衔接

口语教学是大学英语专业教学内容中的重要部分。由于受到应试教育及大班教学等限制,中学与大学英语口语教学在衔接上存在较大的问题,主要体现在表达流利度、发音准确度、词汇和时态的使用,以及中英文思维模式差异等方面。教师必须从学生的口语基础、表述难点和心理情感等因素出发,分析解学生口语学习的实际状况,充分利用课堂教学活动,结合教材,提升学生英语口语学习的能力。     

心理词汇的研究对英语词汇教学的启示

从心理语言学的角度介绍了一些与英语词汇教学有关的心理词汇研究，并探讨了如何在英语词汇教学中帮助学生激活心理词汇并且利用相关的语言信息和非语言信息建立词汇间多向的心理联系，扩展其心理词汇网络，以促进学生英语词汇的学习。     

英语口语教学中的文化视角

本通过阐述社会化背景对语言学习的影响，指出英语专业的学生应具备一定量的化知识。并以词汇，对话和背景知识的学习为例，说明在口语课堂上，如何以化教育促进语言学习，提高教学效果。     

浅议英语教学中的文化干扰问题

语言教学离不开文化教育，本文阐述了中西方文化差异对英语教学中口语、词汇的学习、句子结构的表达以及阅读理解等几个方面的干扰，说明文化差异在英语学习和教学中的重要性。     

基于微信平台的英语专业口语教学实践研究

通过对28名中国英语专业学生在一个学期内参与微信辅助语言学习平台（WALL）的聊天记录及其60名学生的在线问卷调查结果我们发现：学生借助移动网络在SNS上能自主开发学习资源,创设个人学习环境（PLE）并积极参与微学习共同体中的语言实践活动。通过对比28名研究对象口语的前、后测试,我们发现高频使用WALL平台能够提高学生的口语学习积极性,在词汇运用,话轮转换,应答策略等方面均有提高。     

附带性习得与英语词汇学习

词汇附带性习得是近二十年来出现在应用语言学研究领域的新名词，是指学习者在完成其他学习任务时同时出现的认知活动。在词汇学习过程中，学习者可以通过读、听、交际等活动附带地习得了词汇。本文通过对影响附带性词汇习得的几个因素的讨论，探讨了其在词汇学习过程中的应用。     

以连贯为中心的英语口语训练策略

中国学生的口语表达存在语音不标准，语调生硬，生活词汇匮乏等的问题．而如何找到有效的方法来解决学生口语中的问题，则是困扰英语教师的大问题．本文将着重从连贯的角度探讨解决中国学生口语学习中的困难，并提出相应的训练方法．     

试析口语词汇在公文写作中的使用

从公文自身性质及其特殊的受文对象角度,说明公文中可以而且应该适量使用口语词汇。通过对熟语以及社会流行语在公文中使用情况分析,结合实例分析口语词汇在公文中使用所达到效果,强调在公文中使用口语词汇可以改进文风,促进政风转变。提出通过准确把握口语词汇含义、透析公文具体情境、精选口语词汇的策略,以期能在公文中正确使用口语词汇。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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