FORMATION AND CRYSTALLIZATION OF LEAD HALIDE BASED GLASSES

A series of new glass compositions based onPbX_2(X: Cl, Br or I) have heen studied. Binary andternary glasses resulted from the association of PbI_2 Pb-Cl_2 AgI, KCl and KBr. By means of differential scan-ning calorimetry (DSC), the mechanism and kinetics ofcrystallixation process were studied. X-ray diffractionstudies demonstrate that there is the formation of compli-cated crystalline phases in crystallized lead iodide basedglasses. By heat treating halide glasses of appropriatecomposition under adequate heating temperature and dura-tion, the lead iodide based glasses could be converted intoglass-ceramics with microcrystal size less lμm of whichmechanical properties are improved.     

FORMATION AND SOME PROPERTIES OF THE As_2Te_3-PbTe-XI_2(X=Pb,Hg) CHALCOHALIDE GLASSES

The As_2Te_3-based chalcogenide-halide glasses,which are strong candidates for infrared optical fibers,are studied.This paper investigates the glassforming regions of two quasi-ternary As_2Te_3-based systems.The glass-forming abilities are studied by differential thermal analysis(DTA).For the studied compositions,the glass transition temperatures (T_g) of As_2Te_3-PbTeHgI_2 glasses are higher than those of As_2Te_3-PbTe-PbI_2 glasses and As_2Te_3-HgI_2 glasses.With a wider infrared transmission range and the improvements in the thermal properties of the HgI_2 doped glasses, As_2Te_3-based glasses may lead to far-IR optical fiber development.     

GLASS FORMATION AND STRUCTURE OF NON-OXIDE GLASSES

In this paper the characteristics of glassformation and structure of non-oxide glasses have beensummarized and some basic points have been discussed.Themain points are as follows:Chemcal bond nature is a deter-minative factor of formation and structure of glass;Calcu-lation of glass formation,ability by chemical bondparamiters;Classification of inorganic glass systems, bycharacteristics of short range order of the glass structure;Structural models of non-oxide glasses.     

铜镉光致变色玻璃的性能与结构

铜镉光致变色玻璃的光变色性能和基础玻璃组成之间有着密切联系。可以用F=[(R_2O+MO)-Al_2O_3]/B_2O_3来表述具有良好光变色性能的玻璃的组成范围。本文用红外光谱、拉曼光谱研究了这类玻璃的基本结构。结果表明,基础玻璃由[SiO_4]、[BO_3]、[BO_4]、[AlO_1]共同构成空间网络,其中[BO_3]、[BO_4]相互连接成两种硼酸盐基团和一种硼氧环。透射电镜照片直接给出了玻璃分相和沉积出的微品粒形貌。结合以上的研究结果和玻璃的光变色性,在分子及分子基团的水平上讨论了结构同性能的关系。     

STRUCTURAL REARRANGEMENT AND PROPERTIES OF QUENCHED TITANATE GLASSES REHEATED AT T_g

The structural rearrangement of quenchedtitanate glasses reheated at T_g. was investigated by ESR andIR spectroscopies. From the ESR observations it is suggestedthat the structure was readjtsted and became more compactafer the heat-treatment. A removal of residual vacancies isrelated to the diffusion of oxygen ions. The combination ofmore oxygen with titanium ions to form titanium-oxygenpolyhedra and the transformation of boron-oxygen groups areconfirmed from IR spectra. Some physical properties are improved after heating.     

STUDY ON THE COLORED GLASSES AND ITS PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES

The composition design and melting technique ofcolored glasses based on wollastonite was studied.The density, expansion coefficient, thermostability,durability and some optical properties of glasseswere measured. The results show: These glasses havelow melting temperature and short clarifying time.Their physicochemical properties were improved res-pectively to a certain degree.     

掺Er^3＋镓磷酸盐玻璃的光学性质

利用熔融淬火法制备了摩尔分数为40．8Ga2O3-58．0NaPO3-1．2Er2O3掺Er^3＋镓磷酸盐玻璃,测试并研究了样品中Er^3＋的吸收光谱、1．5μm发射光谱,根据Judd-Ofelt理论计算了Er^3＋离子强度参量Ωt（t=2,4,6）及自发辐射概率、荧光分支比、自发辐射寿命．结果表明,Er3＋1．5μm发射光谱半峰全宽达到40nm．同时,利用McCumber方法计算了Er^3＋4 I13／2→^4I15／2跃迁的受激发射截面,峰值达到6．10×10^-21cm^2,测定了Er^3＋4I13／2能级荧光寿命为4．88ms,^4I13／2能级量子效率为56．3％．     

PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF CRYSTAL GLASSES WITHOUT LEAD CONTENT

BaO is the most common consideration in the preparation of new crystal glass jor getting rid of lead content in the glass and ceramic mares to protect hu-man health and environment. But for keeping the glass products' properties to meet the requirements oj the traditional crystal glass, B2O3,A12O3, TiO2,SrO and ZnO etc ( at a special ratio ) had been researched with BaO to constitute a mixture to replace the lead content in the glass compositions. The results Amu that both using the mixture and adding Less lead in the hatches could make the new glass products to reach the requirement of the properties oj the common crystal glass but with less or no lead content and the corresponding poisons.     

CHEMICAL DURABILITY OF NON-OXIDE GLASSES

This paper reviews the chemical durabilityof non-oxide glasses including fluoride,non-fluoridehalide, chalcogenide and chalcohalide glasses. Their kinet-ics and mechanism of corrosion are described and discussed.     

磷酸盐玻璃抗菌剂的制备

通过在磷酸盐玻璃中加入抗菌金属银离子 ,成功地研制出抗菌效果好的缓释型磷酸盐玻璃抗菌剂 ,分析研究了磷酸盐玻璃的缓释性及银离子在玻璃中的稳定性     

STUDY OF SELENIUM CADMIUM RUBY IRON-SEALING GLASSES

IIntroductionTheiron-sealingglassesaretheglassessealingwithiron,whichcanreplacethekovaralloyusedformerly,reducethecost,provideexcellentelectronlcInsulationmaterialsfortheelectronIndustry.Now,agreatvarietyofcolourglasseshavesubstitutedforbeensubstitutedforcolourlessglassesforsealingwithmetalsIntheworld,butonlyfewkindsofcolourglasseswerePro-ducedinChlna,Wlththedemandofnewdevelopment,theauthorsucceededIndevelopingselenl-＂cadmiumrubylrosealingglasses.2Experimentsandresults2.ICompositionsofrub…     

复合澄清剂在普白料瓶罐玻璃生产中的应用

本文将复合澄清剂应用于瓶罐玻璃的生产中，它的澄清作用优于含砷氧化物（白砒），而且还可减少硝酸钠的用量，使生产成本下降，并且比含砷氧化物带来的危害小     

面筋蛋白的流变学性质和结构研究

面筋蛋白的结构和性质直接影响到小麦面粉的质量和焙烤食品的品质.松弛实验用于测定从英国Hereward面粉中得到的面筋蛋白和它的亚组分:麦醇溶蛋白、麦谷蛋白以及胶蛋白的流变性质.在松驰曲线上,粗的麦醇溶蛋白和酸溶的麦谷蛋白在时间小于10 s时有1个峰,这是第1个松弛过程,但胶蛋白明显地出现了2个峰,第2个峰在大于10 s处.这被认为是和面筋形成的网络结构有关,也可能是由于大聚体的缠绕和物理交联的原因.用小变形和大变形压缩实验和膨胀实验测定了纯麦醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白展开膜的表面活性,结果表明,纯麦醇溶蛋白展开膜有很高的表面活性,但纯可溶麦谷蛋白展开膜几乎没有表面活性.这些蛋白展开膜的结构在本实验中是用原子力电子显微扫描来描述的.结果表明纯的麦纯溶蛋白是一个具有直径为10～20 nm的球状粒子,而纯的麦谷蛋白是一个长度为50～100nm的棒状结构.     

离子间的氧化还原及其对光色性的影响

本文研究了在光色玻璃中引入Sb_2O_3、Cr_2O_3对其性能的影响。并结合低温ESR测量及玻璃初态颜色的观察,详细讨论了光色玻璃中发生的氧化还原反应。分析了氧化剂、还原剂对光色性能产生影响的原因。     

STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF HYDRATION OF DOPED DICALCIUM SILICATES

In this paper,several dicalciumsilicates(β-C_2S)obtained from impuritieshave been studied.A study of the structureand properties of these doped dicalciumsilicates reveals that the doping with MgO ofBaSO_4 enhanced their activity and rate ofhydration,K_20 has a similar effect roughless pronounced.The lattice distortion and crystal size inβ-dicalcium silicates are measured by X-raypowder diffraction technique,the bindingenergies of 2P~3 for Ca and 2P for Si areobtained by X-ray photoelectric spectrum,thevibrations of the chemical bonds in silicateanion [SiO_4]_(4-) are examined by FT-IR andLaser Raman spectra and the heat evolutionduring hydration reaction for β-dicalciumsilicates are determined by microcalorimetry.From the results of XRD,XPS,FT-IR,Raman and micro-DSC,the relationshipbetween the microstructure and properties ofdoped dicalcium silicates and the mechanismof activation due to impurities are discussed.     

SiC多型体的电子结构和光学特性研究

在局域密度近似下,采用平面波超软赝势法对SiC多型体的能带和光谱特性进行了研究.计算了4种SiC多型体的能带、介电常数等并进行了比较.计算表明4H-SiC导带最低点在布里渊区M点,6H-SiC导带最低点在布里渊区ML线上U(0,0.176,0)(2π/a)点.在布氏区垂直于Z轴方向的AH和LH段能带是二重简并的.能带得介电常数的计算表明SiC是各向异性材料.局域密度近似下的密度泛函理论对能隙的计算结果小于实验结果.     

Pade样条的代数结构及若干性质

阐明Pad样条的代数结构,给出它的余项显式表示并揭示共若干性质。     

溶胶凝胶法对相玻璃转变行为的影响

本文分别采用溶胶凝胶法和常规法制备钠钙硅玻璃,液相温度和不混溶上限温度用光学显微镜和透射电镜进行测定。结果发现溶胶凝胶法(SGD)制备的玻璃液相温度比同组成的常规法(CD)制备的玻璃液相温度要高。对于组成落在介稳分相区的玻璃,溶胶凝胶法玻璃的不混溶上限温度要比相应的常规法玻璃高,而对于落在不稳分相区的玻璃则两种方法制备的玻璃具有相同的不混溶上限温度。该现象归迹于这两种不同方法制备的玻璃结构上稍有差别,即溶胶凝胶法制备的玻璃结构中含有较多的OH~-而导致的;这种结构上的差异引起了玻璃在析晶或分相期间的动力学和热力学上的不同。     

SnO-ZnO-P2O5三元系统封接玻璃的研究

给出了SnO-ZnO—P2O5三元系统(简称SZP系统)玻璃的大致形成区，研究了该系统玻璃的转变温度及软化温度范围内粘度与商用基体材料的膨胀相容性、抗水性能等，并加入合适的填料以调节SZP系统的膨胀性能。该组成设计的SZP玻璃料的抗水性可与含铅封接玻璃相比拟。     

生物活性微晶玻璃结构与性能研究

本文以K_2O—MgO—Al_2O_3—B_20_3—SiO_2—F系统玻璃作为基础玻璃,添加适量的CaO和P_2O_5,制得了一种具有良好生物活性、生物相容性和可切削加工性能的微晶玻璃。并利用DTA、XRD、SEM、EDAX及偏、反光显微镜技术,研究了结晶化处理前后玻璃的显微结构、分相形貌和元素分布等。对玻璃分相与析晶机理进行了理论探讨,测定了材料的各项理化性能和可切削性能。对材料进行了动物骨内种植和肌肉包埋实验,并做了Ames致突变试验,以检测材料的生物活性和生物相容性。结合以上实验结果,对材料的生物活性机理进行了分析和讨论,得出了一些有益的结论。