结晶器表面超音速火焰喷涂WC-12Co涂层的组织性能分析

在结晶器铜板表面超音速火焰喷涂WC-12Co涂层,通过SEM、EDS和XRD分析了涂层的表面形貌、成分变化及涂层与基体的结合性能,采用正交试验设计分析4种喷涂工艺参数对涂层孔隙率、显微硬度和结合强度的影响.结果表明,在氧气流量为850 L/min、煤油流量为6.0 g/h、喷涂距离为400 mm、涂层厚度为0.4 mm条件下,涂层的孔隙率较低,显微硬度较高,且结合强度较大,综合性能达到最优.     

HVOF喷涂工艺参数对WC-10%Co4%Cr涂层孔隙率的影响

本文在常规WC-10%Co4%Cr（质量分数）粉末喷涂工艺基础上,通过改变煤油流量、氧气流量、喷涂距离三个主要工艺参数,采用JP5000超音速火焰喷涂系统进行了一组三因素三水平的正交实验。对涂层孔隙率进行正交分析,确定了喷涂距离是影响涂层孔隙的主要因素。结果表明,在常用的喷涂距离300～360 mm中,300 mm喷涂距离的涂层孔隙率可达到1%以下。在喷涂距离300 mm、煤油流量26 L/h、氧气流量945 L/min的最优参数下,涂层孔隙率为0.76%。结合金相厚度以及显微维氏硬度分析机理,得出喷涂距离300 mm的粒子具有更高的动能,以及更明显的粒子筛选效应,使得缺陷粒子不易沉积在基体表面,获得的涂层具有更低的孔隙率,涂层的硬度均匀性更好。在相同的喷涂距离下,通过提高煤油和氧气流量可以获得较高粒子动能和筛选效应。     

HVOF制备铝青铜涂层工艺优化及工艺参数对涂层性能的影响

目的 利用超音速火焰喷涂技术,在铸铝表面沉积质量优良的铝青铜涂层.方法 基于正交实验,研究煤油流量、氧气流量、送粉速率和喷涂距离对涂层厚度、孔隙率、显微硬度和结合强度的影响.通过XRD图谱,对喷涂粉末和涂层相结构组成进行分析.利用场发射扫描电子显微镜,观察涂层截面形貌,测量涂层厚度.使用ImageJ软件测量孔隙率.采用显微硬度计和电子万能试验机,测量涂层的显微硬度和结合强度.针对正交实验结果,采用极差分析法进行分析,确定最优的工艺参数.结果 由极差法分析得到最优工艺参数:煤油流量为22 L/h,氧气流量为900 L/min,送粉速率为80 g/min,喷涂距离为200 mm.采用最优工艺参数制备涂层,测得涂层厚度为405.43μm,孔隙率为0.10％,结合强度为61.63 MPa,显微硬度为330.33HV0.3.结论 与粉末相比,涂层的相组成未发生改变,均为α相和β'相.通过极差分析可知,不同工艺参数对涂层孔隙率、厚度、显微硬度和结合强度的影响程度不同.在本实验选取的主要工艺参数中,送粉速率对涂层孔隙率和厚度的影响程度最大,喷涂距离对涂层显微硬度的影响程度最大,煤油流量对结合强度的影响程度最大.     

超音速火焰喷涂Cr_3C_2-25NiCr涂层的制备工艺及组织研究

利用超音速火焰喷涂技术在结晶器铜板表面喷涂Cr3C2-25NiCr涂层,采用正交试验设计研究了不同工艺参数对涂层孔隙率的影响,并对涂层的表面、截面形貌和粉末及涂层的相组成等进行分析。研究结果发现,在喷涂过程中,Cr3C2-25NiCr涂层发生了不同程度的分解和氧化,而且喷涂距离对孔隙率的影响最大。本试验获得的最佳工艺参数为氧气流量900L/min,煤油流量6.0g/h,喷涂距离375mm,涂层厚度0.4mm,经过工艺优化后制备的Cr3C2-25NiCr涂层组织均匀致密,与基材结合良好,孔隙率较低。     

氧气-空气混合助燃超音速火焰喷涂WC-Co涂层性能研究

采用液体燃料氧气-空气混合助燃超音速火焰喷涂(HVO/AF)工艺在45钢表面制备WC-Co涂层,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)表征了涂层的微观结构及相组成,并对涂层的孔隙率、显微硬度和结合强度进行了分析.研究结果表明,采用液体燃料氧气-空气混合助燃超音速火焰喷涂制备的涂层均具有较好的性能,超音速火焰喷涂氧气与空气混合比例对涂层的性能影响较大,采用HVO/AF喷涂技术能有效地抑制WC的氧化和分解,降低了涂层的孔隙率,提高了WC-Co涂层的硬度和结合强度等性能.涂层质量要好于传统的氧气助燃超音速火焰喷涂.     

冲压模具热喷涂涂层的优化*

为了提高冲压模具的使用寿命,分别采用电弧喷涂工艺制备FTC-FeCSiMn耐磨涂层和高速火焰喷涂工艺制备WC-12Co耐磨涂层,并对其参数进行优化。由于电弧喷涂工艺受到较少参数的影响,而高速火焰喷涂工艺受到煤油流量、氢气流量和氧气比等十几个参数的影响,所以优化过程采用单次单因子法的试验设计法。对微硬度、孔隙率、表面粗糙度及沉积效率等涂层性质进行研究,取得较好效果。其中高速火焰喷涂的WC-12Co涂层经优化后,硬度1 547HV0.1,沉积效率34.5%,孔隙率1.0%,粗糙度1.84μm,与理论预期值非常接近。最后使用销盘试验测试涂层耐磨性,结果表明电弧喷涂的FTC-FeCSiMn涂层使工件的抗磨性提高2个数量级,而高速火焰喷涂的WC-12Co涂层更使工件的抗磨性提高4个数量级。     

等离子喷涂钼涂层的工艺性能研究

在45钢基材上用等离子喷涂方法制备纯钼涂层,对不同工艺参数下制得的涂层进行了性能、SEM分析.结果表明,涂层的工艺性能与喷涂工艺参数有密切关系.不同喷涂电流下,涂层的显微硬度与涂层孔隙率成反比例关系,而孔隙率又是随电流的增大先增加后减小的.工作气体的流量在25～45L/min时,喷涂粉末沉积效率最高.送粉量过大则气孔率增大,降低了涂层之间的粘结强度和涂层的显微硬度;过小则粉末沉积效率降低.     

微束等离子喷涂NiCrBSi涂层

采用微束等离子喷涂方法在St37低碳钢上制备了NiCrBSi涂层.研究了基材温度、等离子气体流量、喷涂距离和电流强度等工艺参数对涂层组织结构和性能的影响.采用光学显微镜观察涂层的组织结构,用Perthometers M4P 150测定涂层的表面粗糙度,以及用LECO TC316气体抽提仪检测涂层的氧含量.结果表明,在试验条件下,喷涂参数对涂层组织和性能产生较大的影响.随着电流和基材温度的增加涂层的粗糙度降低,涂层的氧含量随着基材温度和喷涂距离的增加而增加.大多数涂层的显微硬度大于600 HV0.2.尽管粒子速度较低,涂层的平均结合强度仍然大于50 MPa.     

等离子喷涂AlSi-ployester封严涂层工艺优化研究

采用AlSi-ployester粉末和PARXAIR-3710等离子喷涂系统制备封严涂层.为使AlSi-ployester等离子喷涂涂层获得优良的涂层性能,选择涂层结合强度为判据,通过正交试验对AlSi-ployester等离子喷涂工艺进行了优化.利用扫描电镜,Axio lmager.A lm金相图像分析系统等手段对涂层形貌和孔隙率进行分析,同时对涂层的硬度、抗热震性能进行了测试.确定优化后的工艺参数为:电弧电流790A.主气流量62.7 L/min,辅气流量5 L/min,喷涂距离100mm.结果表明,电弧电流、主气流量、辅气流量、喷涂距离对AlSi-ployester涂层结合强度具有不同的影响,在优化的喷涂工艺参数条件下,AlSi-ployester涂层结合强度可达6.9MPa,具有较好的硬度和热震性能,可为今后等离子喷涂系统工艺参数的选定提供参考.     

高速火焰喷涂高质量NiCoCrAlTaReSiY抗氧化涂层

研究了用高速火焰喷涂(HVOF)替代低压等离子喷涂(LPPS)沉积高质量的MCrAlY涂层。试验用粉料为NiCoCrAlTaReSiY,采用以煤油为燃料的K2型HVOF系统沉积涂层,研究喷嘴长度、喷涂工艺参数对粉末沉积工艺过程以及涂层性能的影响;测量涂层的孔隙率及氧含量,观察涂层经真空热处理以及高温空气氧化后的显微结构,测量了Al、O等元素在氧化涂层中的分布。结果表明,所沉积的NiCoCrAlTaReSiY涂层具有优越的抗氧化性。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.