一款应用于LED驱动的过温保护电路

设计了一款电压随温度自适应变化,从而使驱动电流随温度自适应变化的过温保护电路。应用于LED驱动电路,具有滞回关断的特点,在恒流输出中增加温度自适应模块,设计简单而且比较稳定。基于0.5μm CMOS工艺,使用Cadence Spectre对电路进行仿真。仿真结果表明,基准电压精度高,温漂低,温度系数为1.6×10~(-5)/℃;LED电路在0~65℃,恒定输出350 mA,输出变化范围小于0.285%;在65~108℃范围内变化时,电流输出自适应范围为85 mA;在温度达到110℃时,关断信号为高电平,电路关断输出,直到温度下降到60℃时,电路重新开启。     

大功率白光LED驱动电路的双环检测方法

基于CSMC0.5μm标准CMOS工艺,设计了一种带有双环检测的大功率LED恒流驱动芯片。仿真结果表明,芯片可在2MHz频率下工作,驱动电流最高可达1.5A,在24V电源电压时,电源效率可达95%。当电源电压在6V跳变±10%,驱动1W350mA的LED时,LED电流精度达0.02%。对比单环检测模式,该电路的LED驱动电流响应时间缩短了近2/3。此模式在保持高精度恒流和高效率的同时,有效地缩短了LED驱动电流的响应时间。     

基于高边电流检测驱动LED

研究了一种采用高边电流检测的滞环控制LED恒流驱动芯片。基于0．5um5V／18V／40VCDMOS．工艺,运用HSPICE工具对电路进行仿真,仿真结果显示：在4．5V～28V电源电压范围内,-40℃～＋l25℃工作温度范围内,电路可为LED提供恒定的350mA驱动电流,LED驱动电流为滞环变化的三角波,最大误差为6．2％。通过调节外部信号DIM的占空比可以调节LED的亮度。     

一种带曲率补偿的基准及过温保护电路

介绍了一种低温漂的 BiCMOS 带隙基准电压源及过温保护电路。采用 Brokaw 带隙基准核结构,通过二阶曲率补偿技术,设计了一种在-40℃～+160℃的温度变化范围内温度系数为25ppm/K、输出电压为1.2±0.000 5V 的带隙基准电压源电路。电源电压抑制比典型情况下为72dB。这种用于内部集成的带热滞回功能的过温保护电路,过温关断阈值温度为160℃,温度降低,安全开启阈值温度140℃,设计的热滞回差很好地防止了热振荡现象。     

基于高边电流检测恒流驱动LED

本文研究了一种采用高边电流检测的滞环控制LED恒流驱动芯片。基于0．5urn5V／18V／40VCDMOS工艺,运用Hspice工具对电路进行仿真,仿真结果显示,在4．5V一28V电源电压范围内,一40°C到＋125°C工作温度范围内,电路可为LED提供恒定的350mA驱动电流,LED驱动电流为滞环变化的三角波,最大误差为6．2％。通过调节外部信号DIM的占空比可以调节LED的亮度。     

新型大功率LED恒流驱动芯片设计

设计了一款基于BUCK电路的大功率LED恒流驱动芯片,芯片集成了带隙基准源模块、LDO模块、偏置电流产生模块、数字调光模块、过温保护模块、逻辑控制模块和驱动模块等。对带隙参考源、高压LDO和过热保护3个子模块电路的设计做了重点研究,通过Cadence软件对子电路和系统的各项参数进行了模拟仿真和优化,对整体电路的版图进行了设计和验证,芯片面积为1 680μm×1 210μm。采用VIS公司的0.35μm 40 V BCD工艺进行了流片。测试结果表明,芯片基于控制导通时间的控制方式实现了高精度,且具有输入电压范围广、低电压参考源和PWM调光等功能,驱动电流可达到1.5 A,且不用补偿就能够稳定工作。     

高功率因数LED恒流可调驱动电源设计

分析具有PFC的反激式隔离型AC/DC的LED恒流驱动电源的设计方法。给出高效率和高功率因数条件下隔离高频变压器以及由UCC28810构成的功率因数校正电路的具体设计方案和相关参数的选择方法;阐述了由CC2530和SN3350构成的PWM恒流可调电路的工作原理。通过对实验样机在输入电压90 V~260 V范围内进行多样实验测试取均值结果表明,系统的功率因数均值在0.97以上,AC/DC变化电路的效率高达86.5%;恒流模块的效率达到93.2%,实现恒流可控的PWM的调光功能。     

电池监测芯片中稳压模块的设计

设计了一款应用于电池监测芯片内的稳压模块,为芯片内部电路提供模拟电源电压与数字电源电压。通过带隙电路产生稳定的模拟电源电压,数字电源电压则通过栅源电压差叠加的方式获得。采用XFAB 0.35μm工艺模型仿真表明,在负载电流4 mA,外界电池电压10 V~60 V的宽输入电压范围内,模拟电源电压变化12 mV;在负载电流4 mA,-40℃~125℃的温度范围内,模拟电源电压变化6 mV,温漂系数为7.8 ppm/℃;数字电源电压分别变化0.12 V、0.76 V,均满足实际应用所需要的稳压要求。模块提供可靠的上电复位信号,并加入了过流保护和过温保护功能。     

一种高精度阈值可调节的过温保护电路设计

针对传统过温保护电路结构复杂、功耗大等问题,提出一种具有高精度的阈值可调节的过温保护电路。设计基于华虹0.35μm BCD工艺模型,通过将基准电压分压与随温度增大而增大的电压进行比较来实现功能,并在电路中引入迟滞,以消除比较器在跳变温度点附近的振荡现象。经Cadence Spectre软件仿真验证,当温度大于165℃时,输出由低变高,控制信号迫使整个芯片关断;当温度低于147℃时,输出由高转低,电路恢复正常工作状态,且有20℃的迟滞量。在3～5.5V电源电压范围内,该电路能很好的抑制电源电压变化造成的阈值点漂移,以较高精度确保电路性能稳定。     

智能化分段线性恒流LED驱动电源设计

传统的开关型LED驱动电源中含有大电解电容和高频变压器,导致LED驱动电源的体积庞大且使用寿命较短。分段式线性恒流驱动电源可以避免使用大电解电容和高频变压器。设计了一种新型的分段线性恒流LED驱动电源,利用整流之后的高压脉动直流电压的变化,自适应地控制LED灯珠分阶段恒流工作。除整流桥和采样电阻外,整个驱动电路可实现单芯片集成,有效缩小了体积、延长了寿命。电路中还设计了智能拓展端口,可实现智能化控制。基于华虹宏力0.5μm 700 V BCD工艺对电路进行了仿真验证,在0~311 V周期脉动高电压输入条件下,驱动芯片分四阶段恒流工作,输出最大恒定电流可达97.17 m A,在恒流阶段,电流的瞬态精度误差仅为0.031%。仿真结果表明,该LED驱动电路各指标参数均满足预期要求。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.